{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T14:54:52Z","timestamp":1779893692007,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T18:01:53Z","timestamp":1441130513000},"page":"e1005143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Cullin4 Is Pro-Viral during West Nile Virus Infection of Culex Mosquitoes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Prasad N.","family":"Paradkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Bernard","family":"Duchemin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Rodriguez-Andres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Trinidad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(08)60342-5","article-title":"Impact of dengue\/dengue hemorrhagic fever on the developing world","volume":"53","author":"DJ Gubler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv Virus Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2336","article-title":"The arrival, establishment and spread of exotic diseases: patterns and predictions","volume":"8","author":"SE Randolph","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.3390\/v6020683","article-title":"Targeting host factors to treat West Nile and dengue viral infections","volume":"6","author":"MN Krishnan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.013201-0","article-title":"Advances in dissecting mosquito innate immune responses to arbovirus infection","volume":"90","author":"R Fragkoudis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of General Virology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17841","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905006106","article-title":"An evolutionary conserved function of the JAK-STAT pathway in anti-dengue defense","volume":"106","author":"JA Souza-Neto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000299","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000299","article-title":"Dengue virus type 2 infections of Aedes aegypti are modulated by the mosquito's RNA interference pathway","volume":"5","author":"I Sanchez-Vargas","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18915","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205231109","article-title":"Secreted Vago restricts West Nile virus infection in Culex mosquito cells by activating the Jak-STAT pathway","volume":"109","author":"PN Paradkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002394","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002394","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of Aedes aegypti transgenic mosquitoes with altered immunity","volume":"7","author":"Z Zou","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2295","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002295","article-title":"Transcriptomic profiling of diverse Aedes aegypti strains reveals increased basal-level immune activation in dengue virus-refractory populations and identifies novel virus-vector molecular interactions","volume":"7","author":"S Sim","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002189","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002189","article-title":"Alterations in the Aedes aegypti transcriptome during infection with West Nile, dengue and yellow fever viruses","volume":"7","author":"TM Colpitts","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/47.3.421","article-title":"Transcriptome changes in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) salivary glands during West Nile virus infection","volume":"47","author":"YA Girard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E153","DOI":"10.1038\/35019643","article-title":"Evolution and function of ubiquitin-like protein-conjugation systems","volume":"2","author":"M Hochstrasser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3739","article-title":"Ubiquitination in disease pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"20","author":"D Popovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.67.1.425","article-title":"The ubiquitin system","volume":"67","author":"A Hershko","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.1.94","article-title":"Recognition of the polyubiquitin proteolytic signal","volume":"19","author":"JS Thrower","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.060025497","article-title":"Physical association of ubiquitin ligases and the 26S proteasome","volume":"97","author":"Y Xie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.11.5249-a","article-title":"A family of proteins structurally and functionally related to the E6-AP ubiquitin-protein ligase","volume":"92","author":"JM Huibregtse","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00077-5","article-title":"RING finger proteins: mediators of ubiquitin ligase activity","volume":"102","author":"CA Joazeiro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R132","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(00)00398-5","article-title":"The U box is a modified RING finger\u2014a common domain in ubiquitination","volume":"10","author":"L Aravind","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(01)00213-8","article-title":"MHC class I ubiquitination by a viral PHD\/LAP finger protein","volume":"15","author":"JM Boname","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.2.1427-1440.2003","article-title":"The PHD\/LAP-domain protein M153R of myxomavirus is a ubiquitin ligase that induces the rapid internalization and lysosomal destruction of CD4","volume":"77","author":"M Mansouri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1547","article-title":"Function and regulation of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases","volume":"6","author":"MD Petroski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2012.04.009","article-title":"Adaptor protein self-assembly drives the control of a cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase","volume":"20","author":"WJ Errington","year":"2012","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4960","DOI":"10.1021\/pr100219y","article-title":"The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is important for dengue virus infection in primary human endothelial cells","volume":"9","author":"R Kanlaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07207","article-title":"RNA interference screen for human genes associated with West Nile virus infection","volume":"455","author":"MN Krishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02483-10","article-title":"Appraising the roles of CBLL1 and the ubiquitin\/proteasome system for flavivirus entry and replication","volume":"85","author":"MD Fernandez-Garcia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.11.011","article-title":"The KSHV immediate-early transcription factor RTA encodes ubiquitin E3 ligase activity that targets IRF7 for proteosome-mediated degradation","volume":"22","author":"Y Yu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.10.005","article-title":"Manipulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by small DNA tumor viruses","volume":"384","author":"P Blanchette","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13434","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.21.13434-13441.2005","article-title":"Simian virus 5 V protein acts as an adaptor, linking DDB1 to STAT2, to facilitate the ubiquitination of STAT1","volume":"79","author":"B Precious","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2002.1773","article-title":"Paramyxoviruses SV5 and HPIV2 assemble STAT protein ubiquitin ligase complexes from cellular components","volume":"304","author":"CM Ulane","year":"2002","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000086","article-title":"Host gene expression profiling of dengue virus