{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:20:00Z","timestamp":1787854800300,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy is a known risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although smoking cessation has general cardiovascular benefits, its impact on left ventricular hypertrophy regression remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To investigate whether smoking cessation is associated with regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We analyzed data from 752 non-hypertensive participants (695 males; mean age, 47.8\u2009\u00b1\u20099.2 years) who underwent annual health checkups. Left ventricular hypertrophy was defined using the Sokolow\u2013Lyon criteria (SV1\u2009+\u2009RV5\u2009>\u20093.5 mV). Measurements were compared between baseline and 6 years after smoking cessation. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of left ventricular hypertrophy progression.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n After 6 years, the average left ventricular voltage decreased significantly (2.47\u2009\u2192\u20092.41 mV, p\u2009<\u20090.0001), and the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy declined from 8.4% to 6.5%. This regression occurred despite increases in body weight (65.7\u2009\u2192\u200968.1 kg, p\u2009<\u20090.0001) and systolic blood pressure (112.8\u2009\u2192\u2009122.0 mmHg, p\u2009<\u20090.0001). Left ventricular hypertrophy regression was observed in both participants who received antihypertensive medication and in those who did not. Multivariable analysis identified antihypertensive medication as an independent predictor of electrocardiographic LVH regression.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Smoking cessation is associated with regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, independent of weight gain or increases in blood pressure.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0357409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T17:33:07Z","timestamp":1787851987000},"page":"e0357409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Smoking cessation is associated with regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy: A 6-year retrospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1618-9739","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuichi","family":"Ninomiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Kawasoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuro","family":"Kubozono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiko","family":"Sai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihito","family":"Nuruki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6831-2623","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhisa","family":"Iriki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Akasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunitsugu","family":"Takasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Miyahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Tokushige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Ohishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0357409.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpx067","article-title":"Electrocardiographic 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smoking and vascular biology and function: evidence from human studies","volume":"475","author":"O Hahad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357409.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5334\/gh.1399","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of smoking and smoking Cessation: a 2024 update","volume":"20","author":"M Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Glob Heart"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357409.ref008","article-title":"Smoking Cessation and benefits to cardiovascular health: a review of literature","volume":"15","author":"O Okorare","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357409.ref009","article-title":"A systematic review of the effects of smoking on the cardiovascular system and general health","volume":"15","author":"MP Parmar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0357409.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031912","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and incident heart failure: insights from the Jackson heart study","volume":"137","author":"D Kamimura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0357409.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.017320","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, incident coronary heart disease, and coronary artery calcification in black adults: the Jackson heart study","volume":"10","author":"AA Oshunbade","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357409.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-023-01549-8","article-title":"Association between weight gain following smoking cessation and development of hypertension in the future","volume":"47","author":"Y Ninomiya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357409.ref013","article-title":"Evaluation of different criteria in the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram in comparison with echocardiogram","volume":"14","author":"JP Marcato","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357409.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.02.013","article-title":"Reduced estimated GFR and cardiac remodeling: a population-based autopsy study","volume":"74","author":"K Izumaru","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0357409.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0333169","article-title":"QT prolongation and excessive variability predicts new-onset atrial fibrillation in the health screening data of Japanese adults","volume":"20","author":"Y Ninomiya","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS 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