{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:37:18Z","timestamp":1792654638542,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Intramural Research Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Intramural Research Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T17:30:39Z","timestamp":1471282239000},"page":"e1005791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Two Different Virulence-Related Regulatory Pathways in Borrelia burgdorferi Are Directly Affected by Osmotic Fluxes in the Blood Meal of Feeding Ixodes Ticks"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Bontemps-Gallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank C.","family":"Gherardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02616113","article-title":"Osmolality of mammalian blood and of media for culture of mammalian cells","volume":"6","author":"C Waymouth","year":"1970","journal-title":"In Vitro"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05136-11","article-title":"The hybrid histidine kinase Hk1 is part of a two-component system that is essential for survival of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> in feeding <italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/italic> ticks","volume":"79","author":"MJ Caimano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002133","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002133","article-title":"Cyclic di-GMP is essential for the survival of the lyme disease spirochete in ticks","volume":"7","author":"M He","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07687.x","article-title":"The diguanylate cyclase, Rrp1, regulates critical steps in the enzootic cycle of the Lyme disease spirochetes","volume":"81","author":"JL Kostick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005160","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005160","article-title":"The <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> RelA\/SpoT Homolog and Stringent Response Regulate Survival in the Tick Vector and Global Gene Expression during Starvation","volume":"11","author":"D Drecktrah","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"67","article-title":"<italic>Borrelia<\/italic>: Molecular Biology, Host Interaction and Pathogenesis","author":"JT Skare","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.112408.134040","article-title":"Gene regulation in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"65","author":"DS Samuels","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05716.x","article-title":"Temperature-induced regulation of RpoS by a small RNA in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"64","author":"MC Lybecker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2714","article-title":"Of ticks, mice and men: understanding the dual-host lifestyle of Lyme disease spirochaetes","volume":"10","author":"JD Radolf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12609","article-title":"Interaction of the Lyme disease spirochete with its tick vector","volume":"18","author":"MJ Caimano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3371-3383.2003","article-title":"Global analysis of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> genes regulated by mammalian host-specific signals","volume":"71","author":"CS Brooks","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05860.x","article-title":"Analysis of the RpoS regulon in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> in response to mammalian host signals provides insight into RpoS function during the enzootic cycle","volume":"65","author":"MJ Caimano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.4.1689-1705.2003","article-title":"Profiling of temperature-induced changes in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> gene expression by using whole genome arrays","volume":"71","author":"C Ojaimi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.7.2909","article-title":"Induction of an outer surface protein on <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> during tick feeding","volume":"92","author":"TG Schwan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5872","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)38464-8","article-title":"Predominant osmotically active organic solutes in rat and rabbit renal medullas","volume":"261","author":"S Bagnasco","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12882","article-title":"Stage-specific global alterations in the transcriptomes of Lyme disease spirochetes during tick feeding and following mammalian host adaptation","volume":"95","author":"R Iyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.58.2.549","article-title":"Ion and Water Balance in the <italic>Ixodid<\/italic> Tick <italic>Dermacentor Andersoni<\/italic>","volume":"58","author":"WR Kaufman","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.58.2.523","article-title":"Ion and Water Balance in the <italic>Ixodid<\/italic> Tick <italic>Dermacentor Andersoni<\/italic>","volume":"58","author":"WR Kaufman","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.58.2.537","article-title":"Ion and Water Balance in the <italic>Ixodid<\/italic> Tick <italic>Dermacentor Andersoni<\/italic>","volume":"58","author":"WR Kaufman","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000013093","article-title":"The water balance in <italic>Ixodes ricinus<\/italic> L. and certain other species of ticks","volume":"37","author":"AD Lees","year":"1946","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.23.3-4.379","article-title":"Transpiration and the Structure of the Epicuticle in Ticks","volume":"23","author":"AD Lees","year":"1947","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00598.x","article-title":"Bacterial osmoadaptation: the role of osmolytes in bacterial stress and virulence","volume":"26","author":"RD Sleator","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(07)28005-X","article-title":"Bacterial osmosensing transporters","volume":"428","author":"JM Wood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-090110-102815","article-title":"Bacterial osmoregulation: a paradigm for the study of cellular homeostasis","volume":"65","author":"JM Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-72-3-589","article-title":"Water relations of sugar-tolerant yeasts: the role of intracellular polyols","volume":"72","author":"AD