{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:12:31Z","timestamp":1789150351876,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The escalating challenge of antimicrobial resistance require a continuous search for novel compounds with therapeutic potential. The approach of linking traditional practices and knowledge with evidence-based preclinical studies can help minimize the resource-intensive process of drug screening.\n                    <jats:italic>Rumex abyssinicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an important plant species used in Ethiopian traditional medicine, and this study aims to conduct a phytochemical analysis of root extracts of\n                    <jats:italic>R. abyssinicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and determine its antimicrobial activity.\n                    <jats:italic>R. abyssinicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    roots were extracted in six solvents of different polarities. Agar well-diffusion assays of the extracts were performed against type culture bacterial strains, clinically bacterial isolates, and fungi, while the tube dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts. The ground root powder was refluxed with acetonitrile (1:10 w\/v) and analyzed using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass-spectrometry. A one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc multiple comparisons was performed, and differences were considered statistically significant at p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05. The root extract of\n                    <jats:italic>R. abyssinicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed antimicrobial activity against type culture bacteria and clinical isolates, and fungi. Extraction with different solvents yielded extracts with varying antimicrobial activities. The extracts showed a varied range of antimicrobial activities against the test organisms, with inhibition zones of 11\u201325 mm for bacteria and 9\u201324 mm for fungi. The MIC range fell between 12.5 and 100 mg\/mL. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of major compounds such as emodin (30%), chrysophanol (18%), physcion (16%), helminthosporin (12%), citreorosein (11%) and emodic acid (8%) which are envisaged to have functional roles in chemical defense against the tested organisms. The susceptibilities of the tested bacteria and fungi varied depending on the type of solvent used for extraction and extract concentration. Enhanced antimicrobial activities were observed against the entire panel of bacteria compared to those against the test fungi. The results support the traditional use of\n                    <jats:italic>R. abyssinicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    for treating infectious diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0358267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:57:29Z","timestamp":1789149449000},"page":"e0358267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vitro antimicrobial potential and phytochemical analysis of root extracts of Rumex abyssinicus from southern Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2408-3045","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gemechu","family":"Ameya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University","place":["Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"department":["Department of Microbial Sciences and Genetics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1146-8093","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aseer","family":"Manilal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Komar University of Science and Technology","place":["Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan region, Iraq"],"department":["Department of Medical Laboratory Science"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mujib","family":"Abdulkadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University","place":["Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"department":["Department of Microbial Sciences and Genetics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tegenu","family":"Gelana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University","place":["Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"department":["Department of Microbial Sciences and Genetics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuzhunellil Raghavanpillai","family":"Sabu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Arba Minch University","place":["Arba Minch, Ethiopia"],"department":["Department of Chemistry"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0358267.ref001","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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