{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:59:52Z","timestamp":1790618392510,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) encompasses a group of challenging pigmentary disorders characterized by dermal melanophages and variable lichenoid interface inflammation. Non-ablative dermal remodeling lasers (NADRL), which target water rather than melanin, have been proposed as a potential therapeutic option through neocollagenesis and modulation of the dermal microenvironment. However, the evidence base for these devices in ADMH has not been systematically characterized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To map and characterize the available evidence on NADRL for the treatment of ADMH, including study designs, laser parameters, clinical outcomes, and safety profiles, and to identify knowledge gaps.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review followed the methodological frameworks of Arksey and O'Malley and Levac et al., and was reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted on June 2, 2026, across PubMed\/MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, DOAJ, Cochrane Central, and clinical trial registries, supplemented by citation tracking. Studies evaluating NADRL (980\u20131940 nm) in patients with ADMH were included. Two reviewers independently screened records and extracted data. A narrative synthesis and risk of bias assessment using Cochrane RoB 2 and JBI checklists were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 193 records identified through electronic database searches, seven studies met inclusion criteria; citation tracking of relevant reviews and included studies did not identify any additional eligible records. These comprised two randomized controlled trials, three retrospective case series, and two case reports, comprising 31 unique patients. The 1550 nm erbium-doped fractional laser was the most frequently investigated device. Two RCTs showed no clinical or histopathological improvement, whereas observational studies reported favorable outcomes, albeit with significant methodological limitations and concomitant therapies. Laser-induced post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) was reported in 23% of patients in one RCT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence supporting NADRL for ADMH remains limited, heterogeneous, and insufficient to establish independent efficacy. The proposed dermal remodeling mechanism remains largely untested, as most studies evaluated only pigmentary outcomes. Future research should prioritize standardized prospective studies with histological, molecular, and imaging endpoints to determine whether these devices provide true disease modification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0359552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:24:47Z","timestamp":1790616287000},"page":"e0359552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Non-ablative dermal remodeling lasers in acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0422-8515","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Virgilio","family":"Blandon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Americana (UAM)","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["Department of Dermatology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halyma","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Enfermer\u00eda \"Dr. Julio Brice\u00f1o D\u00e1vila\"","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["Department of Dermatology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erick","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Enfermer\u00eda \"Dr. Julio Brice\u00f1o D\u00e1vila\"","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["Department of Dermatology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Borge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Enfermer\u00eda \"Dr. Julio Brice\u00f1o D\u00e1vila\"","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["Department of Dermatology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria-Jose","family":"Altamirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Americana (UAM)","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["School of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2645-5197","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Alvarado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Americana (UAM)","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["School of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylys","family":"Leyton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Americana (UAM)","place":["Managua, Nicaragua"],"department":["School of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0359552.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14189","article-title":"A global consensus statement on ashy dermatosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, lichen planus pigmentosus, idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation, and Riehl\u2019s melanosis","volume":"58","author":"SPW Kumarasinghe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"pone.0359552.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_881_20","article-title":"Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: an update","volume":"12","author":"K Vinay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian Dermatology Online Journal"},{"key":"pone.0359552.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890390063008","article-title":"Involvement of cell adhesion and activation molecules in the pathogenesis of erythema dyschromicum perstans (ashy dermatitis). 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