{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T01:38:37Z","timestamp":1790473117210,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000}}],"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI131662"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI131662"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI140499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI140499"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most individuals who consume foods contaminated with the bacterial pathogen<jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>(Lm) develop mild symptoms, while others are susceptible to life-threatening systemic infections (listeriosis). Although it is known that the risk of severe disease is increased in certain human populations, including the elderly, it remains unclear why others who consume contaminated food develop listeriosis. Here, we used a murine model to discover that pulmonary coinfections can impair the host\u2019s ability to adequately control and eradicate systemic Lm that cross from the intestines to the bloodstream. We found that the resistance of mice to oral Lm infection was dramatically reduced by coinfection with<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>(Spn), a bacterium that colonizes the respiratory tract and can also cause severe infections in the elderly. Exposure to Spn or microbial products, including a recombinant Lm protein (L1S) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), rendered otherwise resistant hosts susceptible to severe systemic Lm infection. In addition, we show that this increase in susceptibility was dependent on an increase in the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) from<jats:italic>Ncr1<\/jats:italic>+ cells, including natural killer (NK) cells. Lastly, the ability of<jats:italic>Ncr1<\/jats:italic>+ cell derived IL-10 to increase disease susceptibility correlated with a dampening of both myeloid cell accumulation and myeloid cell phagocytic capacity in infected tissues. These data suggest that efforts to minimize inflammation in response to an insult at the respiratory mucosa render the host more susceptible to infections by Lm and possibly other pathogens that access the oral mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T22:50:30Z","timestamp":1618959030000},"page":"e1009531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pulmonary insults exacerbate susceptibility to oral Listeria monocytogenes infection through the production of IL-10 by NK cells"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0095-9022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikki","family":"Bortell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5239-9648","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth R.","family":"Aguilera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4933-8913","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laurel L.","family":"Lenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref001","article-title":"Gastrointestinal symptoms associated with COVID-19: impact on the gut microbiome","author":"S. 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Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/hiv\/mediacentre\/news\/hiv-tb-patient-centred-care\/en\/#.X4dYflm8YmM.mendeley"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00338","article-title":"Mechanisms of severe mortality-associated bacterial co-infections following influenza virus infection","author":"L Jia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology."},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01126-10","article-title":"HIV-1\/Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection immunology: How does HIV-1 exacerbate tuberculosis?","author":"CR Diedrich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref008","article-title":"Lethal Synergism between Influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae.","volume":"2","author":"JM Rudd","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Pulm Dis."},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00105","article-title":"Inflammation as a Modulator of Host Susceptibility to Pulmonary Influenza, Pneumococcal, and Co-Infections.","author":"ER Aguilera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in immunology."},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref010","unstructured":"CDC. CDC People at Risk. In: 2016 [Internet]. 2016 p. 1. Available: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/risk.html"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0505.990502","article-title":"Food-related illness and death in the United States","volume":"5","author":"PS Mead","year":"1999","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref012","article-title":"What is new in Listeriosis?","author":"A Hernandez-Milian","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Research International."},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.12.016","article-title":"A review of Listeria monocytogenes: An update on outbreaks, virulence, dose-response, ecology, and risk assessments.","author":"RL Buchanan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref014","unstructured":"Burden of Foodborne Illness: Findings | Estimates of Foodborne Illness | CDC. 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PNEUMONIAE PNEUMONIA-INDUCED MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME","volume":"31","author":"G Andonegui","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.12.001","article-title":"Regulatory Natural Killer Cells: New Players in the IL-10 Anti-Inflammatory Response.","volume":"6","author":"E Vivier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20082387","article-title":"Activating receptors promote NK cell expansion for maintenance, IL-10 production, and CD8 T cell regulation during viral infection","volume":"206","author":"SH Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042850","article-title":"IL-10 mediated regulation of liver inflammation during acute murine cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"7","author":"PJ Gaddi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.11.003","article-title":"Systemic but not local infections elicit immunosuppressive IL-10 production by Natural Killer cells","volume":"6","author":"G Perona-wright","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041789","article-title":"T cell-specific inactivation of the interleukin 10 gene in mice results in enhanced T cell responses but normal innate responses to lipopolysaccharide or skin irritation","volume":"200","author":"A Roers","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ppat.1009531.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18324","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112064108","article-title":"Fate mapping analysis of lymphoid cells expressing the NKp46 cell surface receptor","volume":"108","author":"E Narni-Mancinelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T12:23:27Z","timestamp":1698927807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jorn","family":"Coers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009531","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]}}}