{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T18:15:19Z","timestamp":1788286519611,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Quick Aphasia Battery provides a quick yet comprehensive evaluation of language performance in individuals with aphasia. While the tool was originally developed in English, no validated Urdu version existed for use in Pakistani clinical settings. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Urdu version of the Quick Aphasia Battery and determine its psychometric properties, including reliability and preliminary diagnostic performance among stroke patients. The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 involved translation and adaptation, comprising forward-backward translation, expert review, cultural modification and pilot testing with 20 participants to assess clarity and feasibility. Phase 2 was validation including 44 participants (7 with aphasia and 37 without aphasia) to establish content validity, construct validity, and preliminary diagnostic performance. Phase 3 evaluated reliability, including internal consistency, inter-rater, test-retest and parallel forms reliability. Content validity indices were excellent (I-CVI\u2009=\u20090.75\u20131.00; S-CVI\u2009=\u20090.95\u20131.00). Mann-Whitney U test revealed significant group differences across all subtests (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), supporting known group validity. The Preliminary Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.90\u20130.99), with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 92%. Reliability testing indicated inter-rater reliability with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient value of 0.96, test-retest reliability with a value of 0.98 and internal consistency with a Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 value of 0.96; there was no significant difference across parallel forms (p\u2009=\u20090.526). The Urdu Quick Aphasia Battery exhibits promising preliminary validity and reliability for assessing language performance in Urdu-speaking stroke patients and shows consistency and agreement with the original version, despite the inclusion of culturally adapted modifications. However, given the limited number of aphasia cases, further validation with larger clinical samples is required before establishing its diagnostic utility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0356908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T17:36:53Z","timestamp":1788284213000},"page":"e0356908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adaptation of the Quick Aphasia Battery into Urdu and establishment of its psychometric properties"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7663-2397","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abeeha","family":"Fatima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lahore Teaching Hospital","place":["Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan"],"department":["Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy and Neurorehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anum","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Lahore","place":["Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan"],"department":["Department of Rehabilitation Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Azzam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Adelaide","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"],"department":["Department of Allied Health Science and Practice"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0356908.ref001","article-title":"Pakistan: A nation held back by NTDs","volume":"12","author":"AJ Blum","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0356908.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108901","article-title":"Risk factors for acute stroke among South Asians compared to other racial\/ethnic groups","volume":"9","author":"T Gezmu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0356908.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.13","article-title":"Stroke in South Asian countries","volume":"10","author":"M Wasay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"pone.0356908.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensci.2016.02.011","article-title":"Prevention, management, and rehabilitation of stroke in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"2","author":"LL Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"eNeurologicalSci"},{"key":"pone.0356908.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2025.100211","article-title":"Epidemiology of stroke in Pakistan and its provinces, 1990\u20132021: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"10","author":"S Shahid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Glob Epidemiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"pone.0356908.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003297","article-title":"Effect of aphasia on acute stroke outcomes","volume":"87","author":"AK Boehme","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0356908.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.37.5.2314","article-title":"Aphasia-diagnostic challenges and trends: speech-language pathologist\u2019s perspective","volume":"37","author":"F Badar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0356908.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2019.1630597","article-title":"Incidence and types of aphasia after first-ever acute stroke in Bengali speakers: age, gender, and educational effect on the type of aphasia","volume":"34","author":"D Lahiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"pone.0356908.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003524472-21","article-title":"Assessment in Aphasia","author":"M Goral","year":"2024","journal-title":"A Guide to Global Language Assessment. 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