{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:58:32Z","timestamp":1790362712009,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cananguchales, forested wetlands dominated by\n                    <jats:italic>Mauritia flexuosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are strategic ecosystems in the Amazonian foothills due to their contribution to ecosystem goods and services. However, their high vulnerability to climate variability and the progressive degradation caused by the global crisis demand new tools for their valuation and sustainable management. This study evaluated the ecological sustainability of Cananguchales through emergy indicators that allow biocountable monitoring of the efficiency and performance of their ecological wealth. Indicators of Ecological Loading, Sustainable Emergy, Investment, Yield, and Renewability were applied within a non-experimental design using a quantitative, applied, and deductive\u2013projective approach. Using ecological data and energy flow equations, values were estimated in joules, later transformed into solar emergy joules and emergy-based US dollars using standardized factors. The results showed a high proportion of renewable energy inputs (&gt;99%) over five consecutive years, demonstrating high energy efficiency and ecological stability. A unified biocountable structure was established for these wetlands. The emergy indicators applied here are established tools; the contribution of the study lies at the level of accounting recognition, namely the integration of emergy synthesis into a formal double-entry biocountable structure in which ecological flows are recognised as debit assets and credit liabilities and closed into an ecological equity balance. It is concluded that this accounting-recognition structure provides an operational route for objectively valuing strategic ecosystems and guiding decisions towards their conservation and sustainability in the Amazonian context.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0358076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:59:44Z","timestamp":1790359184000},"page":"e0358076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emergy evaluation of ecological sustainability in Cananguchales (Mauritia flexuosa): A biocountable approach in the Amazonian foothills"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"V\u00edctor Julio","family":"Balanta Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Amazonia","place":["Florencia, Caquet\u00e1, Colombia"],"department":["Faculty of Accounting"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6433-0402","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oscar","family":"Fabian Pati\u00f1o Perdomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Amazonia","place":["Florencia, Caquet\u00e1, Colombia"],"department":["Faculty of Engineering"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4282-1782","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Faver","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Amazonia","place":["Florencia, Caquet\u00e1, Colombia"],"department":["Faculty of Agricultural Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0358076.ref001","first-page":"191","article-title":"Caracterizaci\u00f3n, uso y manejo de la mastofauna asociada a los morichales de los llanos orientales colombianos","author":"F Trujillo","year":"2016","journal-title":"XIV. Morichales, Cananguchales y otros palmares inundables de Suram\u00e9rica"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2022.110955","article-title":"Late Holocene peatland palm swamp (aguajal) development, carbon deposition and environment changes in the Madre de Dios region, southeastern Peru","volume":"594","author":"B Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref003","volume-title":"Transici\u00f3n de la contabilidad convencional a la biocontabilidad: perspectivas para la sustentabilidad","author":"JA Mej\u00eda","year":"2019"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.24142\/rvc.n20a2","article-title":"Buscando la ruta de medici\u00f3n \u2013 valoraci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica no monetaria en la T3C","volume":"20","author":"H \u00c1lvarez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revista Visi\u00f3n Contable"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref005","article-title":"Emergy accounts.","author":"MT Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Handbook of Ecological Economics"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref006","unstructured":"Franco DP. Hacia unos fundamentos ontol\u00f3gicos de la ecocontabilidad. Universidad Libre. 2019. https:\/\/repository.unilibre.edu.co\/handle\/10901\/22266"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0358076.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4148\/2378-5977.1087","article-title":"Irrigation Scheduling Based on Soil Moisture Sensors and Evapotranspiration","volume":"1","author":"J Aguilar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref008","unstructured":"Andrade LJ. Morichales: para\u00edsos subacu\u00e1ticos de Suram\u00e9rica. Revista de Biolog\u00eda Tropical. 2019."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0358076.ref009","first-page":"101","article-title":"La ecocontabilidad como sistema autopoi\u00e9tico de la bi\u00f3sfera","volume":"14","author":"M Franco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revista de Investigaci\u00f3n Ambiental"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref010","first-page":"42","article-title":"Sustainability science and the concept of future solidarity","volume":"105","author":"S Kagan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Futures"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0358076.ref011","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis sobre la aplicabilidad de las herramientas de gesti\u00f3n ambiental para el manejo de los humedales naturales interiores de Colombia","volume":"11","author":"MAH Arango","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gesti\u00f3n y Ambiente"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref012","first-page":"123","article-title":"Energy storage and ecosystem functions: A systems ecology approach","volume":"265","author":"M Benzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecological Modelling"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref013","volume-title":"Sustaining our Natural Resources","author":"BR Davies","year":"2010"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0358076.ref014","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Sustainability and intergenerational equity: implications for decision-making","volume":"70","author":"M Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecological Economics"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref015","volume-title":"Ecolog\u00eda pol\u00edtica: los l\u00edmites de la sustentabilidad","author":"RP Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2003"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0358076.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1108\/01443570110410865","article-title":"The sustainability debate","volume":"21","author":"A Wilkinson","year":"2001","journal-title":"International Journal of Operations & Production Management"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref017","first-page":"137","article-title":"Emergy accounting for sustainability assessment: strengths and challenges","volume":"85","author":"G Bravo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358076.ref018","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sustainability is not enough","volume":"20","author":"P Marcuse","year":"2016","journal-title":"City"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358076.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1177\/1065912908318322","article-title":"Political and Social Foundations for Environmental Sustainability","volume":"62","author":"AB Whitford","year":"2008","journal-title":"Political Research Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358076.ref020","first-page":"22","article-title":"La contabilidad para la sustentabilidad: modelos de valoraci\u00f3n ambiental integral","volume":"12","author":"D Ceballos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revista Colombiana de Contabilidad"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mej\u00eda E, Montilla O, Montes CA, Mora G. Teor\u00eda tridimensional de la contabilidad T3C (versi\u00f3n 2.0): desarrollos, avances y temas propuestos. 