{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:01:33Z","timestamp":1790359293730,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014137","name":"Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025SKMR-40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025SKMR-40"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014137","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014137","name":"Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SHDC12025618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHDC12025618"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014137","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n In China, there are two primary models for medical doctorate training. This study seeks to conduct a comparative analysis of the research outputs and clinical competence for orthopedic doctoral surgeons under these two models, aiming to provide a reference for the further optimization of training programs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Basic information, research output, and clinical performance data were systematically collected from orthopedic surgeons employed at the National Center for Orthopedics of a public tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2022. Inter-group comparisons were conducted using the Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Binary logistic regression analysis was additionally adopted to quantify the magnitude of the association between medical training background and research outputs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The median ages of orthopedic surgeons from the eight-year program and traditional medical education backgrounds were 31.0 years and 34.5 years, respectively (p\u2009<\u20090.001). After adjusting for gender and seniority, orthopedic surgeons with traditional medical education significantly outperformed their eight-year program counterparts in leading national-level research projects (OR=5.13, 95%CI:1.55\u201316.97) and provincial\/ministerial-level research projects (OR=4.68, 95%CI: 1.38\u201315.92). However, the two groups demonstrated comparable performance in terms of surgical difficulty and volume.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Orthopedic surgeons from the eight-year program exhibit a more accelerated career progression compared to those from traditional medical education backgrounds. However, their research potential requires further development. Efforts should be made to enhance their research literacy and innovation capability while maintaining clinical performance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0358770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:36:56Z","timestamp":1790357816000},"page":"e0358770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of research outputs and clinical competence between orthopedic surgeons from two training pathways: A single-center study at a Chinese tertiary general hospital"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"],"department":["Department of Human Resource"]},{"name":"Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"],"department":["Hospital Management Research Center"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0796-3386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"],"department":["Department of Human Resource"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358770.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2302677","DOI":"10.1080\/10872981.2024.2302677","article-title":"Thinkings on the reform of medical education system in China","volume":"29","author":"H Tie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Educ 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among orthopedic patients: a study base on disease diagnosis-related groups","volume":"25","author":"L Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chin J Infect Control"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0358770.ref011","first-page":"70","article-title":"Student evaluation and analysis on the quality of eight-year clinical medical education","volume":"45","author":"CC Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Philos"},{"issue":"61","key":"pone.0358770.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.34069\/AI\/2023.61.01.18","article-title":"Impact of communication competencies, job requirements and academic performance on students\u2019 career development at the University of Hail, Saudi Arabia","volume":"12","author":"SA Alshammari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ai"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358770.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2025.102987","article-title":"Development of a community-focused emergency response tool for medication-related preparedness","volume":"66","author":"S Schneider","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0358770.ref014","first-page":"628","article-title":"Practice and improvement of scientific research training for medical undergraduates of eight-year program","volume":"42","author":"M Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Med Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0358770.ref015","first-page":"12","article-title":"Survey report on cultivating research abilities of clinical eight-year medical students","author":"YJ Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"China Higher Med Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0358770.ref016","first-page":"401","article-title":"Mental health status and influencing factors among undergraduate students in an eight-year clinical medicine program at a medical college affiliated with a university in Beijing","volume":"38","author":"J Qiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin J School 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