{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:28:33Z","timestamp":1790659713729,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541980800000}}],"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R56AI126493"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56AI126493"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cancer Center - HCCC","award":["P30 CA086862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA086862"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health (US)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AI089870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI089870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI121080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI121080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSG-15-181-01-LIB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSG-15-181-01-LIB"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI112579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI112579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (US)","award":["I01 BX002903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01 BX002903"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM115462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM115462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (US)","award":["BX001324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX001324"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 AI007485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AI007485"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI114543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI114543"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM113961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM113961"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI007511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI007511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T17:57:29Z","timestamp":1541008649000},"page":"e1007405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Polymicrobial sepsis influences NK-cell-mediated immunity by diminishing NK-cell-intrinsic receptor-mediated effector responses to viral ligands or infections"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3107-3961","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isaac J.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina S.","family":"Winborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2427-532X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Micaela G.","family":"Fosdick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9952-5381","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mikaela M.","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep Kumar","family":"Tripathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1370-7198","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9163-7669","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hai-Hui","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7205-9859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon C.","family":"Houtman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3180-2439","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vladimir P.","family":"Badovinac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"CDC. Sepsis: Data &amp; Reports [Webpage]. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sepsis\/datareports\/index.html:\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sepsis\/datareports\/index.html:<\/ext-link> Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017 [updated August 25, 2017."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000261890.41311.E9","article-title":"Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: A trend analysis from 1993 to 2003*","volume":"35","author":"VY Dombrovskiy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827c09f8","article-title":"Benchmarking the Incidence and Mortality of Severe Sepsis in the United States*","volume":"41","author":"DF Gaieski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001147","article-title":"Unplanned Readmissions After Hospitalization for Severe Sepsis at Academic Medical Center\u2013Affiliated Hospitals*","volume":"43","author":"JP Donnelly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1086\/520307","article-title":"High Incidence of Active Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Septic Patients","volume":"26","author":"AST Kutza","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e98819","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098819","article-title":"Reactivation of Multiple Viruses in Patients with Sepsis","volume":"9","author":"AH Walton","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5471","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.9.5471","article-title":"TAT-BH4 and TAT-Bcl-xL Peptides Protect against Sepsis-Induced Lymphocyte Apoptosis In Vivo","volume":"176","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5110","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.5110","article-title":"Accelerated Lymphocyte Death in Sepsis Occurs by both the Death Receptor and Mitochondrial Pathways","volume":"174","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6952","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.11.6952","article-title":"Sepsis-Induced Apoptosis Causes Progressive Profound Depletion of B and CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T Lymphocytes in Humans","volume":"166","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0807528","article-title":"Deletion of MyD88 markedly attenuates sepsis\u2010induced T and B lymphocyte apoptosis but worsens survival","volume":"83","author":"OM Peck\u2010Palmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.1.557","article-title":"Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody Against CD40 Receptor Decreases Lymphocyte Apoptosis and Improves Survival in Sepsis","volume":"177","author":"SJ Schwulst","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700375","article-title":"Cutting Edge: 2B4-Mediated Coinhibition of CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T Cells Underlies Mortality in Experimental Sepsis","volume":"199","author":"C-w Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4A1215-563RR","article-title":"Attrition of memory CD8 T cells during sepsis requires