{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T18:09:09Z","timestamp":1788890949407,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007430","name":"National Fish and Wildlife Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["031822072853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["031822072853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007430","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSF-OCE-2224608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF-OCE-2224608"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In January 2018, Winter Storm Grayson deposited a spatially heterogeneous layer of sediment across the Great Marsh on the North Shore of Massachusetts in Essex Bay, Ipswich Bay, and Plum Island. A published study of short-term responses following one growing season showed percent cover of vegetation was significantly lower in plots receiving sediment than controls, while porewater chemistry (salinity, redox potential, and sulfide concentrations) shifted slightly as biogeochemical processes developed in the new sediment. Six growing seasons post-deposition, these sites were re-evaluated to determine whether storm-delivered sediment (i) increases vegetation percent cover and species richness without suppressing plant height, (ii) influences porewater conditions, and (iii) promotes belowground live root density. Results show that vegetation cover and height were not significantly impacted by sediment thickness or year, and no interaction was found between year and sediment thickness. Salinity significantly decreased from 2018 to 2024, while interactive effects appeared for both redox potential and sulfides, largely driven by changes in plots that received 0\u20132 cm of sediment. Interactive effects of depth and sediment thickness on live root density appear driven by biomass in the control and 4\u20136 cm plots. Live root density in the top 4 cm was approximately equivalent for all core types with biomass increasing with depth until 10 cm for the plots receiving greater than 2 cm of sediment. Our results suggest that natural sediment inputs can supplement elevation and stimulate belowground biomass, particularly at thicknesses between 2\u20136 cm, without negatively impacting vegetation cover, species richness, or porewater chemistry at the landscape scale.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0357442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:40:53Z","timestamp":1788889253000},"page":"e0357442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recovery of a New England salt marsh six years after a natural sediment deposition event"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7424-0275","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gregg E.","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Hampshire","place":["Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Biology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0900-4302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Hampshire","place":["Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Biology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Burdick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Hampshire","place":["Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Natural Resources"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1557-3709","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alondra","family":"Ortiz-Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico-Cayey","place":["Cayey, Puerto Rico, United States of America"],"department":["Natural Sciences Department"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley N.","family":"Bulseco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Hampshire","place":["Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Biology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357442.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2002GB001917","article-title":"Global carbon sequestration in tidal, saline wetland soils","volume":"17","author":"GL Chmura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoser.2014.06.010","article-title":"Valuing the storm protection service of estuarine and coastal ecosystems","volume":"11","author":"EB Barbier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecosyst Serv"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2021.102328","article-title":"The global value of coastal wetlands for storm protection","volume":"70","author":"R Costanza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Environmental Change"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0357442.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2019JF005200","article-title":"Salt Marsh Dynamics in a Period of Accelerated Sea Level Rise","volume":"125","author":"S Fagherazzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JGR Earth Surface"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2017.11.001","article-title":"Dynamic interactions between coastal storms and salt marshes: A review","volume":"301","author":"N Leonardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2002)083[2869:ROCWTR]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Responses of coastal wetlands to rising sea levels","volume":"83","author":"JT Morris","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2006.05.041","article-title":"Marsh vertical accretion via vegetative growth","volume":"69","author":"JA Nyman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2307\/1942263","article-title":"Development of a New England Salt Marsh","volume":"42","author":"AC Redfield","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ecol Monogr"},{"issue":"4653","key":"pone.0357442.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1126\/science.224.4653.1093","article-title":"Mississippi deltaic wetland survival: sedimentation versus coastal submergence","volume":"224","author":"RH Baumann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4519","key":"pone.0357442.