{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:33:35Z","timestamp":1785202415057,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008413","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000}}],"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI11871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI11871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI134195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI134195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Otis Childs Trust of the Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T18:46:45Z","timestamp":1596134805000},"page":"e1008413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["SIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis synergy within the granuloma accelerates the reactivation pattern of latent tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7635-9699","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Collin R.","family":"Diedrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Rutledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5188-8420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pauline","family":"Maiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-9464","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tonilynn M.","family":"Baranowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander G.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Jacob","family":"Borish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7606-6693","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul","family":"Karell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3801-4673","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Forrest","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6806-8499","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jessica","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7565-9975","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Fortune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7874-8981","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"JoAnne L.","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8610-2766","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zandrea","family":"Ambrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-3714","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philana Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1008413.ref001","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2018","author":"WH Organization","year":"2019"},{"issue":"13","key":"ppat.1008413.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32832d3b6d","article-title":"Short-term and long-term risk of tuberculosis associated with CD4 cell recovery during antiretroviral therapy in South Africa","volume":"23","author":"SD Lawn","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1008413.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0032","article-title":"Impact of human immunodeficiency virus and CD4 count on tuberculosis diagnosis: analysis of city-wide data from Cape Town, South Africa","volume":"17","author":"RK Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1008413.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9910055","article-title":"Tuberculosis in the homeless\u2014A prospective study","volume":"162","author":"AR Moss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1008413.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2012.0028","article-title":"CD4 T cell depletion exacerbates acute Mycobacterium tuberculosis while reactivation of latent infection is dependent on severity of tissue depletion in cynomolgus macaques","volume":"28","author":"PL Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1008413.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2009.01424.x","article-title":"Penitentiary or penthouse condo: the tuberculous granuloma from the microbe's point of view","volume":"12","author":"C Paige","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cellular microbiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1008413.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00592-09","article-title":"Quantitative comparison of active and latent tuberculosis in the cynomolgus macaque model","volume":"77","author":"PL Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1008413.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5831","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.10.5831-5844.2003","article-title":"Experimental Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of cynomolgus macaques closely resembles the various manifestations of human M. tuberculosis infection","volume":"71","author":"SV Capuano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1008413.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004603","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004603","article-title":"Variability in tuberculosis granuloma T cell responses exists, but a balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is associated with sterilization","volume":"11","author":"HP Gideon","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens"},{"key":"ppat.1008413.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2016.02.010","article-title":"'Hern J, Wilkinson RJ. HIV-1 and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis granuloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"O Diedrich CR","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1008413.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9611","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009611","article-title":"Reactivation of latent tuberculosis in cynomolgus macaques infected with SIV is associated with early peripheral T cell depletion and not virus load","volume":"5","author":"CR Diedrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1008413.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3527","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003773","article-title":"Simian immunodeficiency virus-induced changes in T cell cytokine responses in cynomolgus macaques with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection are associated with timing of reactivation","volume":"186","author":"JT Mattila","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1008413.ref013","first-page":"2174","article-title":"SIV Infection Facilitates Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection of Rhesus Macaques","volume":"7","author":"M Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1008413.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.021","article-title":"HIV-1 and SIV Infection Are Associated with Early Loss of Lung Interstitial CD4+ T Cells and Dissemination of Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"26","author":"B Corleis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Reports"},{"issue":"38","key":"ppat.1008413.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5636","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611987113","article-title":"CD4 +T-cell\u2013independent mechanisms suppress reactivation of latent tuberculosis in a macaque model of HIV coinfection","volume":"113","author":"TW Foreman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1008413.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix625","article-title":"High Turnover of Tissue Macrophages Contributes to Tuberculosis Reactivation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques","volume":"217","author":"MJ Kuroda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1008413.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00565-18","article-title":"Preexisting Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Increases Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Mauritian Cynomolgus Macaques","volume":"86","author":"MA Rodgers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1008413.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005739","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005739","article-title":"PET CT Identifies Reactivation Risk in Cynomolgus Macaques with Latent M. tuberculosis","volume":"12","author":"PL Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1008413.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3412","article-title":"Sterilization of granulomas is common in active and latent tuberculosis despite within-host variability in bacterial killing","volume":"20","author":"PL Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1008413.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4161","article-title":"Characterization of progressive HIV-associated tuberculosis using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission and computed tomography","volume":"22","author":"H Esmail","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1008413.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00312","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00312-17","article-title":"Digitally Barcoding Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reveals In Vivo Infection Dynamics in the Macaque Model of Tuberculosis","volume":"8","author":"CJ Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1008413.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00505-17","article-title":"Rhesus Macaques Are More Susceptible to Progressive Tuberculosis than Cynomolgus Macaques: a Quantitative Comparison","volume":"86","author":"P Maiello","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1008413.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1007337","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007337","article-title":"Lymph nodes are sites of prolonged bacterial persistence during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in macaques","volume":"14","author":"SKC Ganchua","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1008413.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00277-13","article-title":"Radiologic Responses in Cynomolgus Macaques for Assessing Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Regimens","volume":"57","author":"PL Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ppat.1008413.ref025","article-title":"Analysis of 18FDG PET\/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates","author":"AG White","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1008413.