{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:27:53Z","timestamp":1791980873864,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T18:07:54Z","timestamp":1430935674000},"page":"e1004880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Sequential Conformational Changes in the Morbillivirus Attachment Protein Initiate the Membrane Fusion Process"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nadine","family":"Ader-Ebert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Herren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mislay","family":"Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Bringolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claes","family":"\u00d6rvell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes P.","family":"Langedijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Zurbriggen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard K.","family":"Plemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Plattet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir115","article-title":"Health care-associated measles outbreak in the United States after an importation: challenges and economic impact","volume":"203","author":"SY Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"JInfectDis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Synergizing vaccinations with therapeutics for measles eradication","volume":"9","author":"RK Plemper","year":"2014","journal-title":"ExpertOpinDrug Discov"},{"issue":"232","key":"ref3","first-page":"232ra52","article-title":"An orally available, small-molecule polymerase inhibitor shows efficacy against a lethal morbillivirus infection in a large animal model","volume":"6","author":"SA Krumm","year":"2014","journal-title":"SciTranslMed"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13785","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02436-13","article-title":"Fatal Measles Virus Infection Prevented by Brain-Penetrant Fusion Inhibitors","volume":"87","author":"JC Welsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02417-14","article-title":"Prevention of Measles Virus Infection by Intranasal Delivery of Fusion Inhibitor Peptides","volume":"89","author":"C Mathieu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1449","article-title":"Fields&apos; Virology","author":"RA Lamb","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-004-0958-4","article-title":"Demyelination in canine distemper virus infection: a review","volume":"109","author":"M Vandevelde","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol(Berl)"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02419-12","article-title":"Lethal canine distemper virus outbreak in cynomolgus monkeys in Japan in 2008","volume":"87","author":"K Sakai","year":"2013","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(98)80045-5","article-title":"Morbillivirus infections in aquatic mammals","volume":"119","author":"S Kennedy","year":"1998","journal-title":"JComp Pathol"},{"issue":"6296","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/348021a0","article-title":"Morbillivirus in dolphins","volume":"348","author":"M Domingo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6564","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/379441a0","article-title":"A canine distemper virus epidemic in Serengeti lions (Panthera leo)","volume":"379","author":"ME Roelke-Parker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00413-13","article-title":"Envelope protein dynamics in paramyxovirus entry","volume":"4","author":"P Plattet","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"24","article-title":"Activation of paramyxovirus membrane fusion and virus entry","volume":"5C","author":"TS Jardetzky","year":"2014","journal-title":"CurrOpinVirol"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4024","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.15.4024","article-title":"Membrane fusion machines of paramyxoviruses: capture of intermediates of fusion","volume":"20","author":"CJ Russell","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12867","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05873-11","article-title":"Spring-loaded model revisited: paramyxovirus fusion requires engagement of a receptor binding protein beyond initial triggering of the fusion protein","volume":"85","author":"M Porotto","year":"2011","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref16","first-page":"135","article-title":"Structure of the measles virus hemagglutinin bound to its cellular receptor SLAM","volume":"18","author":"T Hashiguchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"NatStructMolBiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12174","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01222-10","article-title":"Blue native PAGE and biomolecular complementation reveal a tetrameric or higher-order oligomer organization of the physiological measles virus attachment protein H","volume":"84","author":"MA Brindley","year":"2010","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","first-page":"67","article-title":"Structure of measles virus hemagglutinin bound to its epithelial receptor nectin-4","volume":"20","author":"X Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"NatStructMolBiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref19","first-page":"1227","article-title":"Structure of the measles virus hemagglutinin","volume":"14","author":"LA Colf","year":"2007","journal-title":"NatStructMolBiol"},{"issue":"49","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19535","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707830104","article-title":"Crystal structure of measles virus hemagglutinin provides insight into effective vaccines","volume":"104","author":"T Hashiguchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"ProcNatlAcadSciUSA"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref21","first-page":"2448","article-title":"Measles virus blind to its epithelial cell receptor remains virulent in rhesus monkeys but cannot cross the airway epithelium and is not shed","volume":"118","author":"VH Leonard","year":"2008","journal-title":"JClinInvest"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.1.302-313.2004","article-title":"Selectively receptor-blind measles viruses: Identification of residues necessary for","volume":"78","author":"S Vongpunsawad","year":"2004","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"6798","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1038\/35022579","article-title":"SLAM (CDw150) is a cellular receptor for measles virus","volume":"406","author":"H Tatsuo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7378","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10639","article-title":"Adherens junction protein nectin-4 is the epithelial receptor for measles virus","volume":"480","author":"MD Muhlebach","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref25","first-page":"e1002240","article-title":"Tumor cell marker PVRL4 (nectin 4) is an epithelial cell receptor for measles virus","volume":"7","author":"RS Noyce","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoSPathog"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2012.05.006","article-title":"Nectin 4 is the epithelial cell receptor for measles virus","volume":"20","author":"RS Noyce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4630","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02691-07","article-title":"Measles virus infects both polarized epithelial