{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:32:41Z","timestamp":1787311961493,"version":"build-2736575974"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009846","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630972800000}}],"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SNF Sinergia","award":["CRSII5_186397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRSII5_186397"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012653","name":"Fondation Novartis Consumer Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["532114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["532114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 GM050545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 GM050545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The fruit fly\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n                    combats microbial infection by producing a battery of effector peptides that are secreted into the haemolymph. Technical difficulties prevented the investigation of these short effector genes until the recent advent of the CRISPR\/CAS era. As a consequence, many putative immune effectors remain to be formally described, and exactly how each of these effectors contribute to survival is not well characterized. Here we describe a novel\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    antifungal peptide gene that we name\n                    <jats:italic>Baramicin A<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We show that\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    encodes a precursor protein cleaved into multiple peptides via furin cleavage sites.\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    is strongly immune-induced in the fat body downstream of the Toll pathway, but also exhibits expression in other tissues. Importantly, we show that flies lacking\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    are viable but susceptible to the entomopathogenic fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Beauveria bassiana<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Consistent with\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    being directly antimicrobial, overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    promotes resistance to fungi and the IM10-like peptides produced by\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    synergistically inhibit growth of fungi in vitro when combined with a membrane-disrupting antifungal. Surprisingly,\n                    <jats:italic>BaraA<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant males but not females display an erect wing phenotype upon infection. Here, we characterize a new antifungal immune effector downstream of Toll signalling, and show it is a key contributor to the\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    antimicrobial response.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T13:40:09Z","timestamp":1629898809000},"page":"e1009846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["The Drosophila Baramicin polypeptide gene protects against fungal infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6125-3672","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark Austin","family":"Hanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6366-570X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lianne B.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Marra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9249-8998","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Igor","family":"Iatsenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1680-3011","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven A.","family":"Wasserman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7970-1667","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bruno","family":"Lemaitre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1009846.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141615","article-title":"The Host Defense of Drosophila Melanogaster","volume":"25","author":"B Lemaitre","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Review of Immunology"},{"key":"ppat.1009846.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1067","article-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans: An emerging genetic model for the study of innate immunity","volume":"4","author":"CL Kurz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature Reviews 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