LFA\u20101","volume":"100","author":"MA Serbanescu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600940","article-title":"Gut Microbial Membership Modulates CD4 T Cell Reconstitution and Function after Sepsis","volume":"197","author":"J Cabrera-Perez","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401711","article-title":"Alterations in Antigen-Specific Naive CD4 T Cell Precursors after Sepsis Impairs Their Responsiveness to Pathogen Challenge","volume":"194","author":"J Cabrera-Perez","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202379","article-title":"Sustained and Incomplete Recovery of Naive CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T Cell Precursors after Sepsis Contributes to Impaired CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T Cell Responses to Infection","volume":"190","author":"SA Condotta","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1006569","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006569","article-title":"Polymicrobial sepsis impairs bystander recruitment of effector cells to infected skin despite optimal sensing and alarming function of skin resident memory CD8 T cells","volume":"13","author":"DB Danahy","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS Pathogens"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1303460","article-title":"Polymicrobial Sepsis Alters Antigen-Dependent and -Independent Memory CD8 T Cell Functions","volume":"192","author":"S Duong","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4301","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601463","article-title":"Polymicrobial Sepsis Diminishes Dendritic Cell Numbers and Function Directly Contributing to Impaired Primary CD8 T Cell Responses In Vivo","volume":"197","author":"RK Strother","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701618","article-title":"Sepsis-Induced T Cell Immunoparalysis: The Ins and Outs of Impaired T Cell Immunity","volume":"200","author":"IJ Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12002","article-title":"The functional role of natural killer cells early in clinical sepsis","volume":"121","author":"G Giannikopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R206","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11838","article-title":"Toll-like receptors expression and interferon-\u03b3 production by NK cells in human sepsis","volume":"16","author":"F Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601486","article-title":"IL-15 Enables Septic Shock by Maintaining NK Cell Integrity and Function","volume":"198","author":"Y Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0509307","article-title":"The role of interferon\u2010\u03b3 in the pathogenesis of acute intra\u2010abdominal sepsis","volume":"88","author":"CR Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6334","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.6334","article-title":"NK but Not CD1-Restricted NKT Cells Facilitate Systemic Inflammation during Polymicrobial Intra-Abdominal Sepsis","volume":"180","author":"AO Etogo","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.06.012","article-title":"Elucidating Sources and Roles of Granzymes A and B during Bacterial Infection and Sepsis","volume":"8","author":"A Arias Maykel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700184","article-title":"Mice depleted of CD8+ T and NK cells are resistant to injury caused by cecal ligation and puncture","volume":"84","author":"ER Sherwood","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laboratory Investigation"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200208-950OC","article-title":"\u03b22 Microglobulin Knockout Mice Are Resistant to Lethal Intraabdominal Sepsis","volume":"167","author":"ER Sherwood","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R569","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00470.2003","article-title":"\u03b22-Microglobulin knockout mice treated with anti-asialoGM1 exhibit improved hemodynamics and cardiac contractile function during acute intra-abdominal sepsis","volume":"286","author":"W Tao","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830240522","article-title":"Essential role for natural killer cells in the lethal lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced Shwartzman\u2010like reaction in mice","volume":"24","author":"H Hubertine","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e110585","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110585","article-title":"Tim-3 Negatively Mediates Natural Killer Cell Function in LPS-Induced Endotoxic Shock","volume":"9","author":"H Hou","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310100773","article-title":"Natural killer cell cytotoxicity is deficient in newborns with sepsis and recurrent infections","volume":"160","author":"GD Georgeson","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00915361","article-title":"Suppression of natural killer-cell function in humans following thermal and traumatic injury","volume":"6","author":"BA Blazar","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref34","first-page":"120","article-title":"Depressed natural killer cell function in thermally injured adults: successful in vivo and in vitro immunomodulation and the role of endotoxin","volume":"71","author":"BS Bender","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5850","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103616","article-title":"NK Cell Tolerance to TLR Agonists Mediated by Regulatory T Cells after Polymicrobial Sepsis","volume":"188","author":"F Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50446","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050446","article-title":"Phenotype and Functions of Natural Killer Cells in Critically-Ill Septic Patients","volume":"7","author":"J-M Forel","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0959-9673.2004.00385.x","article-title":"Activity of lung neutrophils and matrix metalloproteinases in cyclophosphamide\u2010treated mice with experimental sepsis","volume":"85","author":"H Mark","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Experimental Pathology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425913517274","article-title":"A disturbed interaction with accessory cells upon opportunistic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa contributes to an impaired