and immune cells by using distinctive receptor-binding sites on its hemagglutinin","volume":"82","author":"M Tahara","year":"2008","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11242","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05340-11","article-title":"Canine distemper virus infects canine keratinocytes and immune cells by using overlapping and distinct regions located on one side of the attachment protein","volume":"85","author":"JP Langedijk","year":"2011","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9618","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01077-10","article-title":"Identification of key residues in virulent canine distemper virus hemagglutinin that control CD150\/SLAM-binding activity","volume":"84","author":"L Zipperle","year":"2010","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5857","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.9.5857-5862.2005","article-title":"Nearby clusters of hemagglutinin residues sustain SLAM-dependent canine distemper virus entry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"79","author":"V von Messling","year":"2005","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref31","first-page":"16324","article-title":"Structural rearrangements of the central region of the morbillivirus attachment protein stalk domain trigger F protein refolding for membrane fusion","volume":"287","author":"N Ader","year":"2012","journal-title":"JBiolChem"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref32","first-page":"16561","article-title":"Functional interaction between paramyxovirus fusion and attachment proteins","volume":"283","author":"JK Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"JBiolChem"},{"issue":"46","key":"ref33","first-page":"38543","article-title":"Membrane fusion triggering: three modules with different structure and function in the upper half of the measles virus attachment protein stalk","volume":"287","author":"CK Navaratnarajah","year":"2012","journal-title":"JBiolChem"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref34","first-page":"e1003534","article-title":"Structure of the Parainfluenza Virus 5 (PIV5) Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase (HN) Ectodomain","volume":"9","author":"BD Welch","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoSPathog"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12855","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06350-11","article-title":"Structure and mutagenesis of the parainfluenza virus 5 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase stalk domain reveals a four-helix bundle and the role of the stalk in fusion promotion","volume":"85","author":"S Bose","year":"2011","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"36","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14920","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111691108","article-title":"Structure of the Newcastle disease virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) ectodomain reveals a four-helix bundle stalk","volume":"108","author":"P Yuan","year":"2011","journal-title":"ProcNatlAcadSciUSA"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10401","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01547-13","article-title":"Hydrophobic and charged residues in the central segment of the measles virus hemagglutinin stalk mediate transmission of the fusion-triggering signal","volume":"87","author":"S pte-Sengupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"44","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3018","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1210925109","article-title":"Triggering the measles virus membrane fusion machinery","volume":"109","author":"MA Brindley","year":"2012","journal-title":"ProcNatlAcadSciUSA"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2005.02.019","article-title":"Structural studies of the parainfluenza virus 5 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase tetramer in complex with its receptor, sialyllactose","volume":"13","author":"P Yuan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Structure"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03741-13","article-title":"Fusion activation through attachment protein stalk domains indicates a conserved core mechanism of paramyxovirus entry into cells","volume":"88","author":"S Bose","year":"2014","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1278","article-title":"Localization of a domain on the paramyxovirus attachment protein required for the promotion of cellular fusion by its homologous fusion protein spike","volume":"209","author":"R Deng","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1559","article-title":"Identification of regions on the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of human parainfluenza virus type 2 important for promoting cell fusion","volume":"213","author":"M Tsurudome","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6112","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.9.6112-6118.1996","article-title":"Functional interaction of paramyxovirus glycoproteins: identification of a domain in Sendai virus HN which promotes cell fusion","volume":"70","author":"K Tanabayashi","year":"1996","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"115","article-title":"Functional chimeric HN glycoproteins derived from Newcastle disease virus and human parainfluenza virus-3","volume":"13","author":"R Deng","year":"1997","journal-title":"ArchVirolSuppl"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2003.11.010","article-title":"An oligosaccharide at the C-terminus of the F-specific domain in the stalk of the human parainfluenza virus 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase modulates fusion","volume":"99","author":"Z Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"39","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2625","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1213813109","article-title":"Fusion activation by a headless parainfluenza virus 5 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase stalk suggests a modular mechanism for triggering","volume":"109","author":"S Bose","year":"2012","journal-title":"ProcNatlAcadSciUSA"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11693","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01945-13","article-title":"A stabilized headless measles virus attachment protein stalk efficiently triggers membrane fusion","volume":"87","author":"MA Brindley","year":"2013","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02754-14","article-title":"Measles Virus Glycoprotein Complexes Preassemble Intracellularly and Relax during Transport to the Cell Surface in Preparation for Fusion","volume":"89","author":"MA Brindley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref49","first-page":"e1003770","article-title":"Unraveling a three-step spatiotemporal mechanism of triggering of receptor-induced Nipah virus fusion and cell entry","volume":"9","author":"Q Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoSPathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8759","article-title":"Paramyxovirus fusion (F) protein and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein interactions: intracellular retention of F and HN does not affect transport of the homotypic HN or F protein","volume":"237","author":"RG Paterson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13520","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02123-13","article-title":"Mutations