{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:05:15Z","timestamp":1789495515556,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescents with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) face daily challenges, which intensify when both disorders co-occur. Resilience, hope, and sense of coherence (SOC) support positive adaptation, yet research in this area is limited. This study examined resilience, hope, and SOC among adolescents with ADHD\/DCD, co-occurring ADHD and DCD, and typical adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>105 adolescents (12\u201318 years) with ADHD\/DCD (n\u2009=\u200937), co-occurring ADHD+DCD (n\u2009=\u200923), and typical adolescents (n\u2009=\u200945) underwent a comprehensive assessment to confirm their diagnostic status before completing self-report questionnaires on resilience, hope, and SOC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ADHD+DCD group reported significantly lower levels of resilience (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.017), hope (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.001), and SOC (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.007) compared to typical adolescents. No significant differences were found between the ADHD+DCD and the ADHD\/DCD groups in all the main study variables (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Moderate to strong positive correlations were found linking resilience, hope, and SOC, with hope and SOC accounting for the majority of resilience variance and the final model explaining 54.7% of the variance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These preliminary findings suggest that adolescents with co-occurring ADHD and DCD may experience lower resilience, hope, and SOC than TD peers. These findings highlight the importance of considering co-occurring ADHD and DCD as a clinically relevant presentation and addressing adolescents\u2019 emotional and adaptive resources within assessment and intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0357815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T17:37:58Z","timestamp":1789493878000},"page":"e0357815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differences in resilience, hope, and sense of coherence among adolescents with ADHD\/DCD, co-occurring ADHD and DCD, and typically developing adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1485-6590","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yael","family":"Rozman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University","place":["Jerusalem, Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miri","family":"Tal-Saban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University","place":["Jerusalem, Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0357815.ref001","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"issue":"7486","key":"pone.0357815.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7486.301","article-title":"Adolescent development","volume":"330","author":"D Christie","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12205","article-title":"Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth","volume":"85","author":"AS Masten","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1376.002","article-title":"Implications of resilience concepts for scientific understanding","volume":"1094","author":"M Rutter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016998","article-title":"Impact of positive psychological capital on employee well-being over time","volume":"15","author":"JB Avey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12042","article-title":"Adolescent Resilience: Promotive Factors That Inform Prevention","volume":"7","author":"MA Zimmerman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Dev Perspect"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v5.25338","article-title":"Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives","volume":"5","author":"SM Southwick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.86.2.320","article-title":"Resilient individuals use positive emotions to bounce back from negative emotional experiences","volume":"86","author":"MM Tugade","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1177\/0021886307311470","article-title":"Can positive employees help positive organizational change? Impact of psychological capital and emotions on relevant attitudes and behaviors","volume":"44","author":"JB Avey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Behav Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0357815.ref010","article-title":"The Impact of Hope and Resilience on Multiple Factors in Neurosurgical Patients","volume":"8","author":"D Duggal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640221147166","article-title":"Hope and resilience among patients affected by unipolar and bipolar depression","volume":"69","author":"D Favale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000224","article-title":"Hope and resilience as distinct contributors to psychological flourishing among childhood trauma survivors","volume":"26","author":"RT Munoz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Traumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-022-04099-4","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire (ARQ) in a sample of Swedish adolescents","volume":"22","author":"D Nilsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1304_01","article-title":"Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind","volume":"13","author":"CR Snyder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol Inq"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-63135-2_6","article-title":"Hope: A Health Promotion Resource","author":"T Rust\u00f8en","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Promotion in Health Care \u2013 Vital Theories and Research"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2006.03.005","article-title":"An analysis of hope as a psychological strength","volume":"44","author":"MF Valle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sch Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref017","author":"A Antonovsky","year":"1987","journal-title":"Unraveling the mystery of health: How people manage stress and stay well"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref018","first-page":"350","article-title":"Stress, coping, and health in families: Sense of coherence and resiliency","volume":"49","author":"M Stanton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fam Relat"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357815.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19063157","article-title":"Adolescents and Resilience: Factors Contributing to Health-Related Quality of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"19","author":"M Tal-Saban","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0357815.ref020","first-page":"157","article-title":"Participation in Everyday Activities of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spain","volume":"7","author":"N Blanco-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0357815.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4744","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-022-05768-9","article-title":"Social-Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Emotion Perception in Daily Life and in a Formal Assessment Context","volume":"53","author":"J L\u00f6yt\u00f6m\u00e4ki","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.07.071","article-title":"The global prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: An umbrella review of meta-analyses","volume":"339","author":"G Ayano","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387406","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1387406","article-title":"The prevalence of developmental coordination disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"H Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2012.003251","article-title":"Adolescents and adults coordination questionnaire: development and psychometric properties","volume":"66","author":"MT Saban","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.)