{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:03:22Z","timestamp":1790359402968,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 82171869 and No. 81671859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 82171869 and No. 81671859"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Previous studies have suggested that aldosterone is potentially involved in the development of motion sickness and that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) may inhibit it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effects of ANP on aldosterone activity in motion sickness and on aldosterone-induced changes in endolymph volume in the inner ear. We found that rotatory stimulation induced an elevation in plasma aldosterone levels, intraperitoneal aldosterone injection caused motion sickness-like responses in both guinea pigs and mice, and ANP inhibited these responses. Moreover, aldosterone injection induced an increase in inner ear endolymph volume in guinea pigs, whereas ANP alleviated this endolymph expansion. In addition, mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression was increased in the inner ear tissues after rotatory stimulation and aldosterone injection, and in cultured vestibular epithelial cells after aldosterone treatment, whereas ANP reduced MR expression. In cultured vestibular epithelial cells, ANP reduced the aldosterone-induced nuclear distribution of MR, as well as the expression of ENaC and Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -ATPase and the membrane distribution of Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -ATPase. Furthermore, ANP inhibited the aldosterone-induced increase in the intracellular K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    concentration in cells incubated with a simulated endolymph fluid, and the increase in intracellular Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    concentration in cells incubated with an extracellular solution. In conclusion, the present results suggest that ANP may play an anti-motion sickness role by reducing the plasma aldosterone levels and inhibiting aldosterone-induced endolymph expansion by downregulating downstream target protein expression and activities, thereby altering the resultant ion concentrations in the inner ear epithelial cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0359426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:48:36Z","timestamp":1790358516000},"page":"e0359426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Atrial natriuretic peptide may inhibit motion sickness through reducing aldosterone-induced increase in endolymph volume of the inner ear"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Qian-Cheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong University","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China"],"department":["Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Nantong and Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Nantong University","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China"],"department":["Department of Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong University","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China"],"department":["Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Gang","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Nantong and Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Nantong University","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China"],"department":["Department of Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Hua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong University","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China"],"department":["Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7134-5511","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zheng-Lin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong University","place":["Nantong, Jiangsu, China"],"department":["Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001018","article-title":"Motion sickness: Current concepts and management","volume":"35","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref002","article-title":"Motion Sickness","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"V Takov","year":"2026"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref003","article-title":"Motion sickness: An overview","volume":"8","author":"AKC Leung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drugs Context"},{"issue":"41","key":"pone.0359426.ref004","first-page":"687","article-title":"The neurophysiology and treatment of motion sickness","volume":"115","author":"A Koch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0359426.ref005","first-page":"995","article-title":"Serum levels of eleven steroid hormones following motion sickness","volume":"56","author":"GK Stalla","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref006","first-page":"121","article-title":"Changes of plasma endocrine hormone in pilots under Coriolis acceleration","volume":"11","author":"Y Dai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Space Med Med Eng (Beijing)"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref007","first-page":"301","article-title":"Hormonal status and fluid electrolyte metabolism in motion sickness","volume":"59","author":"AI Grigoriev","year":"1988","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref008","first-page":"7","article-title":"Changes of some hormones and inorganic salts in evoked motion sickness","volume":"8","author":"JS Pei","year":"1995","journal-title":"Space Med Med Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0359426.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.27765","article-title":"Water and sodium balance in space","volume":"38","author":"C Drummer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240000332","article-title":"Renal adjustments to microgravity","volume":"441","author":"P Norsk","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00547","article-title":"Human pathophysiological adaptations to the space environment","volume":"8","author":"GC Demontis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(94)90023-X","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid type I receptor in the rat cochlea: mRNA identification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization","volume":"78","author":"H Furuta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(93)90088-I","article-title":"High affinity aldosterone binding sites (type I receptors) in the mammalian inner ear","volume":"69","author":"DZ Pitovski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0359426.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489609137879","article-title":"Localization of the mineralocorticoid receptor in rat cochlear tissue","volume":"116","author":"X Yao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0359426.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489509139380","article-title":"[3H]-aldosterone binding sites (type I receptors) in the lateral wall of the cochlea: distribution assessment by quantitative autoradiography","volume":"115","author":"PK Sinha","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409126037","article-title":"Immunolocalization of Na, K -ATPase, Ca2 -ATPase, calcium-binding proteins, and carbonic anhydrase in the guinea pig inner ear","volume":"114","author":"I Ichimiya","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(94)90066-3","article-title":"Na,K-ATPase alpha and beta subunit isoform distribution in the rat cochlear and vestibular tissues","volume":"75","author":"WJ ten Cate","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0359426.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1177\/42.7.8014467","article-title":"Distribution of immunoreactive alpha- and beta-subunit isoforms of Na,K-ATPase in the gerbil inner ear","volume":"42","author":"JP McGuirt","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.2014.0010","article-title":"Expression of ENaC, SGK1 and Nedd4 isoforms in the cochlea of guinea pig","volume":"52","author":"S-X Zhong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Folia Histochem Cytobiol"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6793-11-4","article-title":"Sodium selectivity of Reissner\u2019s membrane epithelial cells","volume":"11","author":"M Yamazaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2014.400","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces the \u03b1-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel mRNA expression in the mouse stria vascularis","volume":"3","author":"Y Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31819a8e0e","article-title":"Functional and molecular expression of epithelial sodium channels in cultured human endolymphatic sac epithelial cells","volume":"30","author":"SH Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489609137833","article-title":"Hormonal modulation of inner ear fluids","volume":"116","author":"E Ferrary","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.02.077","article-title":"Hormones and the auditory system: A review of physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"153","author":"D Al-Mana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0359426.