IFN-\u03b3 production of NK cells in the lung during sepsis-induced immunosuppression","volume":"21","author":"E Pastille","year":"2014","journal-title":"Innate Immunity"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.91","article-title":"NK cell receptor imbalance and NK cell dysfunction in HBV infection and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"C Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cellular And Molecular Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.02.007","article-title":"NK cell self tolerance, responsiveness and missing self recognition","volume":"26","author":"N Shifrin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seminars in Immunology"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Controlling NK Cell Responses: Integration of Signals for Activation and Inhibition","volume":"31","author":"EO Long","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annual review of immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.2000.0216","article-title":"Signaling pathways engaged by NK cell receptors: double concerto for activating receptors, inhibitory receptors and NK cells","volume":"12","author":"E Tomasello","year":"2000","journal-title":"Seminars in Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4981","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.4981","article-title":"DAP12 Signaling Directly Augments Proproliferative Cytokine Stimulation of NK Cells during Viral Infections","volume":"177","author":"AR French","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.66.1.165","article-title":"Induction of DAP12 phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, and cytokine secretion by Ly49H","volume":"66","author":"P Gosselin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.01.012","article-title":"The role of T cell receptor signaling thresholds in guiding T cell fate decisions","volume":"33","author":"J Zikherman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Immunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600776","article-title":"Expansion and Protection by a Virus-Specific NK Cell Subset Lacking Expression of the Inhibitory NKR-P1B Receptor during Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection","volume":"197","author":"MMA Rahim","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902307","article-title":"IL-15 Prevents Apoptosis, Reverses Innate and Adaptive Immune Dysfunction, and Improves Survival in Sepsis","volume":"184","author":"S Inoue","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12854","article-title":"The biology of natural killer cells during sepsis","volume":"153","author":"G Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G768","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00179.2015","article-title":"Zinc dyshomeostasis during polymicrobial sepsis in mice involves zinc transporter Zip14 and can be overcome by zinc supplementation","volume":"309","author":"I Wessels","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.7.2338","article-title":"T cell receptor genes do not rearrange or express functional transcripts in natural killer cells of scid mice","volume":"138","author":"MM Tutt","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.1.173","article-title":"Interleukin 2-induced proliferation of murine natural killer cells in vivo","volume":"171","author":"CA Biron","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6805com","article-title":"Multiple triggers of cell death in sepsis: death receptor and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis","volume":"21","author":"KC Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3552","article-title":"Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: from cellular dysfunctions to immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20150712","article-title":"Type I IFN promotes NK cell expansion during viral infection by protecting NK cells against fratricide","volume":"213","author":"S Madera","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-015-0869-7","article-title":"The evolution of natural killer cell receptors","volume":"68","author":"P Carrillo-Bustamante","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"issue":"1527","key":"ref56","article-title":"Revealing the Complexity in CD8 T Cell Responses to Infection in Inbred C57B\/6 versus Outbred Swiss Mice","volume":"8","author":"MD Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/283157a0","article-title":"Genetic variance of laboratory outbred Swiss mice","volume":"283","author":"MC Rice","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00720.x","article-title":"DAP10- and DAP12-associated receptors in innate immunity","volume":"227","author":"LL Lanier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunological reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425932","article-title":"KARAP\/DAP12\/TYROBP: three names and a multiplicity of biological functions","volume":"35","author":"E Tomasello","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011427","article-title":"Pivotal Role of KARAP\/DAP12 Adaptor Molecule in the Natural Killer Cell\u2013mediated Resistance to Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection","volume":"195","author":"H Sj\u00f6lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1159\/000324143","article-title":"The Role of Natural Killer Cells in the Defense against <italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/italic> Lessons from a Rat Model","volume":"3","author":"C Naper","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Innate Immunity"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201242937","article-title":"IFN-\u03b3 production by CD27+NK cells exacerbates Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice by inhibiting granulocyte mobilization","volume":"43","author":"N Viegas","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.5.1469","article-title":"Cmv-1, a genetic locus that controls murine cytomegalovirus replication in the spleen","volume":"171","author":"AA Scalzo","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.265","article-title":"Characterization of Murine Cytomegalovirus m157 from Infected Cells and Identification of Critical Residues Mediating Recognition by the NK Cell Receptor Ly49H","volume":"181","author":"AH Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-008-0313-3","article-title":"Ly49h