{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:27:37Z","timestamp":1786645657955,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004887","name":"Illinois Department of Natural Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004887","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Illinois Lyme Association"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The continuing increase in incidence of tick-borne illnesses in the United States necessitates expanded surveillance, especially in areas like Illinois experiencing range expansion of key vectors such as\n                    <jats:italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Amblyomma americanum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We report on the initial years (2018\u20132023) of a community-engaged passive tick surveillance program in Illinois designed to complement active collections by casting a wide net for tick species, tick-host encounters, and emerging pathogens. Participants submitted eight tick species, dominated by\n                    <jats:italic>A. americanum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>D. variabilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Submissions, primarily adults, occurred almost year-round (except February), and were most often associated with humans, dogs, and deer. We used a microfluidic system and sequencing to test a subset of the submitted ticks. Six tick-borne pathogens were detected, including\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    s.s. (14% prevalence in adult\n                    <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic>B. miyamotoi<\/jats:italic>\n                    (4.7% in adult\n                    <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and\n                    <jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1.2% in\n                    <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    as well as 1 out of 7 tested\n                    <jats:italic>Dermacentor albipictus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). We also documented spotted fever group\n                    <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, such as\n                    <jats:italic>R. amblyommatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (53% prevalence in nymphal\n                    <jats:italic>A. americanum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic>R. montanensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (2.1% in\n                    <jats:italic>D. variabilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and\n                    <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    R. andeanae (in 2 out of 3\n                    <jats:italic>A. maculatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). These efforts helped document the year-round risk of tick exposure and expanded our knowledge of the diversity of ticks and circulating pathogens in Illinois. We believe the combination of a sustainable, low-cost passive surveillance program coupled with multi-pathogen assays can serve a useful function as complementary surveillance for emerging pathogens and changing tick distributions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0355935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T17:29:41Z","timestamp":1786642181000},"page":"e0355935","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community-engaged passive tick surveillance highlights the diversity of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in Illinois"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Holly C.","family":"Tuten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6368-9720","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lance E.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jannatul","family":"Promee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9185-0454","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chang-Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9535-2583","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chris M.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0355935.ref001","first-page":"496","article-title":"Vital signs: Trends in reported vectorborne disease cases - United States and territories, 2004-2016","volume":"67","author":"R Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0355935.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15030478","article-title":"Range Expansion of Tick Disease Vectors in North America: Implications for Spread of Tick-Borne Disease","volume":"15","author":"DE Sonenshine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0355935.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0580","article-title":"Expanding Range of Amblyomma americanum and Simultaneous Changes in the Epidemiology of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis in the United States","volume":"94","author":"FS Dahlgren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0355935.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209082","article-title":"Current and Future Distribution of the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.) 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