infection in cell lines and patients","volume":"1","author":"J Fink","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193162","article-title":"Pathogenomics of Culex quinquefasciatus and meta-analysis of infection responses to diverse pathogens","volume":"330","author":"LC Bartholomay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pe21","DOI":"10.1126\/stke.3352006pe21","article-title":"Viral modulators of cullin RING ubiquitin ligases: culling the host defense","volume":"2006","author":"M Barry","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci STKE"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1237","article-title":"The Jak-STAT signaling pathway is required but not sufficient for the antiviral response of drosophila","volume":"6","author":"C Dostert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2823","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002823","article-title":"Dicer-2-dependent activation of Culex Vago occurs via the TRAF-Rel2 signaling pathway","volume":"8","author":"PN Paradkar","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2107","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002107","article-title":"Host cell transcriptome profile during wild-type and attenuated dengue virus infection","volume":"7","author":"OM Sessions","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24371","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024371","article-title":"Gene expression analysis in the thalamus and cerebrum of horses experimentally infected with West Nile virus","volume":"6","author":"MA Bourgeois","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"730","article-title":"Microarray analysis of gene expression in West Nile virus-infected human retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"18","author":"L Munoz-Erazo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21538","article-title":"Gene expression profiling of dengue infected human primary cells identifies secreted mediators in vivo","volume":"81","author":"A Becerra","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02296-07","article-title":"Cellular proteasome activity facilitates herpes simplex virus entry at a postpenetration step","volume":"82","author":"MG Delboy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01986-08","article-title":"Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system prevents vaccinia virus DNA replication and expression of intermediate and late genes","volume":"83","author":"PS Satheshkumar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01101-09","article-title":"Bortezomib inhibits hepatitis B virus replication in transgenic mice","volume":"54","author":"P Bandi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5017","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.534","article-title":"Tip60 degradation by adenovirus relieves transcriptional repression of viral transcriptional activator EIA","volume":"32","author":"A Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9625","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01048-10","article-title":"Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system affects influenza A virus infection at a postfusion step","volume":"84","author":"I Widjaja","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13057","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.24.13057","article-title":"Proteasome inhibition interferes with gag polyprotein processing, release, and maturation of HIV-1 and HIV-2","volume":"97","author":"U Schubert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.1.644-648.2005","article-title":"The ubiquitin-proteasome system facilitates the transfer of murine coronavirus from endosome to cytoplasm during virus entry","volume":"79","author":"GY Yu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2009.12.010","article-title":"Decreased replication of human respiratory syncytial virus treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132","volume":"149","author":"C Lupfer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11964","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05286-11","article-title":"Replication of the rotavirus genome requires an active ubiquitin-proteasome system","volume":"85","author":"T Lopez","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2010.01.002","article-title":"Cytosol as battleground: ubiquitin as a weapon for both host and pathogen","volume":"20","author":"CA Collins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.926401","article-title":"Degradation of p53 by adenovirus E4orf6 and E1B55K proteins occurs via a novel mechanism involving a Cullin-containing complex","volume":"15","author":"E Querido","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(99)00109-5","article-title":"Signaling pathways activated by interferons","volume":"27","author":"LC Platanias","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4621","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.2004.04425.x","article-title":"Weapons of STAT destruction. Interferon evasion by paramyxovirus V protein","volume":"271","author":"CM Horvath","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5408","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02188-08","article-title":"NS5 of dengue virus mediates STAT2 binding and degradation","volume":"83","author":"J Ashour","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01161-09","article-title":"The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling","volume":"84","author":"M Laurent-Rolle","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R36","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-4-r36","article-title":"TopHat2: accurate alignment of transcriptomes in the presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions","volume":"14","author":"D Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D729","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr1089","article-title":"VectorBase: improvements to a bioinformatics resource for invertebrate vector genomics","volume":"40","author":"K Megy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.016","article-title":"Differential gene and transcript expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with TopHat and Cufflinks","volume":"7","author":"C Trapnell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2912","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.013805-0","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies to the West Nile virus NS5 protein map to linear and conformational epitopes in the methyltransferase and polymerase domains","volume":"90","author":"RA Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2008.00834.x","article-title":"Semliki Forest virus strongly reduces mosquito host defence signaling","volume":"17","author":"R Fragkoudis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Insect Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03869","article-title":"Identification of JAK\/STAT signalling components by genome-wide RNA interference","volume":"436","author":"P Muller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.2987\/09-5935.1","article-title":"A simple method for determining arbovirus transmission in mosquitoes","volume":"26","author":"SL Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc"}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005143","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T05:46:32Z","timestamp":1653111992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005143"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Glenn","family":"Randall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005143","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]}}}