is necessary for genetic resistance to murine cytomegalovirus","volume":"60","author":"TP Cheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005323","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005323","article-title":"Dual Requirement of Cytokine and Activation Receptor Triggering for Cytotoxic Control of Murine Cytomegalovirus by NK Cells","volume":"11","author":"BA Parikh","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathogens"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7922","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00199-15","article-title":"Cytokine-Mediated Activation of NK Cells during Viral Infection","volume":"89","author":"BE Freeman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2011.03446.x","article-title":"CD11b and CD27 reflect distinct population and functional specialization in human natural killer cells","volume":"133","author":"B Fu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4764","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.8.4764","article-title":"NK Cell Maturation and Peripheral Homeostasis Is Associated with KLRG1 Up-Regulation","volume":"178","author":"ND Huntington","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20132459","article-title":"Proapoptotic Bim regulates antigen-specific NK cell contraction and the generation of the memory NK cell pool after cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"211","author":"G Min-Oo","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"7229","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07665","article-title":"Adaptive Immune Features of Natural Killer Cells","volume":"457","author":"JC Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2395","article-title":"Molecular definition of the identity and activation of natural killer cells","volume":"13","author":"NA Bezman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00187","article-title":"The Critical Role of IL-15\u2013PI3K\u2013mTOR Pathway in Natural Killer Cell Effector Functions","volume":"5","author":"N Nandagopal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20072446","article-title":"Continuous engagement of a self-specific activation receptor induces NK cell tolerance","volume":"205","author":"SK Tripathy","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4672","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-453738","article-title":"LAMP1\/CD107a is required for efficient perforin delivery to lytic granules and NK-cell cytotoxicity","volume":"121","author":"K Krzewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.1.7","article-title":"Cutting Edge: Ly-49D and Ly-49H Associate with Mouse DAP12 and Form Activating Receptors","volume":"161","author":"KM Smith","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.66.1.165","article-title":"Induction of DAP12 phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, and cytokine secretion by Ly49H","volume":"66","author":"P Gosselin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.04.075","article-title":"The Size of Activating and Inhibitory Killer Ig-like Receptor Nanoclusters Is Controlled by the Transmembrane Sequence and Affects Signaling","volume":"15","author":"A Oszmiana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-429241","article-title":"Inositol tetrakisphosphate limits NK cell effector functions by controlling PI3K signaling","volume":"121","author":"K Sauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-362-6_10","article-title":"Measuring Intracellular Calcium Signaling in Murine NK Cells by Flow Cytometry","volume":"612","author":"AW MacFarlane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, NJ)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-11-71","article-title":"Resolving the titer of murine cytomegalovirus by plaque assay using the M2-10B4 cell line and a low viscosity overlay","volume":"11","author":"KA Zurbach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virology Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.98960","article-title":"Interleukin-7 restores lymphocytes in septic shock: the IRIS-7 randomized clinical trial","volume":"3","author":"B Francois","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4A1215-581R","article-title":"Interleukin 7 immunotherapy improves host immunity and survival in a two\u2010hit model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia","volume":"101","author":"Y Shindo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000317","article-title":"Interleukin-7 and Anti\u2013Programmed Cell Death 1 Antibody Have Differing Effects to Reverse Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression","volume":"43","author":"Y Shindo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis383","article-title":"Interleukin-7 Ameliorates Immune Dysfunction and Improves Survival in a 2-Hit Model of Fungal Sepsis","volume":"206","author":"J Unsinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3768","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903151","article-title":"IL-7 Promotes T Cell Viability, Trafficking, and Functionality and Improves Survival in Sepsis","volume":"184","author":"J Unsinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0148452","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148452","article-title":"IL-15 Superagonist Expands mCD8+ T, NK and NKT Cells after Burn Injury but Fails to Improve Outcome during Burn Wound Infection","volume":"11","author":"NK Patil","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1102829","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2015.1102829","article-title":"IL-2\/anti-IL-2 mAb immunocomplexes: A renascence of IL-2 in cancer immunotherapy?","volume":"5","author":"J Tomala","year":"2016","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005199","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005199","article-title":"The Timing of Stimulation and IL-2 Signaling Regulate Secondary CD8 T Cell Responses","volume":"11","author":"SH Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS Pathogens"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1524","article-title":"NKG2D signaling is coupled to the interleukin 15 receptor signaling pathway","volume":"8","author":"T Horng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2017.02.014","article-title":"IL-15 stimulates NKG2D while promoting