\u2013Text Revisions (DSM-5-TR\u00ae)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022","edition":"5"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Resilience and ADHD: What is new?","volume":"9","author":"JV Freire","year":"2021","journal-title":"Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1590\/2237-6089-2018-0068","article-title":"Resilience levels among adolescents with ADHD using quantitative measures in a family-design study","volume":"41","author":"MAR Regalla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17795\/zjrms977","article-title":"The Association of Alexithymia and Sense of Coherence With Life Satisfaction in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","volume":"17","author":"K Allah-Gholilo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zahedan J Res Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2009.00746.x","article-title":"High sense of coherence in adolescence is a protective factor in the longitudinal development of ADHD symptoms","volume":"24","author":"T Edbom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Caring Sci"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2021.104119","article-title":"Anxiety, confidence and self-concept in adults with and without developmental coordination disorder","volume":"119","author":"S Harris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.07.019","article-title":"The profile of performance skills and emotional factors in the context of participation among young children with Developmental Coordination Disorder","volume":"34","author":"L Liberman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14132","article-title":"International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder","volume":"61","author":"R Blank","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2006.00689.x","article-title":"Comorbidity, co-occurrence, continuum: what\u2019s in a name?","volume":"32","author":"B Kaplan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105389","article-title":"A systematic review of behavioral and neurobiological profiles associated with coexisting attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder","volume":"153","author":"M Pranji\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s40489-021-00239-w","article-title":"Resilience in Autism and Intellectual Disability: a Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"M Clark","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00164","article-title":"The construct of resilience: a critical evaluation and guidelines for future work","volume":"71","author":"SS Luthar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-016-0216-z","article-title":"A Review of Factors that Promote Resilience in Youth with ADHD and ADHD Symptoms","volume":"19","author":"MR Dvorsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357815.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922810394836","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a shift toward resilience?","volume":"50","author":"V Modesto-Lowe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357815.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054715604362","article-title":"What Predicts a Good Adolescent to Adult Transition in ADHD? The Role of Self-Reported Resilience","volume":"22","author":"J Schei","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Atten Disord"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2022.101471","article-title":"The hope theory and specific learning disorders and\/or attention deficit disorders (SLD\/ADHD): Developmental perspectives","volume":"48","author":"M Einav","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0357815.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13469","article-title":"Mental health outcomes of developmental coordination disorder in late adolescence","volume":"59","author":"I Harrowell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/000841740807500307","article-title":"Life experiences of young adults who have coordination difficulties","volume":"75","author":"C Missiuna","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Occup Ther"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref043","article-title":"Comorbid Developmental Coordination Disorder and ADHD: The Effects on Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Young Children","author":"K Fortnum","year":"2025","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum Dev"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2021.1872488","article-title":"Sense of coherence can predict hope in older adults: a cross-lagged analysis","volume":"26","author":"Y Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref045","volume-title":"ADHD Rating Scale IV: Checklists, Norms, and Clinical Interpretation","author":"GJ DuPaul","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/01942630902784761","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the revised Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire","volume":"29","author":"BN Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Occup Ther Pediatr"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref047","volume-title":"Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2","author":"SE Henderson","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0357815.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13753","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and peer relationships in adolescents with developmental coordination disorder and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder","volume":"60","author":"D Dewey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.7","article-title":"ADHD Rating Scale IV: psychometric properties from a multinational study as a clinician-administered instrument","volume":"14","author":"S Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0357815.ref051","article-title":"A novel digital intervention for actively reducing severity of paediatric ADHD (STARS-ADHD): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"SH Kollins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-35552009005000024","article-title":"Cross-cultural adaptation of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire for Brazilian children","volume":"13","author":"MSS Prado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.07.018","article-title":"Psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire in community-based children","volume":"31","author":"M-H Tseng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1080\/01942630802574908","article-title":"The Movement Assessment Battery for Children--Second Edition (MABC-2): a review and critique","volume":"29","author":"T Brown","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Occup Ther Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0357815.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.05.009","article-title":"Motor skills at 23 years of age in young adults born preterm with very low birth weight","volume":"89","author":"IM Husby","year":"2013","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/15368370701380843","article-title":"Motor function in adults with Asperger\u2019s disorder: a comparative study","volume":"24","author":"C Sahlander","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0357815.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2023.2246376","article-title":"\u201cIt feels as though I need to exert more effort than others\u201d: the experience of daily participation of young adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) - a qualitative study","volume":"46","author":"S Zaguri-Vittenberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2020.102616","article-title":"Gaze behaviour during walking in young adults with developmental coordination disorder","volume":"71","author":"G Warlop","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1177\/0308022614565113","article-title":"Implications of DSM-5 for recognising adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD)","volume":"78","author":"C Purcell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Occup Ther"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-134","article-title":"Development of a multi-dimensional measure of resilience in adolescents: the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire","volume":"11","author":"D Gartland","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-015-0259-8","article-title":"Assessing resilience in adolescence: the Spanish adaptation of the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire","volume":"13","author":"G Guilera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2011.634862","article-title":"A focused intervention for 1st-year college students: promoting hope, sense of coherence, and self-efficacy","volume":"146","author":"OB Davidson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357815.