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1126\/science.214.4519.439","article-title":"Oxygen Deficiency in Spartina alterniflora Roots: Metabolic Adaptation to Anoxia","volume":"214","author":"IA Mendelssohn","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.2307\/2260609","article-title":"Spartina alterniflora die-back in Louisiana: Time-course investigation of soil waterlogging effects","volume":"76","author":"IA Mendelssohn","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref012","first-page":"29","article-title":"Response of tidal salt marshes of the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts to rising sea levels","volume":"1","author":"P Orson","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Coast Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref013","first-page":"77","article-title":"The relationship between marsh surface topography, hydroperiod, and growth of Spartina alterniflora in a deteriorating Louisiana salt marsh","volume":"8","author":"DJ Reed","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Coast Res"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2019GL086737","article-title":"Enhanced, climate\u2010driven sedimentation on salt marshes","volume":"47","author":"DM FitzGerald","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geophysical Research Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245564","article-title":"Effects of a large-scale, natural sediment deposition event on plant cover in a Massachusetts salt marsh","volume":"16","author":"GE Moore","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2023.108670","article-title":"Storm sediment contribution to salt marsh accretion and expansion","volume":"430","author":"N Pannozzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357442.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02786525","article-title":"The effects of thin layer sand renourishment on tidal marsh processes: Masonboro Island, North Carolina","volume":"29","author":"AL Croft","year":"2006","journal-title":"Estuaries and Coasts"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2022.939870","article-title":"Laying it on thick: Ecosystem effects of sediment placement on a microtidal Rhode Island salt marsh","volume":"10","author":"KB Raposa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Environ Sci"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2019.05.011","article-title":"Thin-layer sediment addition to an existing salt marsh to combat sea-level rise and improve endangered species habitat in California, USA","volume":"136","author":"KM Thorne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2018.05.012","article-title":"Restoring a degraded marsh using thin layer sediment placement: short term effects on soil physical and biogeochemical properties","volume":"20","author":"CM VanZomeren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecol Eng"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref021","article-title":"Thin layer placement: technical definition for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers applications","author":"J Berkowitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Publ U S Army Eng Res Dev Cent"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref022","volume-title":"Managing dredged material via thin-layer disposal in coastal marshes","author":"P Wilbur","year":"1993"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2022.106566","article-title":"Effective use of thin layer sediment application in Spartina alterniflora marshes is guided by elevation-biomass relationship","volume":"177","author":"J Davis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357442.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-20-00072.1","article-title":"Short-Term Effects of Thin-Layer Sand Placement on Salt Marsh Grasses: A Marsh Organ Field Experiment","volume":"37","author":"AR Payne","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Coast Res"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2021.106495","article-title":"Experimental sediment addition in salt-marsh management: Plant-soil carbon dynamics in southern New England","volume":"175","author":"AL Puchkoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357442.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-022-01161-y","article-title":"Evaluating Thin-Layer Sediment Placement as a Tool for Enhancing Tidal Marsh Resilience: a Coordinated Experiment Across Eight US National Estuarine Research Reserves","volume":"46","author":"KB Raposa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Estuaries and Coasts"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref027","article-title":"Thin layer placement of sediments for restoring ecological function to submerging salt marshes: a quantitative review of scientific literature","author":"C VanZomeren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Publ U S Army Eng Res Dev Cent"},{"issue":"7478","key":"pone.0357442.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12856","article-title":"Tidal wetland stability in the face of human impacts and sea-level rise","volume":"504","author":"ML Kirwan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357442.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1890\/09-2128.1","article-title":"Controls on resilience and stability in a sediment-subsidized salt marsh","volume":"21","author":"CL Stagg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecol Appl"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605785","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2025.1605785","article-title":"Trajectory of coastal wetland soil physical and microbial properties 6 years after thin layer placement sediment amendment","volume":"13","author":"JZ Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357442.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02696063","article-title":"Effects of sediment slurry enrichment on salt marsh rehabilitation: Plant and soil responses over seven years","volume":"28","author":"MG Slocum","year":"2005","journal-title":"Estuaries"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518759","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2025.1518759","article-title":"Wetland elevation change following beneficial use of dredged material nourishment","volume":"13","author":"BD Harris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357442.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-023-01897-8","article-title":"Increasing Salt Marsh Elevation Using Sediment Augmentation: Critical Insights from Surface Sediments and Sediment Cores","volume":"73","author":"E Fard","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357442.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1890\/1051-0761(1997)007[1054:BEOSRT]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Biogeochemical effects of seawater restoration to diked salt marshes","volume":"7","author":"JW Portnoy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ecol Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357442.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005715520988","article-title":"Effects of historic tidal restrictions on salt marsh sediment chemistry","volume":"36","author":"JW Portnoy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357442.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1969.14.3.0454","article-title":"Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulfide in natural waters","volume":"14","author":"JD Cline","year":"1969","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref037","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 2024. