{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T18:08:22Z","timestamp":1788890902066,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 52068001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 52068001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Project of Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["No. 20252BAC250054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 20252BAC250054"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To explore the disposal method of lithium slag (LS), 20 columns were tested with three parameters, LS replacement rate, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) ring spacing, and CFRP layer number, respectively. The conclusion is that the lithium-slag concrete-filled steel tube (LSCFST) stub columns subjected to CFRP circumferential constraints undergo a progressive failure process, ultimately resulting in the steel tube bucking; By the increasing LS replacement rate, the bearing capacity of columns shows an uptrend, while their ductility deteriorates. And the columns with 20% of replacement rate show better load capacity than other specimens. Compared to ring spacing, the adding layers of CFRP has a greater enhancement on the bearing capacity and ductility of columns. 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