Brown","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"issue":"357","key":"ref26","first-page":"pe43","article-title":"Osmosensing by bacteria","volume":"2006","author":"JM Wood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci STKE"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"39","article-title":"Genetic engineering of plants","author":"AR Strom","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"186","article-title":"Microbial protoplasts, spheroplasts and L-forms","author":"W Epstein","year":"1968"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01845.x","article-title":"Osmoregulation by potassium transport in <italic>Escherichia<\/italic> coli","volume":"39","author":"W Epstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref30","first-page":"2527","article-title":"The effects of osmotic upshock on the intracellular solute pools of <italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/italic>","volume":"136","author":"AM Whatmore","year":"1990","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.49.4.359-378.1985","article-title":"Regulation of cytoplasmic pH in bacteria","volume":"49","author":"IR Booth","year":"1985","journal-title":"Microbiological Reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(91)90212-O","article-title":"Characterization of the cytoplasm of <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> K-12 as a function of external osmolarity: Implications for protein-DNA interactions <italic>in vivo<\/italic>","volume":"222","author":"S Cayley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00128.x","article-title":"Microbial behaviour in salt-stressed ecosystems","volume":"15","author":"EA Galinski","year":"1994","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42113-2","article-title":"Interdependence of K+ and glutamate accumulation during osmotic adaptation of <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"269","author":"D McLaggan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008728","article-title":"Duration of tick bites in a Lyme disease-endemic area","volume":"143","author":"RC Falco","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2864","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01619-06","article-title":"Response of Leptospira interrogans to physiologic osmolarity: relevance in signaling the environment-to-host transition","volume":"75","author":"J Matsunaga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2015.09.006","article-title":"Spirochetal motility and chemotaxis in the natural enzootic cycle and development of Lyme disease","volume":"28","author":"MA Motaleb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11684","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2032956100","article-title":"Borrelia oxidative stress response regulator, BosR: a distinctive Zn-dependent transcriptional activator","volume":"100","author":"JA Boylan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93141","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093141","article-title":"Global repression of host-associated genes of the Lyme disease spirochete through post-transcriptional modulation of the alternative sigma factor RpoS","volume":"9","author":"DP Dulebohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12171","article-title":"<italic>Borrelia<\/italic> host adaptation Regulator (BadR) regulates <italic>rpoS<\/italic> to modulate host adaptation and virulence factors in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"88","author":"CL Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04352.x","article-title":"A conservative amino acid change alters the function of BosR, the redox regulator of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"54","author":"J Seshu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"W1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W580","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv279","article-title":"The EMBL-EBI bioinformatics web and programmatic tools framework","volume":"43","author":"W Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"6660","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/37551","article-title":"Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochaete, <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"390","author":"CM Fraser","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.4.1915-1922.1989","article-title":"Osmoregulation in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>: complementation analysis and gene-protein relationships in the <italic>proU<\/italic> locus","volume":"171","author":"CS Dattananda","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.166.1.253-259.1986","article-title":"Proline transport and osmotic stress response in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> K-12","volume":"166","author":"S Grothe","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00067.x","article-title":"Adaptation of Escherichia coli to high osmolarity environments: osmoregulation of the high-affinity glycine betaine transport system <italic>proU<\/italic>","volume":"14","author":"JM Lucht","year":"1994","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"103","article-title":"<italic>Borrelia<\/italic>: Molecular Biology, Host Interaction and Pathogenesis","author":"FC Gherardini","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04097.x","article-title":"Enteric bacteria and osmotic stress: intracellular potassium glutamate as a secondary signal of osmotic stress?","volume":"6","author":"IR Booth","year":"1990","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.7.2568-2574.1994","article-title":"Accumulation of glutamate by <italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/italic> in response to osmotic stress","volume":"60","author":"JL Botsford","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47532","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047532","article-title":"Analysis of an ordered, comprehensive STM mutant library in infectious <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>: insights into the genes required for mouse infectivity","volume":"7","author":"T Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3419","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3419-3428.2003","article-title":"Antigenic composition of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> during infection of SCID mice","volume":"71","author":"TR