{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:59:50Z","timestamp":1790359190955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Social Responsibility, Hospital Alem\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","award":["PROADI-SUS, Specialization Course in Clinical Research"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROADI-SUS, Specialization Course in Clinical Research"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00xmzb398","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    To identify and analyze the main challenges and opportunities of clinical field research from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu\u2019s reflexive sociology, using the experiences of the Fiocruz Clinical Research Platform in Brazil as a case study. A convergent mixed-methods study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 51 research team members linked to Fiocruz calls for proposals. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis supported by MAXQDA, grounded in the analytical categories of field,\n                    <jats:italic>habitus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and capital. The sample comprised predominantly women (76.5%) and highly qualified professionals with graduate degrees (80.4%). Logistical challenges were almost ubiquitous (96.1%), with access to remote locations being the most frequently cited barrier (82.4%), highlighting geographic isolation as a major constraint on knowledge production. Ethical challenges were reported by 52.9% of the agents, with obtaining the Informed Consent Form or Assent Form being the most frequent barrier (35.3%). This challenge was largely driven by participants\u2019 comprehension difficulties (61.1%), misinformation (55.6%), and mistrust (50.0%). Notably, the study revealed an engagement paradox: although 90.2% of researchers perceived direct impact on the community as a significant opportunity, inclusive practices remained scarce. Specifically, 80.4% did not consult local leaders, and 88.2% did not integrate community residents into the field teams. The logistical and ethical barriers reflect structural vulnerabilities and capital asymmetries in the scientific field, where the researcher\u2019s symbolic authority often legitimizes social distance from the territory. Consolidating clinical field research as a driver of equity within the Unified Health System (SUS) depends on the institutional capacity to convert scientific capital into social capital. It is imperative to transcend technocratic perspectives by institutionalizing operational risk management and strengthening symmetrical dialogues that recognize communities as subjects with legitimate cultural capital.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0359217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:26:33Z","timestamp":1790357193000},"page":"e0359217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Challenges and opportunities in clinical field research: A Bourdieusian analysis of Fiocruz\u2019s experience in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3756-1859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Renata Caldeira","family":"Diniz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Responsibility, Hospital Alem\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9845-1752","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jocieli","family":"Malacarne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e1ssia Ronise Senra","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Responsibility, Hospital Alem\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia Cristina Senra Marinho de","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Scholar","place":["Varginha, Minas Gerais, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3666-0778","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Natalia Pacheco de","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais Regina Ara\u00fajo dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Bastos","family":"Daher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio Castro Alves de Lima e","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla Regina da Silva","family":"Gram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Responsibility, Hospital Alem\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","place":["S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"name":"Clinical Research Platform, Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359217.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-81232004000200008","article-title":"Health Research Institutes [Institutos de Pesquisa em Sa\u00fade","volume":"9","author":"EP Camargo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ci\u00eanc Sa\u00fade Coletiva"},{"key":"pone.0359217.ref002","unstructured":"Brazil. Law No. 14,874, of May 28, 2024. Official Gazette of the Union [Di\u00e1rio Oficial da Uni\u00e3o. 2024: 6."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359217.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1590\/1983-80422018262237","article-title":"Clinical research from the perspective of integrity [Pesquisa cl\u00ednica sob a \u00f3tica da integridade","volume":"26","author":"AGDS Feij\u00f3","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Bio\u00e9t"},{"key":"pone.0359217.ref004","author":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation","year":"2025"},{"key":"pone.0359217.ref005","volume-title":"Vice-Presidency of Research and Biological Collections - Integrated Report 2023 [Relat\u00f3rio Integrado 2023]","author":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359217.ref006","first-page":"149","article-title":"Scientific and Academic Research Methodology [Metodologia da Pesquisa Cient\u00edfica e Acad\u00eamica","volume":"1","author":"A Lunetta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Revista OWL"},{"key":"pone.0359217.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-11042019s511","article-title":"Health research in Brazil: challenges to be faced [A pesquisa em sa\u00fade no Brasil: desafios a enfrentar].","volume":"43","author":"ADO Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sa\u00fade Debate"},{"key":"pone.0359217.ref008","volume-title":"Why health research? 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