{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:11:19Z","timestamp":1789150279752,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Sorghum, (\n                    <jats:italic>Sorghum bicolor<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. Moench) one of the oldest cultivated cereals and a major staple food for millions of people in many tropical and subtropical regions, is highly vulnerable to postharvest losses caused by storage pests such as the maize weevil,\n                    <jats:italic>Sitophilus zeamais<\/jats:italic>\n                    Motschulsk. Although the insecticidal effects of several botanical powders against\n                    <jats:italic>S. zeamais<\/jats:italic>\n                    have been previously reported, evidences specific to stored sorghum remains limited. The present study confirmed and comparatively evaluated the insecticidal efficacy of three plant-based powders:\n                    <jats:italic>Phytolacca dodecandra<\/jats:italic>\n                    L\u2019Her,\n                    <jats:italic>Nicotiana tabacum<\/jats:italic>\n                    L., and\n                    <jats:italic>Millettia ferruginea<\/jats:italic>\n                    Hochst. against adult maize weevils under laboratory conditions. Treatments were applied with varying concentrations (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0g\/100g) of each botanical powder, while untreated and 5% malathion dust were used as controls. Adult mortality, progeny emergence, grain damage, and weight losses were recorded over a 15 day period. Results showed that\n                    <jats:italic>P. dodecandra<\/jats:italic>\n                    caused the highest adult mortality (96.6\u2009\u00b1\u20095.7), followed by\n                    <jats:italic>N. tabacum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (83.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0), and\n                    <jats:italic>M. ferruginea<\/jats:italic>\n                    (53.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.8). All botanicals powder significantly reduced grain damage, and weight loss compared to the untreated control. These findings confirm the effectiveness of these botanicals in stored sorghum and highlight their potential relevance as locally available, eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides in Ethiopian postharvest pest management. Further research is needed under farm-level storage conditions to validate their practical applicability.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0357778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:52:21Z","timestamp":1789149141000},"page":"e0357778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Laboratory evaluation of plant powders against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in stored sorghum"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1072-3291","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adem Nega","family":"Yimer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Debre Markos University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences","place":["Debre Markos, Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bewketu","family":"Takele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Debre Markos University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences","place":["Debre Markos, Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0357778.ref001","first-page":"26","article-title":"Post-harvest loss of stored grain, its causes and reduction strategies","volume":"96","author":"M Tadesse","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Sci Qual Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357778.ref002","first-page":"23","article-title":"Efficacy of selected botanical powders to control maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky in stored sorghum grain","volume":"14","author":"AK Kadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Agric Chem Environ"},{"key":"pone.0357778.ref003","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Improved postharvest technologies for promoting food storage, processing, and household nutrition in Tanzania, vol. 3","author":"T Tefera","year":"2012"},{"issue":"31","key":"pone.0357778.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.5897\/AJAR2014.8634","article-title":"Susceptibility of sorghum varieties to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)","volume":"9","author":"G Muluken","year":"2014","journal-title":"Afr J Agric Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357778.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4314\/just.v30i3.64627","article-title":"Levels of infestation on three different portions of the maize cob by the weevil Sitophilus zeamais (motschulsky)","volume":"30","author":"P Baidoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Sci Technol (Ghana)"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0357778.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP-20-153","article-title":"Influence of different plant powders as grain protectants on Sitophilus oryzae (L.) 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