{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T19:02:41Z","timestamp":1789498961121,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program (Natural Science) Youth Guidance Project","award":["QKHJC QN[2026]020-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QKHJC QN[2026]020-03"]}]},{"name":"the High-Level Talent Research Start-up Project of Guizhou Communications Polytechnic University","award":["KYQD2026009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYQD2026009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A statistical damage model incorporating multifractal characteristics is proposed for micro-fractured rocks subjected to pore water pressure. Based on the assumption that microelement strength follows a Weibull distribution, the unified strength theory is adopted as the statistical variable, and a relative fractal dimension \u03bb is introduced to quantitatively characterize the heterogeneity and anisotropy of the material, thereby establishing a statistical damage model for the rock, which is finally validated through experiments. The results show that: (1) The model predictions agree well with test curves, effectively reflecting the mechanical responses under varying pore water pressures; (2) Increasing pore water pressure accelerates damage evolution, lowers the critical damage threshold, and promotes rock failure; (3) A larger relative fractal dimension \u03bb reduces microelement strength concentration, brittleness, damage threshold, and overall strength, making the rock more prone to instability. This study provides a reference for safety analysis of rock engineering under stress\u2011seepage coupling conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0358254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:04:53Z","timestamp":1789495493000},"page":"e0358254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Statistical damage model of rock considering pore water pressure and multifractal characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yonghui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Communications Polytechnic University","place":["Guiyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0459-5453","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fangtao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Finance Bureau of Suihua 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