{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:17:57Z","timestamp":1791328677996,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]],"date-time":"2011-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1318464000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]],"date-time":"2011-10-13T21:18:12Z","timestamp":1318540692000},"page":"e1002271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":181,"title":["A Novel Core Genome-Encoded Superantigen Contributes to Lethality of Community-Associated MRSA Necrotizing Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Gillian J.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keun Seok","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn A.","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Connelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia N.","family":"Chuang-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Merriman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitriona M.","family":"Guinane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo Youn","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Bohach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Schlievert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Ivan","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Ross","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1159\/000100856","article-title":"Diversity in Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins.","volume":"93","author":"D Thomas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem Immunol Allergy"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.1.16-34.2000","article-title":"Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"13","author":"MM Dinges","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01388-08","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus superantigens elicit redundant and extensive human Vbeta patterns.","volume":"77","author":"D Thomas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4999","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00045-08","article-title":"Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Staphylococcal Enterotoxins, Types S and T.","volume":"76","author":"HK Ono","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus;","author":"KS Seo","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00681.x","article-title":"The bacterial superantigen and superantigen-like proteins.","volume":"225","author":"JD Fraser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8941","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.22.8941","article-title":"Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus toxin \u201csuperantigens\u201d with human T cells.","volume":"86","author":"YW Choi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90388-U","article-title":"Superantigens interact with MHC class II molecules outside of the antigen groove.","volume":"62","author":"P Dellabona","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00918083","article-title":"Superantigens: biology, immunology, and potential role in disease.","volume":"12","author":"CG Drake","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.4.1065","article-title":"Selective anergy of V beta 8+,CD4+ T cells in Staphylococcus enterotoxin B-primed mice.","volume":"172","author":"Y Kawabe","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.1.63-70.2001","article-title":"Characterization of a putative pathogenicity island from bovine Staphylococcus aureus encoding multiple superantigens.","volume":"183","author":"JR Fitzgerald","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.1.669","article-title":"egc, a highly prevalent operon of enterotoxin gene, forms a putative nursery of superantigens in Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"166","author":"S Jarraud","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4033","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.170.9.4033-4039.1988","article-title":"Staphylococcal enterotoxin B gene is associated with a discrete genetic element.","volume":"170","author":"MB Johns Jr","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2008.01384.x","article-title":"Pathogenomics of the staphylococci: insights into niche adaptation and the emergence of new virulent strains.","volume":"289","author":"NL Ben Zakour","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45863-0","article-title":"Superantigen genes encoded by the egc cluster and SaPIbov are predominant among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cows, goats, sheep, rabbits and poultry.","volume":"54","author":"DS Smyth","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2005.04.007","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of classical and newly described staphylococcal superantigenic toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates.","volume":"246","author":"K Omoe","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe058023","article-title":"Community-associated MRSA--resistance and virulence converge.","volume":"352","author":"HF Chambers","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1086\/344326","article-title":"A novel methicillin-resistance cassette in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates of diverse genetic backgrounds.","volume":"186","author":"RS Daum","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.15.1763","article-title":"Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States.","volume":"298","author":"RM Klevens","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1086\/427148","article-title":"Severe community-onset pneumonia in healthy adults caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes.","volume":"40","author":"JS Francis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68231-7","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of USA300, an epidemic clone of community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"367","author":"BA Diep","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5174","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501140102","article-title":"The complete genomes and proteomes of 27 Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophages.","volume":"102","author":"T Kwan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11827","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01100-06","article-title":"Recombination Patterns in Aphthoviruses Mirror Those Found in Other Picornaviruses.","volume":"80","author":"L Heath","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.2","article-title":"Protein structure prediction on the Web: a case study using the Phyre server.","volume":"4","author":"LA Kelley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6150-2-18","article-title":"Small but versatile: the extraordinary functional and structural diversity of the beta-grasp fold.","volume":"2","author":"AM Burroughs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Direct"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.3.1385","article-title":"Functional Analysis of the TCR Binding Domain of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 Predicts Further Diversity in MHC Class II\/Superantigen\/TCR Ternary Complexes.","volume":"171","author":"JK McCormick","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-8-2","article-title":"A quantitative real time PCR method to analyze T cell receptor Vbeta subgroup expansion by staphylococcal superantigens.","volume":"8","author":"KS Seo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4048","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.10.4048-4054.1997","article-title":"Vbeta-dependent stimulation of bovine and human T cells by host-specific staphylococcal enterotoxins.","volume":"65","author":"JR Deringer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-10-192","article-title":"Genomic analysis reveals extensive gene duplication within the bovine TRB locus.","volume":"10","author":"T Connelley","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1169588","article-title":"The genome sequence of taurine cattle: a window to ruminant biology and evolution.","volume":"324","author":"CG Elsik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.8.593","article-title":"Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children with no identified predisposing risk.","volume":"279","author":"BC Herold","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.5.1430-1437.2002","article-title":"In Vitro Serial Passage of Staphylococcus aureus: Changes in Physiology, Virulence