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.11.1.54","article-title":"A better lemon squeezer? Maximum-likelihood regression with beta-distributed dependent variables","volume":"11","author":"M Smithson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357442.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.3940","article-title":"A case for beta regression in the natural sciences","volume":"13","author":"EA Geissinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wobbrock JO, Findlater L, Gergle D, Higgins JJ. The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only anova procedures. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2011. 143\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1978942.1978963","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1978963"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/asmb.918","article-title":"The COM-Poisson model for count data: a survey of methods and applications","volume":"28","author":"KF Sellers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl Stoch Model Bus Ind"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref042","author":"F Hartig","year":"2024"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1080\/03610920008832591","article-title":"Regression models for data with a non-zero probability of a zero response","volume":"29","author":"R Gilchrist","year":"2000","journal-title":"Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref044","first-page":"181","article-title":"Some influences of sediment addition to a deteriorating salt marsh in the Mississippi River deltaic plain: a pilot study","volume":"6","author":"RD DeLaune","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Coast Res"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2003.09.006","article-title":"Sediment subsidy: effects on soil\u2013plant responses in a rapidly submerging coastal salt marsh","volume":"21","author":"IA Mendelssohn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecol Eng"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-8574(98)00061-5","article-title":"Restoring marsh elevation in a rapidly subsiding salt marsh by thin-layer deposition of dredged material","volume":"12","author":"MA Ford","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ecol Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-3524(81)80104-1","article-title":"Influence of tidal inundation on internal oxygen supply of Spartina alterniflora and Spartina patens","volume":"13","author":"ML Gleason","year":"1981","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357442.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s13157-015-0670-2","article-title":"Hurricane-Induced Sedimentation Improves Marsh Resilience and Vegetation Vigor under High Rates of Relative Sea Level Rise","volume":"35","author":"JJ Baustian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-100X.2010.00718.x","article-title":"Restoring ecological function to a submerged salt marsh","volume":"18","author":"CL Stagg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Restoration Ecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357442.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-020-00834-w","article-title":"How Plants Influence Resilience of Salt Marsh and Mangrove Wetlands to Sea-Level Rise","volume":"44","author":"DR Cahoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Estuaries and Coasts"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0357442.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2948","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.2024","article-title":"Optimal hurricane overwash thickness for maximizing marsh resilience to sea level rise","volume":"6","author":"DC Walters","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1672\/08-32.1","article-title":"Hurricane Katrina sediment slowed elevation loss in subsiding brackish marshes of the Mississippi River delta","volume":"29","author":"KL McKee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00244923","article-title":"Sediment addition enhances transpiration and growth of Spartina alterniflora in deteriorating Louisiana Gulf Coast salt marshes","volume":"1","author":"SR Pezeshki","year":"1992","journal-title":"Wet Ecol Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357442.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s13157-018-1103-9","article-title":"Quantifying Functional Increases Across a Large-Scale Wetland Restoration Chronosequence","volume":"39","author":"JF Berkowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0357442.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240597","article-title":"Short-term impact of sediment addition on plants and invertebrates in a southern California salt marsh","volume":"15","author":"KJ McAtee","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357442.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.2307\/1940267","article-title":"Influence of oxygen and sulfide concentration on nitrogen uptake kinetics in Spartina alterniflora","volume":"71","author":"PM Bradley","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357442.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1981.26.2.0350","article-title":"Oxidation-reduction potentials in a salt marsh: spatial patterns and interactions with primary production","volume":"26","author":"BL Howes","year":"1981","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref058","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey. Precipitation Data. https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/data\/precipitation-data. 2025. Accessed 2025 November 26."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357442.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1979.24.6.0999","article-title":"Sulfate reduction in a New England salt marsh","volume":"24","author":"RW Howarth","year":"1979","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00000886","article-title":"Temporal and spatial variability of reduced sulfur species (FeS2, S2O3 2\u2212) and porewater parameters in salt marsh sediments","volume":"14","author":"GW Luther III","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biogeochem"},{"key":"pone.0357442.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21079\/11681\/35275","volume-title":"Evaluation of iron sulfide soil formation following coastal marsh restoration \u2013 observations from three case studies report","author":"JF Berkowitz","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0357442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:41:02Z","timestamp":1788889262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0357442"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Steven E.","family":"Travis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New England","place":["UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0357442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}}}