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2003.018085","article-title":"Validity of Antonovsky\u2019s sense of coherence scale: a systematic review","volume":"59","author":"M Eriksson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2699.1.2.107","article-title":"Hope: An individual motive for social commerce","volume":"1","author":"CR Snyder","year":"1997","journal-title":"Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/22.3.399","article-title":"The development and validation of the Children\u2019s Hope Scale","volume":"22","author":"CR Snyder","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0357815.ref066","first-page":"17","article-title":"Are \u201cSense of Coherence\u201d and \u201cHope\u201d Related Constructs? Examining These Concepts in Three Cultural Groups in Israel","volume":"54","author":"O Braun-Lewensohn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Isr J Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.04.001","article-title":"Through the tunnel, to the light: Why sense of coherence covers and exceeds resilience, optimism, and self-compassion","volume":"98","author":"D Grevenstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.11591\/ijere.v7i4.15354","article-title":"Hope as a unique agent of resilience in socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents","volume":"7","author":"Z Ayd\u0131n S\u00fcnb\u00fcl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Eval Res Educ"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357815.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.01.007","article-title":"Psychological distress in children with developmental coordination disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"35","author":"C Missiuna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1590\/2237-6089-2015-0010","article-title":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is an independent risk factor for lower resilience in adolescents: a pilot study","volume":"37","author":"MA Regalla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12561","article-title":"Distinct patterns of cortical thinning in concurrent motor and attention disorders","volume":"57","author":"LM Langevin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357815.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.01.018","article-title":"Common white matter microstructure alterations in pediatric motor and attention disorders","volume":"164","author":"LM Langevin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/03080226221113505","article-title":"How are you getting by? Coping in developmental coordination disorder versus attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"86","author":"EJ Meachon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Occup Ther"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.06.019","article-title":"Atypical within- and between-hemisphere motor network functional connections in children with developmental coordination disorder and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"12","author":"KR McLeod","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2018.11.005","article-title":"Empathy, social relationship and co-occurrence in young adults with DCD","volume":"63","author":"M Tal Saban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0357815.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1080\/01942630802574932","article-title":"Self-concept of boys with Developmental Coordination Disorder","volume":"29","author":"N Cocks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys Occup Ther Pediatr"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-79515-3_9","article-title":"The Sense of Coherence: The Concept and Its Relationship to Health.","author":"M Eriksson","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Handbook of Salutogenesis"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12114","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.12114","article-title":"Patient-reported hope, quality of life (QOL), symptom burden, and coping mechanisms in early phase clinical trial participants","volume":"40","author":"D Lundquist","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357815.ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12007","article-title":"Coordination difficulties and self-esteem: a review and findings from a New Zealand survey","volume":"59","author":"M Eggleston","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust Occup Ther J"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0357815.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13573","article-title":"Internet addiction and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: Effects of anxiety, depression and self-esteem","volume":"60","author":"\u00d6 Kahraman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0357815.ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-025-02752-3","article-title":"Developmental relations between ADHD and self-esteem: evaluating peer problems as a mediating mechanism","volume":"34","author":"A Russell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2023.104640","article-title":"How developmental coordination disorder affects daily life: The adolescent perspective","volume":"144","author":"F Khairati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0357815.ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-018-0277-6","article-title":"The positive aspects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a qualitative investigation of successful adults with ADHD","volume":"11","author":"JA Sedgwick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atten Defic Hyperact Disord"},{"key":"pone.0357815.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1080\/00094056.2006.10522822","article-title":"Thinking positively: How some characteristics of ADHD can be adaptive and accepted in the classroom","volume":"82","author":"J Sherman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Educ"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0357815.ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1177\/10870547231167512","article-title":"\u201cI\u2019m Doing Okay\u201d: Strengths and Resilience of Children With and Without ADHD","volume":"27","author":"E Charabin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Atten Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357815.ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1080\/17518423.2017.1387873","article-title":"The relation between emotional intelligence and resilience in at-risk populations","volume":"21","author":"AW McCrimmon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Neurorehabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0357815.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1177\/10870547211025629","article-title":"Are There Resilient Children with ADHD?","volume":"26","author":"ESM Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Atten Disord"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0357815","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T17:38:09Z","timestamp":1789493889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0357815"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Trinidad","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo","place":["SPAIN"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0357815","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}}}