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Dynamic regulation of host microRNA (miRNA) expression is a conserved feature of mycobacterial infections across host-pathogen pairings. Here we examine the role of miR-206 in the zebrafish model of\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium marinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, which allows investigation of the early stages of granuloma formation. We find miR-206 is upregulated following infection by pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>marinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and that antagomir-mediated knockdown of miR-206 is protective against infection. We observed striking upregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>cxcl12a<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>cxcr4b<\/jats:italic>\n                    in infected miR-206 knockdown zebrafish embryos and live imaging revealed enhanced recruitment of neutrophils to sites of infection. We used CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated knockdown of\n                    <jats:italic>cxcl12a<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>cxcr4b<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression and AMD3100 inhibition of Cxcr4 to show that the enhanced neutrophil response and reduced bacterial burden caused by miR-206 knockdown was dependent on the Cxcl12\/Cxcr4 signalling axis. Together, our data illustrate a pathway through which pathogenic mycobacteria induce host miR-206 expression to suppress Cxcl12\/Cxcr4 signalling and prevent protective neutrophil recruitment to granulomas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T14:52:48Z","timestamp":1617807168000},"page":"e1009186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Mycobacterial infection-induced miR-206 inhibits protective neutrophil recruitment via the CXCL12\/CXCR4 signalling axis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6508-3386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5973-5077","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kumudika","family":"de Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7126-9865","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karren M.","family":"Plain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1941-6658","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Auriol C.","family":"Purdie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8977-128X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tamika A.","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4868-7350","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Iain G.","family":"Duggin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6721-9646","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Warwick J.","family":"Britton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0260-672X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefan H.","family":"Oehlers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1009186.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftaa015","article-title":"Host-directed therapies targeting the tuberculosis granuloma stroma","volume":"78","author":"E Hortle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens and Disease"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1009186.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3211","article-title":"Revisiting the role of the granuloma in tuberculosis","volume":"12","author":"L. 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