in the parainfluenza virus 5 fusion protein reveal domains important for fusion triggering and metastability","volume":"87","author":"S Bose","year":"2013","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"47","key":"ref52","first-page":"44239","article-title":"Measles virus envelope glycoproteins hetero-oligomerize in the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"276","author":"RK Plemper","year":"2001","journal-title":"JBiolChem"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4520","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02205-06","article-title":"Polybasic KKR motif in the cytoplasmic tail of Nipah virus fusion protein modulates membrane fusion by inside-out signaling","volume":"81","author":"HC Aguilar","year":"2007","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.10.4878-4889.2006","article-title":"N-glycans on Nipah virus fusion protein protect against neutralization but reduce membrane fusion and viral entry","volume":"80","author":"HC Aguilar","year":"2006","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5893","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02022-06","article-title":"Identification of Hendra virus G glycoprotein residues that are critical for receptor binding","volume":"81","author":"KA Bishop","year":"2007","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"38","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9112","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9008566","article-title":"Conserved leucine residue in the head region of morbillivirus fusion protein regulates the large conformational change during fusion activity","volume":"48","author":"P Plattet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10480","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01195-09","article-title":"Probing the spatial organization of measles virus fusion complexes","volume":"83","author":"T Paal","year":"2009","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref58","first-page":"778","article-title":"Mechanism of fusion triggering by human parainfluenza virus type III: communication between viral glycoproteins during entry","volume":"287","author":"M Porotto","year":"2012","journal-title":"JBiolChem"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref59","first-page":"e00803","article-title":"Interaction between the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion glycoproteins of human parainfluenza virus type III regulates viral growth in vivo","volume":"4","author":"R Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porotto M, Salah ZW, Gui L, DeVito I, Jurgens EM, Lu H, et al. Regulation of paramyxovirus fusion activation: the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein stabilizes the fusion protein in a pre-triggered state. JVirol. 2012.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01965-12"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"ref61","first-page":"443","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against four structural components of canine distemper virus","volume":"66","author":"C Orvell","year":"1985","journal-title":"JGenVirol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03123-13","article-title":"Molecular determinants defining the triggering range of prefusion F complexes of canine distemper virus","volume":"88","author":"M Avila","year":"2014","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01826-12","article-title":"Mechanism for active membrane fusion triggering by morbillivirus attachment protein","volume":"87","author":"N Ader","year":"2013","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9900","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00909-07","article-title":"Mutations in the stalk of the measles virus hemagglutinin protein decrease fusion but do not interfere with virus-specific interaction with the homologous fusion protein","volume":"81","author":"EA Corey","year":"2007","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6158","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02846-13","article-title":"The measles virus hemagglutinin stalk: structures and functions of the central fusion activation and membrane-proximal segments","volume":"88","author":"CK Navaratnarajah","year":"2014","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10980","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01646-13","article-title":"Identification of a region in the stalk domain of the nipah virus receptor binding protein that is critical for fusion activation","volume":"87","author":"A Talekar","year":"2013","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5051","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.10.5051-5061.2002","article-title":"Strength of envelope protein interaction modulates cytopathicity of measles virus","volume":"76","author":"RK Plemper","year":"2002","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01828-14","article-title":"Canine Distemper Virus Envelope Protein Interactions Modulated by Hydrophobic Residues in the Fusion Protein Globular Head","volume":"89","author":"M Avila","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Welch BD, Paduch M, Leser GP, Bergman Z, Kors CA, Paterson RG, et al. Probing the functions of the paramyxovirus glycoproteins F and HN with a panel of synthetic antibodies (sABs). JVirol. 2014.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01707-14"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref70","first-page":"e02393","article-title":"Electron tomography imaging of surface glycoproteins on human parainfluenza virus 3: association of receptor binding and fusion proteins before receptor engagement","volume":"6","author":"L Gui","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.3.2263-2269.1999","article-title":"Sequence analysis and expression of the attachment and fusion proteins of canine distemper virus wild-type strain A75\/17","volume":"73","author":"P Cherpillod","year":"1999","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref72","first-page":"913","article-title":"Emergence of canine distemper virus strains with modified molecular signature and enhanced neuronal tropism leading to high mortality in wild carnivores","volume":"49","author":"FC Origgi","year":"2012","journal-title":"VetPathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.07.004","article-title":"Synergistic inhibition in cell-cell fusion mediated by the matrix and nucleocapsid protein of canine distemper virus","volume":"129","author":"D Wiener","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11413","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01287-07","article-title":"Signal peptide and helical bundle domains of virulent canine distemper virus fusion protein restrict fusogenicity","volume":"81","author":"P Plattet","year":"2007","journal-title":"JVirol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref75","first-page":"128","article-title":"The heads of the measles virus attachment protein move to transmit the fusion-triggering signal","volume":"18","author":"CK Navaratnarajah","year":"2011","journal-title":"NatStructMolBiol"}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004880","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T22:08:59Z","timestamp":1598998139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004880"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Benhur","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004880","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]]}}}