Factor Production, and agr Nucleotide Sequence.","volume":"184","author":"GA Somerville","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1086\/657156","article-title":"Staphylococcal superantigens cause lethal pulmonary disease in rabbits.","volume":"202","author":"KL Strandberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.2.669-676.2006","article-title":"Microarrays reveal that each of the ten dominant lineages of Staphylococcus aureus has a unique combination of surface-associated and regulatory genes.","volume":"188","author":"JA Lindsay","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9786","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402521101","article-title":"Complete genomes of two clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains: evidence for the rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance.","volume":"101","author":"MT Holden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.10.1765","article-title":"The streptococcal superantigen SMEZ exhibits wide allelic variation, mosaic structure, and significant antigenic variation.","volume":"191","author":"T Proft","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909285106","article-title":"Recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"106","author":"BV Lowder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evq031","article-title":"Evolutionary Genomics of Staphylococcus aureus Reveals Insights into the Origin and Molecular Basis of Ruminant Host Adaptation.","volume":"2","author":"CM Guinane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Biol Evol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.10.4254-4262.1993","article-title":"Characterization of novel type C staphylococcal enterotoxins: biological and evolutionary implications.","volume":"61","author":"JC Marr","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.11.3307-3316.2003","article-title":"How clonal is Staphylococcus aureus?","volume":"185","author":"EJ Feil","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8312","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.24.8312-8321.2005","article-title":"Evolutionary Genetics of the Accessory Gene Regulator (agr) Locus in Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"187","author":"DA Robinson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5714","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005714","article-title":"Genetic diversity of staphylocoagulase genes (coa): insight into the evolution of variable chromosomal virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"4","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5883","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900743106","article-title":"Evolution of virulence in epidemic community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"106","author":"M Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.112408.134309","article-title":"Basis of virulence in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"64","author":"M Otto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1086\/657419","article-title":"Comparative analysis of virulence and toxin expression of global community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.","volume":"202","author":"M Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1086\/605333","article-title":"Cytolysins, superantigens, and pneumonia due to community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"200","author":"PM Schlievert","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1086\/590157","article-title":"Comparison of virulence in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pulsotypes USA300 and USA400 in a rat model of pneumonia.","volume":"198","author":"CP Montgomery","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1137165","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin causes necrotizing pneumonia.","volume":"315","author":"M Labandeira-Rey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5587","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0912403107","article-title":"Polymorphonuclear leukocytes mediate Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin-induced lung inflammation and injury.","volume":"107","author":"BA Diep","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1207-1405","article-title":"Poring over pores: alpha-hemolysin and Panton-Valentine leukocidin in Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.","volume":"13","author":"J Bubeck Wardenburg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1086\/597009","article-title":"Extreme pyrexia and rapid death due to Staphylococcus aureus infection: analysis of 2 cases.","volume":"48","author":"AP Assimacopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7169","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.11.7169-7172.2001","article-title":"Comparative analysis of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha activity in serum and lethality in mice and rabbits pretreated with the staphylococcal superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin 1.","volume":"69","author":"MM Dinges","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm092","article-title":"MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) Software Version 4.0.","volume":"24","author":"K Tamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"ref54","article-title":"The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System.","author":"WL DeLano","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp033","article-title":"Jalview Version 2--a multiple sequence alignment editor and analysis workbench.","volume":"25","author":"AM Waterhouse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2005.01.002","article-title":"Transcriptional profiles of regulatory and virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus of bovine origin: oxygen impact and strain-to-strain variations.","volume":"19","author":"C Ster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Probes"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.10.016","article-title":"Platelet receptor polymorphisms do not influence Staphylococcus aureus-platelet interactions or infective endocarditis.","volume":"13","author":"S Daga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2009.08.017","article-title":"Development of serological proteome analysis of mastitis by Staphylococcus aureus in ewes.","volume":"79","author":"C Le Mar\u00e9chal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00049-08","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus PBP4 is essential for beta-lactam resistance in community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains.","volume":"52","author":"G Memmi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.36.1.123-128.1982","article-title":"Enhancement of host susceptibility to lethal endotoxin shock by staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C.","volume":"36","author":"PM Schlievert","year":"1982","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.55.5.1070-1076.1987","article-title":"A rabbit model of toxic shock syndrome that uses a constant, subcutaneous infusion of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1.","volume":"55","author":"J Parsonnet","year":"1987","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"101","article-title":"Techniques for the generation, cloning, and characterization of bovine cytotoxic T cells specific for the protozoan Theileria parva.","volume":"11","author":"BM Goddeeris","year":"1988","journal-title":"Methods Cell Sci"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.22.3.681-688.1978","article-title":"Nonspecific and specific immunological mitogenicity by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins.","volume":"22","author":"EL Barsumian","year":"1978","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"365","article-title":"Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers.","author":"S Rozen","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"455","article-title":"Human T-cell receptor variable gene segment families.","volume":"42","author":"B Arden","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"}],"container-title":["PLoS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T23:57:20Z","timestamp":1593129440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002271"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Frank R.","family":"DeLeo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002271","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]}}}