{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:43:41Z","timestamp":1792691021475,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent complication of diabetes linked to chronic inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) are key cytokines implicated in DN pathogenesis. This study investigates the association of IL6 and IL10 gene polymorphisms and serum levels with DN in the Bangladeshi population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case-control study was conducted with 225 participants: diabetic patients with DN (n\u2009=\u200975), diabetic patients without DN (n\u2009=\u200975), and healthy controls (n\u2009=\u200975). Genomic DNA was extracted for genotyping IL-6 (rs1800796) and IL-10 (rs1800896) SNPs via PCR. Serum cytokine levels were measured using ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the DN group than in the other study groups (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), with the highest levels observed among individuals with the IL-6 rs1800796 CC genotype. In unadjusted analyses, the IL-6 CC genotype was associated with increased odds of DN compared with healthy controls (OR = 4.813, 95% CI: 1.752\u201313.85, p\u2009=\u20090.0040), as was the IL-10 GG genotype (OR = 2.679, 95% CI: 1.000\u20136.751, p\u2009=\u20090.0373). However, neither IL-6 nor IL-10 genotype remained independently associated with DN after multivariable adjustment. Serum IL-10 levels did not differ significantly among the study groups (p\u2009=\u20090.0948). Combined genotype analyses showed several nominal associations, although these findings were exploratory. Serum IL-6 showed promising discriminatory ability in distinguishing patients with DN from the other study groups, whereas IL-10 demonstrated limited discriminatory performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings support further investigation of serum IL-6 as a potential candidate biomarker for diabetic neuropathy, whereas the independent contribution of the investigated IL-6 and IL-10 polymorphisms remains uncertain. Larger prospective studies with independent external validation are required before clinical application can be considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0360933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:27:57Z","timestamp":1792690077000},"page":"e0360933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels with genetic variants in diabetic neuropathy: Clinical findings from a Bangladeshi patient cohort"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Rajib","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dhaka","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"department":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7872-0177","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sheikh Zahir","family":"Raihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dhaka","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"department":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamjit","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dhaka","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"department":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Shamsul Arefin","family":"Patwary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dhaka Medical College Hospital","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"department":["Department of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abul Kalam Azad","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Dhaka","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"department":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0360933.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad450","article-title":"New horizons: Epidemiology of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cancer prognosis","volume":"109","author":"S Harborg","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0360933.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.6.1458","article-title":"Diabetic somatic neuropathies","volume":"27","author":"AJM Boulton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes 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