{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:53:49Z","timestamp":1792788829523,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009550","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620777600000}}],"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001692","name":"Croucher Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001692","name":"Croucher Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002915","name":"Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002915","name":"Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Pasteur - Paris University (PPU) International PhD Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EndoSubvert"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EndoSubvert"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"French Government Programme Investissements d\u2019Avenir France BioImaging","award":["FBI, N\u00b0 ANR-10-INSB-04-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FBI, N\u00b0 ANR-10-INSB-04-01"]}]},{"name":"French Government Programme Investissements d\u2019Avenir France BioImaging","award":["FBI, N\u00b0 ANR-10-INSB-04-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FBI, N\u00b0 ANR-10-INSB-04-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium (\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium) is an enteric bacterium capable of invading a wide range of hosts, including rodents and humans. It targets different host cell types showing different intracellular lifestyles.\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium colonizes different intracellular niches and is able to either actively divide at various rates or remain dormant to persist. A comprehensive tool to determine these distinct\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium lifestyles remains lacking. Here we developed a novel fluorescent reporter,\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    INtracellular Analyzer (SINA), compatible for fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry in single-bacterium level quantification. This identified a\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium subpopulation in infected epithelial cells that exhibits a unique phenotype in comparison to the previously documented vacuolar or cytosolic\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium. This subpopulation entered a dormant state in a vesicular compartment distinct from the conventional\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -containing vacuoles (SCV) as well as the previously reported niche of dormant\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium in macrophages. The dormant\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium inside enterocytes were viable and expressed\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Pathogenicity Island 2 (SPI-2) virulence factors at later time points. We found that the formation of these dormant\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium is not triggered by the loss of SPI-2 effector secretion but it is regulated by (p)ppGpp-mediated stringent response through RelA and SpoT. We predict that intraepithelial dormant\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium represents an important pathogen niche and provides an alternative strategy for\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhimurium pathogenicity and its persistence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T13:51:27Z","timestamp":1619790687000},"page":"e1009550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Salmonella enters a dormant state within human epithelial cells for persistent infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5155-2257","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chak Hon","family":"Luk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5642-6188","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Camila","family":"Valenzuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9039-014X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5637-2415","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"L\u00e9a","family":"Swistak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perrine","family":"Bomme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4952-8941","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuen-Yan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1604-7308","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adeline","family":"Mallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5218-349X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jost","family":"Enninga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1009550.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30418-9","article-title":"The global burden of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"19","author":"JD Stanaway","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ppat.1009550.ref002","article-title":"International Conference on Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture Global impact of salmonellosis on health and economy.","volume":"4","author":"C. Shekhar","year":"2018","journal-title":"~ 93 ~ J Pharmacogn Phytochem"},{"key":"ppat.1009550.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00428","article-title":"Evolution of Salmonella-host cell interactions through a dynamic bacterial genome","author":"B Ilyas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. Frontiers Media S.A."},{"key":"ppat.1009550.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00164","article-title":"Salmonella enterica: a surprisingly well-adapted intracellular lifestyle","volume":"3","author":"T Dandekar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ppat.1009550.ref005","first-page":"270","article-title":"Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) and Its Complex Regulatory Network. 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