Crother","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5042","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.9.5042-5055.2003","article-title":"<italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> population dynamics and prototype gene expression during infection of immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice","volume":"71","author":"E Hodzic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/bbpc.19110171405","article-title":"Theorie der Membrangleichgewichte und Membranpotentiale bei Vorhandensein von nicht dialysierenden Elektrolyten. Ein Beitrag zur physikalisch-chemischen Physiologie","volume":"17","author":"FG Donnan","year":"1911","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3652","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI39401","article-title":"Live imaging reveals a biphasic mode of dissemination of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> within ticks","volume":"119","author":"SM Dunham-Ems","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2902","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01721-08","article-title":"Rrp2, a sigma54-dependent transcriptional activator of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>, activates rpoS in an enhancer-independent manner","volume":"191","author":"JS Blevins","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7307","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1231043100","article-title":"Decorin-binding proteins A and B confer distinct mammalian cell type-specific attachment by <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>, the Lyme disease spirochete","volume":"100","author":"JR Fischer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00037-07","article-title":"Temporal expression analysis of the <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> paralogous gene family 54 genes BBA64, BBA65, and BBA66 during persistent infection in mice","volume":"75","author":"RD Gilmore Jr.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3142","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0306845101","article-title":"Outer-surface protein C of the Lyme disease spirochete: a protein induced in ticks for infection of mammals","volume":"101","author":"D Grimm","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.382-388.2000","article-title":"Temporal changes in outer surface proteins A and C of the lyme disease-associated spirochete, <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>, during the chain of infection in ticks and mice","volume":"38","author":"TG Schwan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031960","article-title":"Essential role for OspA\/B in the life cycle of the Lyme disease spirochete","volume":"199","author":"XF Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06621.x","article-title":"Rrp1, a cyclic-di-GMP-producing response regulator, is an important regulator of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> core cellular functions","volume":"71","author":"EA Rogers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00315-15","article-title":"Cyclic di-GMP modulates gene expression in Lyme disease spirochetes at the tick-mammal interface to promote spirochete survival during the blood meal and tick-to-mammal transmission","volume":"83","author":"MJ Caimano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.5.1792-1798.2005","article-title":"Cyclic diguanylate is a ubiquitous signaling molecule in bacteria: insights into biochemistry of the GGDEF protein domain","volume":"187","author":"DA Ryjenkov","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref64","first-page":"521","article-title":"Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes","volume":"57","author":"AG Barbour","year":"1984","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.2139-2150.2002","article-title":"Clonal polymorphism of <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic> strain B31 MI: implications for mutagenesis in an infectious strain background","volume":"70","author":"AF Elias","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.62.3.293-300.1951","article-title":"Studies on lysogenesis. I. The mode of phage liberation by lysogenic <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"62","author":"G Bertani","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3127","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.10.3127-3133.2001","article-title":"Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans of <italic>Erwinia chrysanthemi<\/italic>","volume":"183","author":"V Cogez","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.139.1.185-194.1979","article-title":"Levels of major proteins of <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> during growth at different temperatures","volume":"139","author":"SL Herendeen","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"253","article-title":"Electrotransformation of the spirochete <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"47","author":"DS Samuels","year":"1995","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6723","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.22.6723-6727.2003","article-title":"<italic>aadA<\/italic> confers streptomycin resistance in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"185","author":"KL Frank","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45","article-title":"A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR","volume":"29","author":"MW Pfaffl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01725-06","article-title":"Rapid clearance of Lyme disease spirochetes lacking OspC from skin","volume":"75","author":"K Tilly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05224.x","article-title":"Regulation and expression of bba66 encoding an immunogenic infection-associated lipoprotein in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"61","author":"DR Clifton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05813.x","article-title":"Insights into the complex regulation of <italic>rpoS<\/italic> in <italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/italic>","volume":"65","author":"MN Burtnick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T21:47:37Z","timestamp":1718747257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005791"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"D. Scott","family":"Samuels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005791","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]}}}