{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:43:36Z","timestamp":1792604616333,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nutritional challenges are a global public health concern, especially among children under five in sub-Saharan African countries. The coexistence of an overweight\/obese mother and an underweight child in the same household is recognized as a dual burden of malnutrition (DBM). This study estimated the prevalence, identified associated factors, and assessed socioeconomic inequalities in DBM among mother-child dyads in Mozambique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used nationally representative, cross-sectional data from the Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey 2022\u20132023 (n\u2009=\u20093,605 mother-child dyads). Child undernutrition and maternal BMI status were calculated using the World Health Organisation (WHO) standard guidelines. The outcome variable, DBM, was defined as the presence of child undernutrition condition (stunting, wasting or underweight) with corresponding maternal overweight\/obesity. Multivariable binary logistic regression, Erreygers\u2019s concentration index, and concentration curve analyses were performed, accounting for the complex survey design, to determine associated factors and social inequalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of DBM was 5.5% [95% CI: 4.6, 6.6]. Mothers aged \u2265 34 years [aOR (95% CI): 4.01(1.44, 11.14); p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05] and mothers with four or more children [aOR (95% CI): 2.68(1.29, 5.57); p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05] had higher odds of DBM. Rural residence and using unimproved toilet facilities (latter an indicator) were also significantly associated with DBM. Additionally, maternal age modified the association between women\u2019s empowerment and mother-child DBM. Women aged 15\u201319 years at the lowest and highest empowerment levels were more likely to experience DBM than women 20 years or older. A positive and statistically significant concentration index indicates that wealth-related inequalities exist, with DBM more concentrated among wealthier mother-child dyads.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights the occurrence of household-level DBM in Mozambique. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions addressing social and economic inequalities, including poor sanitation, a marker of broader household deprivation. Prioritizing integrated maternal-child nutrition interventions within national strategies is essential to improving equity in nutrition and health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0361129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:33:43Z","timestamp":1792604023000},"page":"e0361129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dual burden of malnutrition among mother-child dyads in Mozambique: Findings from the Demographic and Health Survey 2022\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0948-1321","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nahin","family":"Shakurun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan","place":["Saskatoon, SK, Canada"],"department":["Department of Community Health and Epidemiology"]},{"name":"Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit","place":["Saskatoon, SK, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Andr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan","place":["Saskatoon, SK, Canada"],"department":["Department of Community Health and Epidemiology"]},{"name":"Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit","place":["Saskatoon, SK, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6781-5421","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nazeem","family":"Muhajarine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan","place":["Saskatoon, SK, Canada"],"department":["Department of Community Health and Epidemiology"]},{"name":"Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit","place":["Saskatoon, SK, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0361129.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307175","article-title":"The dual burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pairs at the household level in Ethiopia: An urgent public health issue demanding sector-wide collaboration","volume":"19","author":"M Yigezu","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0361129.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237720","article-title":"Factors associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity in reproductive age Tanzanian women","volume":"15","author":"KY Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10217","key":"pone.0361129.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32472-9","article-title":"The double burden of malnutrition: Aetiological pathways and consequences for health","volume":"395","author":"JC Wells","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0361129.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802824","article-title":"The dual burden household and the nutrition transition paradox","volume":"29","author":"CM Doak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"pone.0361129.ref005","unstructured":"The double burden of malnutrition: policy brief. 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