{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:06:21Z","timestamp":1789754781644,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PGC2018-101442-B-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGC2018-101442-B-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2023-14685NB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-14685NB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1302-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1302-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1743-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1743-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Oocytes in teleosts undergo complex changes during oogenesis, including the accumulation of ribosomal RNAs and tRNAs needed to support protein synthesis during early embryogenesis. Previous studies show that high levels of 5S rRNA and tRNAs in perinucleolar previtellogenic (PV) oocytes, and the easily calculated 5S rRNA\/18S rRNA index, reliably distinguish testes from ovaries, especially when ovaries are in PV. Building on this, we examined whether the tRNA\/5.8S rRNA index follows a similar pattern during oogenesis in thicklip grey mullet\n                    <jats:italic>Chelon labrosus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a species with synchronous ovarian development. The index values revealed very high tRNA levels during previtellogenesis, when only perinucleolar oocytes are present, tRNA levels being gradually met by 5.8S rRNA ones during secondary growth towards vitellogenesis. Transcription of 5S rRNA and tRNAs by RNAP-III is regulated by general transcription factors (Gtf3a, b, and c) and the inhibitor Maf1. We analyzed ovarian transcription patterns of Gtf3b-related genes (\n                    <jats:italic>brf1a, brf1b, brf2, bdp1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>tbpl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), comparing them with previously described\n                    <jats:italic>gtf3aa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>gtf3ab<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which act specifically in 5S rRNA transcription. We also quantified transcript levels of\n                    <jats:italic>maf1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>dap1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the latter involved in keeping ribosomes dormant until fertilization. Most Gtf3b-related genes, as well as\n                    <jats:italic>maf1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>dap1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    , showed higher transcription in ovaries than in testes and intersex testes. Transcript levels peaked in PV ovaries and declined in cortical alveoli and late-vitellogenic stages.\n                    <jats:italic>brf1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>tbpl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    also differentiated intersex testes from normal testes. These observations reinforce the hypothesis that primary oocyte differentiation is marked by a strong activation of RNAP-III activity for ribogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0356468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:23:36Z","timestamp":1789752216000},"page":"e0356468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differential regulation of ribogenesis genes throughout oogenesis in thicklip grey mullets, Chelon labrosus, preparing the maternal contribution to embryo development"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Joyanta","family":"Bir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oihane","family":"Diaz de Cerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2664-1303","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maren","family":"Ortiz-Zarragoitia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4841-0079","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ibon","family":"Cancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0356468.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2023.105907","article-title":"High production of transfer RNAs identifies the presence of developing oocytes in ovaries and intersex testes of teleost fish","volume":"186","author":"J Bir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mar Environ Res"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0356468.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7763","DOI":"10.1021\/es301132b","article-title":"5S rRNA and accompanying proteins in gonads: powerful markers to identify sex and reproductive endocrine disruption in fish","volume":"46","author":"O Diaz de Cerio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0356468.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227690","article-title":"Duplication and subfunctionalisation of the general transcription factor IIIA (gtf3a) gene in teleost genomes, with ovarian specific transcription of gtf3ab","volume":"15","author":"I Rojo-Bartolom\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0356468.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149711","article-title":"Identification of sex and female\u2019s reproductive stage in commercial fish species through the quantification of ribosomal transcripts in gonads","volume":"11","author":"I Rojo-Bartolom\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0356468.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.06.027","article-title":"Transcription of ribogenesis genes in fish gonads: applications in the identification of stages of oogenesis and in environmental monitoring of intersex condition","volume":"121","author":"I Rojo-Bartolom\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0356468.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.05.022","article-title":"Oogenesis in teleosts: how eggs are formed","volume":"165","author":"E Lubzens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0356468.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20160062","article-title":"Transcription by RNA polymerase III: insights into mechanism and regulation","volume":"44","author":"TW Turowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"pone.0356468.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-378630-2.00263-2","article-title":"RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase III in eukaryotes.","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of biological chemistry","author":"RJ. 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