IgM expression of B-1a cells","volume":"95","author":"AK Ghosh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.5.2098","article-title":"Cytokine-enhanced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Positive modulatory effects of IL-2 and IL-12 on stimulus-dependent granule exocytosis","volume":"152","author":"JD Bonnema","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4904","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900284","article-title":"In Vivo Expansion of Activated Naive CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T Cells and NK Cells Driven by Complexes of IL-2 and Anti-IL-2 Monoclonal Antibody As Novel Approach of Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"183","author":"J Tomala","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.06.012","article-title":"Elucidating Sources and Roles of Granzymes A and B during Bacterial Infection and Sepsis","volume":"8","author":"A Arias Maykel","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23196","article-title":"Induction of prolonged survival of CD4+ T lymphocytes by intermittent IL-2 therapy in HIV-infected patients","volume":"115","author":"JA Kovacs","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.2.893","article-title":"IL-2 Mediates Protection Against Abscess Formation in an Experimental Model of Sepsis","volume":"163","author":"AO Tzianabos","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.5.1735","article-title":"Extravasation of intravascular fluid mediated by the systemic administration of recombinant interleukin 2","volume":"137","author":"M Rosenstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"ref98","article-title":"Goodman and Gilman&apos;s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics","author":"L Goodman","year":"2011"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6584","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001215","article-title":"IL-2 Complex Treatment Can Protect Naive Mice from Bacterial and Viral Infection","volume":"185","author":"SE Hamilton","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11906","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002569107","article-title":"Improved IL-2 immunotherapy by selective stimulation of IL-2 receptors on lymphocytes and endothelial cells","volume":"107","author":"C Krieg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700127","article-title":"IL-7 Restores T Lymphocyte Immunometabolic Failure in Septic Shock Patients through mTOR Activation","volume":"199","author":"F Venet","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12326","article-title":"Co\u2010evolution of MHC class I and variable NK cell receptors in placental mammals","volume":"267","author":"A. GL","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunological Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-02-0350","article-title":"Natural killer cell receptors: new biology and insights into the graft-versus-leukemia effect","volume":"100","author":"SS Farag","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4HI0616-255R","article-title":"Frontline Science: Defects in immune function in patients with sepsis are associated with PD\u20101 or PD\u2010L1 expression and can be restored by antibodies targeting PD\u20101 or PD\u2010L1","volume":"100","author":"C. PA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2016.08.099","article-title":"Anti-PD-L1 peptide improves survival in sepsis","volume":"208","author":"Y Shindo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Surgical Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.05.021","article-title":"Targeting Tetramer-Forming GABP\u03b2 Isoforms Impairs Self-Renewal of Hematopoietic and Leukemic Stem Cells","volume":"11","author":"S Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005219","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005219","article-title":"Phenotypic and Functional Alterations in Circulating Memory CD8 T Cells with Time after Primary Infection","volume":"11","author":"MD Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS Pathogens"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2015.01.012","article-title":"GADS is required for TCR-mediated calcium influx and cytokine release, but not cellular adhesion, in human T cells","volume":"27","author":"MY Bilal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cellular Signalling"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53011","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053011","article-title":"Non-Catalytic Functions of Pyk2 and Fyn Regulate Late Stage Adhesion in Human T Cells","volume":"7","author":"NM Chapman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3773","article-title":"The transcription factor Runx3 guards cytotoxic CD8+ effector T cells against deviation towards follicular helper T cell lineage","volume":"18","author":"Q Shan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp120","article-title":"TopHat: discovering splice junctions with RNA-Seq","volume":"25","author":"C Trapnell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656","article-title":"featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features","volume":"30","author":"Y Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","article-title":"limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies","volume":"43","author":"ME Ritchie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R106","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2010-11-10-r106","article-title":"Differential expression analysis for sequence count data","volume":"11","author":"S Anders","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Biology"},{"issue":"43","key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4537","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501071","article-title":"Enhancing Dendritic Cell\u2013based Immunotherapy with IL-2\/Monoclonal Antibody Complexes for Control of Established Tumors","volume":"195","author":"MT Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541980800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T16:39:26Z","timestamp":1694018366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Munz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"references-count":116,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007405","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]}}}