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0185162","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185162","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis reactivates latent HIV-1 in T cells in vitro","volume":"12","author":"EC Larson","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"265","key":"ppat.1008413.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265ra167","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009500","article-title":"PET\/CT imaging reveals a therapeutic response to oxazolidinones in macaques and humans with tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"MT Coleman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1008413.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/jmp.12399","article-title":"CD4CD8 Double Positive T cell responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in cynomolgus macaques","volume":"48","author":"CR Diedrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Primatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1008413.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7762","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01937-15","article-title":"Low Frequency of Drug-Resistant Variants Selected by Long-Acting Rilpivirine in Macaques Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Containing HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase","volume":"59","author":"K Melody","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1008413.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.21015","article-title":"SPICE: exploration and analysis of post-cytometric complex multivariate datasets","volume":"79","author":"M Roederer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1008413.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4022","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00106-10","article-title":"Effects of in vitro HIV-1 infection on mycobacterial growth in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages","volume":"78","author":"S Pathak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1008413.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011614","article-title":"Maximal HIV-1 replication in alveolar macrophages during tuberculosis requires both lymphocyte contact and cytokines","volume":"195","author":"Y Hoshino","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1008413.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199906180-00002","article-title":"CD4 T cells remain the major source of HIV-1 during end stage disease","volume":"13","author":"ME van der Ende","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1008413.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1086\/323649","article-title":"Anatomically compartmentalized human immunodeficiency virus replication in HLA-DR+ cells and CD14+ macrophages at the site of pleural tuberculosis coinfection","volume":"184","author":"SD Lawn","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1008413.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2013.02.009","article-title":"Immunohistological characterization of spinal TB granulomas from HIV-negative and -positive patients","volume":"93","author":"S Danaviah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1008413.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.1.546-551.2005","article-title":"Replication dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in chronically infected mice","volume":"73","author":"EJ Munoz-Elias","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"23","key":"ppat.1008413.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11001","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.23.11001-11007.2000","article-title":"T cells in lymphoid tissues during simian immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"74","author":"RS Veazey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ppat.1008413.ref038","article-title":"Mechanisms of reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection due to SIV co-infection","author":"AN Bucsan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1008413.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4931","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.9.4931-4934.1999","article-title":"Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551 and H37Rv in rabbits evaluated by Lurie's pulmonary tubercle count method","volume":"67","author":"WR Bishai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1008413.ref040","first-page":"412","article-title":"Very Low Doses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Yield Diverse Host Outcomes in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)","volume":"66","author":"AM Cadena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"ppat.1008413.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100090","article-title":"Preferential infection and depletion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells after HIV-1 infection","volume":"207","author":"C Geldmacher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1008413.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1086\/593017","article-title":"Early depletion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T helper 1 cell responses after HIV-1 infection","volume":"198","author":"C Geldmacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1008413.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix529","article-title":"Effect of HIV on the Frequency and Number of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4+ T Cells in Blood and Airways During Latent M. tuberculosis Infection","volume":"216","author":"R Bunjun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1008413.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy052","article-title":"Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Impairs Th1 and Th17 Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific T-Cell Responses","volume":"217","author":"LW Murray","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1008413.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.05.025","article-title":"Reduced T(H)1\/T(H)17 CD4 T-cell numbers are associated with impaired purified protein derivative-specific cytokine responses in patients with HIV-1 infection","volume":"128","author":"S Clark","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1008413.ref046","first-page":"3006","article-title":"HIV Skews the Lineage-Defining Transcriptional Profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific CD4+","volume":"196","author":"C Riou","year":"2016","journal-title":"T Cells. J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1008413.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1086\/426827","article-title":"How soon after infection with HIV does the risk of tuberculosis start to increase? A retrospective cohort study in South African gold miners","volume":"191","author":"P Sonnenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1008413.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.021","article-title":"HIV-1 and SIV Infection Are Associated with Early Loss of Lung Interstitial CD4+ T Cells and Dissemination of Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"26","author":"B Corleis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1008413.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01126-10","article-title":"HIV-1\/mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection immunology: how does HIV-1 exacerbate tuberculosis","volume":"79","author":"CR Diedrich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1008413.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01582-4","article-title":"Tuberculosis unleashed: the impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the host granulomatous response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"SD Lawn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1008413.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00042-10","article-title":"HIV and tuberculosis: a deadly human syndemic","volume":"24","author":"CK Kwan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1008413.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6973","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.10.6973","article-title":"HIV impairs TNF-alpha mediated macrophage apoptotic response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"179","author":"NR Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1008413.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0908574","article-title":"Impaired M. tuberculosis-mediated apoptosis in alveolar macrophages from HIV+ persons: potential role of IL-10 and BCL-3","volume":"86","author":"NR Patel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"ppat.1008413.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-6-1353","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan can induce NF-kappaB-dependent activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat in T cells","volume":"79","author":"R Bernier","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1008413.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.69","article-title":"Heterogeneity in tuberculosis","volume":"17","author":"AM Cadena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1008413.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032712-095939","article-title":"The immune response in tuberculosis","volume":"31","author":"A O'Garra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1008413.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6116","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006116","article-title":"HIV-1 replication is differentially regulated by distinct clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"S Ranjbar","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008413","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008413","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T15:34:30Z","timestamp":1597160070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008413"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Padmini","family":"Salgame","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008413","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.02.21.959353","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]}}}