{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T18:04:37Z","timestamp":1790100277993,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A police lineup includes a suspect and known-innocent fillers. The purpose of fillers is to protect an innocent suspect as witnesses must rely on their memory to make a lineup decision (i.e., select or reject). Diagnostic Feature Detection theory proposes that witnesses compare facial features across lineup members, weighting shared and non-shared features differently during the decision process (Wixted &amp; Mickes, 2014). According to this view, only non-shared features are diagnostic because they provide distinguishing information, compared to features that are shared amongst all lineup members. Using eyetracking, we examined eyewitnesses\u2019 viewing behavior and decision making in lineups when features amongst lineup members were shared. After encoding twelve target faces (six Black, six White), participants (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009100) made identification decisions on target-present lineups (one lineup per target), with lineup members presented either simultaneously or sequentially, providing confidence after each lineup decision. In the shared-feature lineups, we digitally edited one of the target\u2019s features (nose, eyes, or mouth) onto all lineup members so that they shared that feature (e.g., in one lineup, all members had the target\u2019s eyes). In the control lineups, we edited each lineup member\u2019s own feature (nose, eyes, or mouth) to control for effects of photoshopping. Results indicate there were no differences in allocation of overt visual attention (via eye movements) to diagnostic features between lineup types or by accuracy. These findings do not support the proposition that eyewitnesses overtly evaluate shared features in lineups, or account for their diagnosticity via allocation of overt visual attention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0355167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:26:20Z","timestamp":1790097980000},"page":"e0355167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does visual attention to diagnostic facial features predict eyewitness identification accuracy? Implications for diagnostic feature detection theory"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5826-3020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pia","family":"Pennekamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Psychological Science"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Ramey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Psychological Science"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8420-1245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dilhan","family":"T\u00f6redi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c5bo Akademi University","place":["Turku, Finland"],"department":["Department of Psychology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Michael","family":"Lampinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas","place":["Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Psychological Science"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0355167.ref001","author":"International Association of Chiefs of Police","year":"2016"},{"key":"pone.0355167.ref002","volume-title":"Identifying the culprit: Assessing eyewitness identification","author":"National Research Council","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0355167.ref003","volume-title":"Eyewitness identification: Procedures for conducting photo arrays","author":"United States Department of Justice","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0355167.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/lhb0000359","article-title":"Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence","volume":"44","author":"GL Wells","year":"2020","journal-title":"Law Hum Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0355167.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612439584","article-title":"Costs and benefits of eyewitness identification reform: psychological science and public policy","volume":"7","author":"SE Clark","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0355167.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030618","article-title":"The effect of suspect-filler similarity on eyewitness identification decisions: a meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"RJ Fitzgerald","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Public Policy Law"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0355167.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01039807","article-title":"Guidelines for empirically assessing the fairness of a lineup","volume":"3","author":"GL Wells","year":"1979","journal-title":"Law Hum Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0355167.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1984.tb02223.x","article-title":"The Psychology of Lineup Identifications1","volume":"14","author":"GL Wells","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Appl Soc Pyschol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0355167.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jarmac.2014.07.003","article-title":"Effect of retention interval on showup and lineup performance","volume":"4","author":"SA Wetmore","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Appl Res Memory Cogn"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0355167.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1037\/law0000329","article-title":"Could precise and replicable manipulations of suspect-filler similarity optimize eyewitness identification performance?","volume":"28","author":"CA Lucas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychology, Public Policy, and Law"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0355167.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000408","article-title":"Modeling face similarity in police lineups","volume":"130","author":"KJ Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0355167.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1037\/xlm0001342","article-title":"The effects of filler similarity and lineup size on eyewitness identification.","volume":"50","author":"KJ Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0355167.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.70203","article-title":"Fast, Sure, and Right? 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