{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:44:38Z","timestamp":1792604678094,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011736","name":"Internationalt Center for Forskning i \u00d8kologisk Jordbrug og F\u00f8devaresystemer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RDD7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RDD7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011736","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pea (\n                    <jats:italic>Lathyrus oleraceus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lam.), formerly (\n                    <jats:italic>Pisum sativum<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) is an important grain legume, cultivated worldwide for both food and feed purposes. Gene banks safeguard and maintain the genetic resources of the species. The Nordic Genetic Resource Center (NordGen) manages approximately 4,000 pea accessions. In gene banks, the proportion of genotyped accessions is low. This low number limits available information on accessions, increases the risk of duplicates, and reduces the resource efficiency and applicability of gene bank material. Our study included 304 accessions, comprising 18 modern field pea cultivars and 22 garden pea cultivars. All accessions were genotyped using Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing genotyping. This yielded 30,791 single nucleotide polymorphic markers after quality control. Genetic population structure was analyzed and visualized using neighbor-joining trees and Principal Coordinate Analysis plots. The genetic diversity in the population was high. All modern cultivars clustered together in the Principal Coordinate Analysis plots and were resolved as a monophyletic group with high bootstrap support in the neighbor-joining tree. The garden peas were dispersed and intermixed with historic landraces of European origin. Nepalese and Indian landraces, in conjunction with Abyssinian pea accessions, were resolved as a sister group to the rest of the population. Our results demonstrated significant genetic homogeneity in modern cultivars relative to the subset of accessions analyzed. The population structures found in our analyses added to the limited number of publications on genetic diversity, based on large numbers of genetic markers in pea collections. The results supported the often said, but rarely proven hypothesis, that modern cultivars display reduced genetic diversity in agricultural crops.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0357113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:36:46Z","timestamp":1792604206000},"page":"e0357113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modern pea (Lathyrus oleraceus) cultivars exhibit significantly lower genetic diversity relative to landraces, garden cultivars and genebank accessions"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1634-9924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jens Axel","family":"Knuhtsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3072-8786","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Conny Bruun Asmussen","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorte Bodin","family":"Dresb\u00f8ll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7900-3324","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kristian Holst","family":"Laursen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Rysbjerg","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6169-2504","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S\u00f8ren Kj\u00e6rsgaard","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0357113.ref001","first-page":"197","article-title":"Lathyrus oleraceus Lam","volume":"40","author":"M Rix","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curtis\u2019s Botanical Magazine"},{"key":"pone.0357113.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-12-250","article-title":"Systematics, biogeography, and character evolution of the legume tribe Fabeae with special focus on the middle-Atlantic island lineages","volume":"12","author":"H Schaefer","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0357113.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3390\/d16070365","article-title":"The Taxonomic Status of Genera within the Fabeae (Vicieae), with a Special Focus on Pisum","volume":"16","author":"THN Ellis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diversity"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0357113.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0480-1","article-title":"A reference genome for pea provides insight into legume genome evolution","volume":"51","author":"J Kreplak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"pone.0357113.ref005","first-page":"347","author":"ET Gritton","year":"1980","journal-title":"Field Pea"},{"issue":"4115","key":"pone.0357113.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1126\/science.182.4115.887","article-title":"Domestication of Pulses in the Old World: Legumes were companions of wheat and barley when agriculture began in the Near East","volume":"182","author":"D Zohary","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0357113.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davies DR, Smartt J, Simmonds N. 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