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00143.2002","article-title":"Concerted action of ENaC, Nedd4-2, and Sgk1 in transepithelial Na(+) transport","volume":"283","author":"E Kamynina","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0359426.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016020124","article-title":"Coordinated control of ENaC and Na+,K+-ATPase in renal collecting duct","volume":"27","author":"E Feraille","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489709117984","article-title":"Two-phase endolymphatic hydrops: A new dynamic guinea pig model","volume":"117","author":"EA Dunnebier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0359426.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2017.1309681","article-title":"Effect of aldosterone on cochlear Af9 expression and hearing in guinea pig","volume":"137","author":"L Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-00994-y","article-title":"Aldosterone inhibits Dot1l expression in guinea pig cochlea","volume":"28","author":"S Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0359426.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1159\/000539586","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide alleviates motion sickness potentially through regulating endolymph volume in the inner ear increased by arginine vasopressin","volume":"114","author":"L-H Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0359426.ref031","first-page":"462","article-title":"A stimulator for laboratory studies of motion sickness in cats","volume":"56","author":"GH Crampton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0359426.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1159\/000088991","article-title":"Plasma vasopressin, an etiologic factor of motion sickness in rat and human?","volume":"81","author":"X Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref033","first-page":"133","article-title":"Aldosterone-induced \u03b1ENaC expression is associated with NF-\u03baB activity in guinea pig cochlea","volume":"18","author":"Q Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Otol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0359426.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101045","article-title":"Age-related hearing loss: Prevention of threshold declines, cell loss and apoptosis in spiral ganglion neurons","volume":"8","author":"RD Frisina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02356-z","article-title":"RhANP attenuates endotoxin-derived cognitive dysfunction through subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve-mediated gut microbiota-brain axis","volume":"18","author":"Y Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00014-4","article-title":"Compared effects of natriuretic peptides on ovalbumin-induced asthmatic model","volume":"346","author":"H Ohbayashi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001331","article-title":"Assessment of cochlea endolymphatic hydrops using 3-D FLAIR and 3-D real IR sequence in guinea pigs via 3T mri after intratympanic gadolinium: A histopathological comparison","volume":"38","author":"F Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-011-9333-7","article-title":"In vitro cultured primary cells from a human utricle explant possesses hair cell like characteristics","volume":"42","author":"RJ Marano","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mol Histol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0359426.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-022-02732-5","article-title":"Regulation of distal tubule sodium transport: Mechanisms and roles in homeostasis and pathophysiology","volume":"474","author":"D Pearce","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00289","article-title":"Computing endolymph hydrodynamics during head impulse test on normal and hydropic vestibular labyrinth models","volume":"11","author":"J Rey-Martinez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727672","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.727672","article-title":"Enhanced eye velocity with backup saccades in vHIT tests of a Meni\u00e8re disease patient: A case report","volume":"8","author":"MM Soriano-Reixach","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2023.05.001","article-title":"Comparison of clinical characteristics and vestibular function test results in patients with vestibular migraine and Meni\u00e8re\u2019s disease","volume":"89","author":"Y Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0359426.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00164.2014","article-title":"ANP-induced signaling cascade and its implications in renal pathophysiology","volume":"308","author":"F Theilig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0359426.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00464636","article-title":"The presence and localization of receptors for atrial natriuretic peptide in the inner ear of the guinea pig","volume":"245","author":"J Lamprecht","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref045","first-page":"577","article-title":"Detection of atrial natriuretic peptide receptor in the labyrinth of the mouse inner ear","volume":"29","author":"L Long","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0359426.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1073354","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide modulates auditory brainstem response of rat","volume":"135","author":"YJ Yoon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(95)00135-3","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide participates in the regulation of vestibular blood flow","volume":"89","author":"JD Rachel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18837","article-title":"MANP (M-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) reduces blood pressure and furosemide-induced increase in aldosterone in hypertension","volume":"79","author":"NA Dzhoyashvili","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107863","article-title":"The natriuretic peptide system in heart failure: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications","volume":"227","author":"K Kuwahara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0359426.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-115-5-2026","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic factor inhibits the stimulation of aldosterone secretion by angiotensin II, ACTH and potassium in vitro and angiotensin II-induced steroidogenesis in vivo","volume":"115","author":"L Chartier","year":"1984","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0359426.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-115-4-1636","article-title":"Specific receptor-mediated inhibition by synthetic atrial natriuretic factor of hormone-stimulated steroidogenesis in cultured bovine adrenal cells","volume":"115","author":"A De L\u00e9an","year":"1984","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0359426.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.10.001","article-title":"The role of natriuretic peptides in cardioprotection","volume":"69","author":"T Nishikimi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0359426.ref053","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide: structure, function, and physiological effects: A narrative review","volume":"17","author":"S Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0359426.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2000001000001","article-title":"Role of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis in the control of the response to stress and infection","volume":"33","author":"SM McCann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"pone.0359426.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076799","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1076799","article-title":"Guanylyl cyclase\/natriuretic peptide receptor-A: Identification, molecular characterization, and physiological genomics","volume":"15","author":"KN Pandey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0359426.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-25-0265","article-title":"Tissue-specific expression and regulation of the mineralocorticoid receptor during development","volume":"268","author":"L Martinerie","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0359426","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:48:45Z","timestamp":1790358525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0359426"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Md Ekhtear","family":"Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern University and A&M College","place":["UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0359426","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}}}