{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:24:33Z","timestamp":1787163873682,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) is a strategy in sports science that improves athletic performance through preconditioning muscle activity. This study investigates the acute effects of sub-maximal load back squats with different ranges of motion (ROM) and intra-set fatigue on countermovement jump (CMJ) height.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study employed a counterbalanced, repeated-measures experimental design to investigate the acute effects of sub-maximal load back squat with varied ROM and intra-set fatigue on CMJ height in trained males. A total of 12 resistance-trained athletes participated in a single-set protocol intervention comprising 4 conditioning activities (CAs): (i) deep squats with proximity-to-failure (SDP); (ii) deep squats to failure (SDF); (iii) half squats with proximity-to-failure (SHP); and (iv) half squats to failure (SHF). CMJ height was measured before the CAs and at 4, 8, and 12 minutes post-intervention, while mean velocity was continuously monitored during the CAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant differences were observed in initial mean velocity across conditioning activities (F\u2009=\u20091.10, \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00b2\u2009=\u20090.07,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.36). Final repetition mean velocity differed significantly across conditions (F\u2009=\u20096.67, \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00b2\u2009=\u20090.31,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), with lower velocities and a greater number of repetitions observed in the failure conditions compared with the proximity-to-failure conditions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). A significant condition\u2009\u00d7\u2009time interaction was found for CMJ height (F\u2009=\u20092.231, \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00b2\u2009=\u20090.13,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02). CMJ height increased at 4 minutes post-CA in the SDP and SHP conditions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03, respectively), while increases occurred at 8 minutes post-CA in the SDF and SHF conditions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively). A significant between-group effect was also observed (F\u2009=\u20093.949, \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00b2\u2009=\u20090.21,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). No between-group differences were present at 4 minutes post-CA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.24), but significant differences emerged at 8 and 12 minutes post-CA (both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both proximity-to-failure and repetitions-to-failure protocols performed at 87% 1RM effectively enhanced CMJ performance. However, peak performance occurred earlier following the proximity-to-failure protocols, and half squats elicited greater enhancement effects than deep squats. These findings suggest that 3 repetitions of the half squat at 87% 1RM may represent a time-efficient strategy for inducing PAPE when explosive performance is required shortly before competition or training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0356542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:29:17Z","timestamp":1787160557000},"page":"e0356542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The post-activation performance enhancement of sub-maximal load back squat with varied range of motion and intra-set fatigue on jump height in trained 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