{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:53:50Z","timestamp":1792788830715,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Foundation of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University","award":["KD2024KYJJ073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KD2024KYJJ073"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0442rdt85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Key Research Project on Hospital Management Innovation","award":["JSYGY-2-2024-81"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSYGY-2-2024-81"]}]},{"name":"Key Project on Innovative Research in Health Management","award":["K202406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K202406"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pregnancy is accompanied by substantial physiological adaptations that may alter maternal micronutrient concentrations. A prospective longitudinal pregnancy-neonatal cohort of 51 healthy pregnant women was established at 6\u20138 weeks of gestation in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China, confirmed by fetal heart and bud on B-ultrasound. Pregnancy complications, outcomes, and neonatal health at day 42 were confirmed. Forty-three women who completed all assessments and had uncomplicated pregnancies with favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes were included in the final analysis. Whole-blood trace elements and serum vitamins were quantified during the first trimester (12.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 weeks), second trimester (25.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 weeks), and third trimester (32.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3 weeks) using ICP-MS and UHPLC-MS\/MS. The results showed that copper, calcium, and vitamin D peaked in the second trimester, whereas iron, zinc, magnesium, and lead reached their nadir in the second trimester. Meanwhile, manganese and vitamins E and K increased progressively throughout gestation. In contrast, several B vitamins showed an overall downward trend, while vitamin B12 remained relatively stable. These findings demonstrate clear trimester-specific changes in maternal micronutrient levels during healthy pregnancy. Given the relatively small sample size, these longitudinal data provide preliminary evidence to inform the establishment of region-specific and trimester-specific reference intervals and deficiency thresholds for micronutrients in healthy pregnant women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0360813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:31:16Z","timestamp":1792171876000},"page":"e0360813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fluctuations of micronutrients during pregnancy in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China: A prospective longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lianshuai","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital","place":["Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Research Institute for Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital","place":["Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyuan","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University","place":["Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital","place":["Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital","place":["Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 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