2014;11(2):95\u2013120.","DOI":"10.18041\/1657-2815\/libreempresa.2014v11n2.3027"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref022","first-page":"368","article-title":"Emergy accounting for sustainable agriculture in China","volume":"45","author":"J Dai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0358076.ref023","first-page":"1189","article-title":"Ecological accounting: Integrating ecology into financial systems","volume":"70","author":"Y Ji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecological Economics"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref024","volume-title":"Environmental accounting: emergy and environmental decision-making","author":"HT Odum","year":"1996"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref025","first-page":"65","article-title":"Emergy accounting of environmental services: prospects for a sustainable economy","volume":"210","author":"RM Pulselli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecological Modelling"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0358076.ref026","first-page":"318","article-title":"Emergy accounting for renewables: Assessing the environmental load of photovoltaic technologies","volume":"12","author":"RM Pulselli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref027","first-page":"223","article-title":"Emergy-based sustainability assessment of typical farming systems in China","volume":"45","author":"L Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2014.04.033","article-title":"Ecological accounting for an integrated \u201cpig\u2013biogas\u2013fish\u201d system based on emergetic indicators","volume":"47","author":"XF Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref029","first-page":"572","article-title":"Areal empower density, unit emergy values, and emformation.","volume-title":"Emergy Synthesis 3: Theory and Applications of the Emergy Methodology","author":"MT. Brown","year":"2005"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref030","first-page":"155","article-title":"An energy hierarchy law for biogeochemical cycles","volume":"93","author":"HT Odum","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ecological Modelling"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-8009(96)00046-8","article-title":"Embodied energy analysis and EMERGY analysis: a comparative view","volume":"19","author":"MT Brown","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ecological Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358076.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.1997.95468.x","article-title":"Ecological Sustainability as a Conservation Concept","volume":"11","author":"JB Callicott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Conservation Biology"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1571-0653(04)00064-2","article-title":"On the rationale of the transformity method.","volume-title":"Emergy Synthesis 2: Theory and Applications of the Emergy Methodology","author":"D. Collins","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref034","volume-title":"La pedag\u00f3gica latinoamericana","author":"ED Dussel","year":"1980"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref035","article-title":"Differential bases of emergy algebra.","volume-title":"Emergy Synthesis 3: Theory and Applications of the Emergy Methodology","author":"C. Giannantoni","year":"2005"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref036","unstructured":"Felix E. Integrated energy, environmental and financial analysis of biofuel production from switchgrass, hybrid poplar, soybean, and castorbean. College Park: University of Maryland. 2006."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0358076.ref037","first-page":"834","article-title":"Emergy analysis and environmental accounting","volume":"9","author":"PL Lomas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"28","key":"pone.0358076.ref038","first-page":"243","article-title":"Contabilidad ambiental y evaluaci\u00f3n de sustentabilidad","volume":"15","author":"S L\u00f3pez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista de Econom\u00eda Institucional"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref039","first-page":"284","article-title":"Emergy-based ecological footprint assessment of agroecosystems","volume":"75","author":"Y Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0358076.ref040","first-page":"77","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n emerg\u00e9tica y sustentabilidad de sistemas ecol\u00f3gicos","volume":"49","author":"J Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revista de Ciencias Ambientales"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0358076.ref041","first-page":"518","article-title":"Emergy accounting for sustainability evaluation: A study case in Peru","volume":"10","author":"R Siche","year":"2006","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref042","first-page":"35","article-title":"Emergy-based ecological compensation for agricultural ecosystems","volume":"76","author":"L Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0358076.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2008.10.013","article-title":"Integrated energy, environmental and financial analysis of ethanol production from cellulosic switchgrass","volume":"34","author":"E Felix","year":"2009","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref044","volume-title":"Metodolog\u00eda de la investigaci\u00f3n: las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta","author":"SR Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","edition":"1"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0358076.ref045","first-page":"15","article-title":"Fundamentos de la contabilidad para la sustentabilidad: emergencia de la biocontabilidad","volume":"16","author":"JA Mej\u00eda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revista de Ciencias Contables y Administrativas"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref046","unstructured":"Vivas MB, Brown MT. Areal Empower Density and Landscape Development Intensity (LDI) Indices for Wetlands of the Bayou Meto Watershed, Arkansas. 2006."},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref047","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez J. Valoraci\u00f3n emerg\u00e9tica en agroecolog\u00eda como medida de sostenibilidad. Caso: sistemas productivos de la zona centro-norte del Valle del Cauca. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358076.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-8574(96)00252-2","article-title":"Interface ecosystems with an oil spill in a Venezuelan tropical savannah","volume":"8","author":"M Alejandro Prado-Jatar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0358076.ref049","first-page":"2253","article-title":"Emergy-based sustainability assessment for the Chinese society","volume":"221","author":"L Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecological Modelling"},{"key":"pone.0358076.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.034","article-title":"Dynamic emergy accounting for assessing the environmental benefits of subtropical wetland stormwater management systems","volume":"192","author":"DR Tilley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecological Modelling"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0358076.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-8574(01)00082-9","article-title":"Emergy valuation of diversions of river water to marshes in the Mississippi River Delta","volume":"18","author":"JF Martin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0358076","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:59:53Z","timestamp":1790359193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0358076"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vinod","family":"Ayyappan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok","place":["THAILAND"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0358076","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}}}