{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:19:14Z","timestamp":1787768354446,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012300","name":"Samisk nasjonal kompetansetjeneste \u2013 psykisk helsevern og rus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Problematic Internet Use (PIU)\u2014marked by compulsive or maladaptive online behavior\u2014is an emerging public health issue among adolescents and is associated with psychological distress, social difficulties, and academic problems. In Finnmark County, Norway\u2019s northernmost and ethnically diverse region, limited research has examined the underlying mechanisms of PIU among S\u00e1mi and non-S\u00e1mi youth, despite increasing levels of digital engagement. This study protocol outlines a population-based cross-sectional survey investigating the associations between social norms (descriptive and injunctive), ethnic identity, and ethnicity-based discrimination in relation to PIU among S\u00e1mi and non-S\u00e1mi adolescents in Finnmark. Guided by Social Norm Theory and Ethnic Identity Theory, the study aims to examine risk and resilience factors associated with adolescents\u2019 digital behavior in a geographically sparsely populated, multiethnic region. A population-based, cross-sectional school survey will include all upper secondary school students in Finnmark County (N\u2009\u2248\u20092,230). A culturally adapted, bilingual questionnaire (Northern S\u00e1mi \u2013 Norwegian) will measure problematic internet use, perceived social norms in family, peer, and school contexts, ethnic identity, ethnicity-based discrimination, positive internet use, and key covariates. Ethnicity will be classified based on indicators of S\u00e1mi language use and self-identification. Data will be prepared using prespecified quality procedures and analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine associations between social norms, ethnic identity, ethnicity-based discrimination, and internet use outcomes, including mediation and moderation. Group differences between S\u00e1mi and non-S\u00e1mi adolescents will be assessed using PLS Multi-Group Analysis. The findings may inform the development of culturally appropriate approaches to screening, prevention, and early intervention, and are relevant for mental health services, school-based programs, and public health strategies targeting Indigenous youth in rural and semi-rural regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0356920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:32:32Z","timestamp":1787765552000},"page":"e0356920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk and resilience factors in problematic internet use among S\u00e1mi and non-S\u00e1mi adolescents in Finnmark, Arctic Norway: The role of social norms and ethnic identity"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6041-1130","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shiho","family":"Hansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Snefrid","family":"M\u00f8llersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Rita","family":"Spein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Cecilie","family":"J\u00e1vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0356920.ref001","volume-title":"Health advisory on social media use in adolescence","author":"American Psychological Association","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0356920.ref002","article-title":"Children and adolescents and digital 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