{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:52:10Z","timestamp":1790387530803,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010012","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000}}],"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_166206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_166206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRSII5_173863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRSII5_173863"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_166206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_166206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRSII5_173863"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRSII5_173863"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRSII3_141848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRSII3_141848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["812969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["812969"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002915","name":"Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DBF20160635719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DBF20160635719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010467","name":"Office F\u00e9d\u00e9ral de l'Education et de la Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010467","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    As part of the human microbiota, the fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonizes the oral cavity and other mucosal surfaces of the human body. Commensalism is tightly controlled by complex interactions of the fungus and the host to preclude fungal elimination but also fungal overgrowth and invasion, which can result in disease. As such, defects in antifungal T cell immunity render individuals susceptible to oral thrush due to interrupted immunosurveillance of the oral mucosa. The factors that promote commensalism and ensure persistence of\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    in a fully immunocompetent host remain less clear. Using an experimental model of\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    oral colonization in mice we explored fungal determinants of commensalism in the oral cavity. Transcript profiling of the oral isolate 101 in the murine tongue tissue revealed a characteristic metabolic profile tailored to the nutrient poor conditions in the stratum corneum of the epithelium where the fungus resides. Metabolic adaptation of isolate 101 was also reflected in enhanced nutrient acquisition when grown on oral mucosa substrates. Persistent colonization of the oral mucosa by\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    also correlated inversely with the capacity of the fungus to induce epithelial cell damage and to elicit an inflammatory response. Here we show that these immune evasive properties of isolate 101 are explained by a strong attenuation of a number of virulence genes, including those linked to filamentation. De-repression of the hyphal program by deletion or conditional repression of\n                    <jats:italic>NRG1<\/jats:italic>\n                    abolished the commensal behaviour of isolate 101, thereby establishing a central role of this factor in the commensal lifestyle of\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the oral niche of the host.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T13:36:47Z","timestamp":1649684207000},"page":"e1010012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Candida albicans commensalism in the oral mucosa is favoured by limited virulence and metabolic adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4327-3394","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christina","family":"Lemberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3320-7035","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kontxi","family":"Martinez de San Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Fr\u00f3is-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2514-0299","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon","family":"Altmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2074-5029","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Van Du T.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Mertens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Amorim-Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7974-0196","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laxmi Shanker","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6235-3886","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christophe","family":"d\u2019Enfert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Pagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5244-4178","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dominique","family":"Sanglard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5724-4837","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Salom\u00e9","family":"LeibundGut-Landmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref001","volume-title":"Candida and candidiasis","author":"RA Calderone","year":"2012","edition":"2"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2017.10.016","article-title":"Inborn errors of immunity underlying fungal diseases in otherwise healthy individuals","volume":"40","author":"J Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04787-4","article-title":"Gene flow contributes to diversification of the major fungal pathogen Candida albicans","volume":"9","author":"J Ropars","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.174623.114","article-title":"Genetic and phenotypic intra-species variation in Candida albicans","volume":"25","author":"MP Hirakawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00387-08","article-title":"Property differences among the four major Candida albicans strain clades","volume":"8","author":"DM MacCallum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003315","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003315","article-title":"Differential adaptation of Candida albicans in vivo modulates immune recognition by dectin-1.","volume":"9","author":"MJ Marakalala","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens."},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.2","article-title":"The intraspecies diversity of C. albicans triggers qualitatively and temporally distinct host responses that determine the balance between commensalism and pathogenicity.","volume":"10","author":"FA Sch\u00f6nherr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2021.05.012","article-title":"The microbial and host factors that govern Candida gastrointestinal colonization and dissemination","volume":"63","author":"AA Mishra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1010012.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.605","article-title":"Systematic screens of a Candida albicans homozygous deletion library decouple morphogenetic switching and pathogenicity","volume":"42","author":"SM Noble","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1010012.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2710","article-title":"Passage through the mammalian gut triggers a phenotypic switch that promotes Candida albicans commensalism","volume":"45","author":"K Pande","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001510","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001510","article-title":"Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenicity are intertwined traits directed by a tightly knit transcriptional regulatory circuit","volume":"11","author":"JC Perez","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"6414","key":"ppat.1010012.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat0537","article-title":"Experimental evolution of a fungal pathogen into a gut symbiont","volume":"362","author":"GHW Tso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1010012.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12890","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12890","article-title":"Systematic gene overexpression in Candida albicans identifies a regulator of early adaptation to the mammalian gut","volume":"20","author":"S Znaidi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1010012.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1006699","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006699","article-title":"The yeast form of the fungus Candida albicans promotes persistence in the gut of gnotobiotic mice","volume":"13","author":"L Bohm","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.02.008","article-title":"Candida albicans Morphogenesis Programs Control the Balance between Gut Commensalism and Invasive Infection","volume":"25","author":"JN Witchley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00915-18","article-title":"Candida albicans-Induced Epithelial Damage Mediates Translocation through Intestinal Barriers.","volume":"9","author":"S Allert","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000713","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000713","article-title":"Characterization of the oral fungal microbiome (mycobiome) in healthy individuals.","volume":"6","author":"MA Ghannoum","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens."},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411940050020101","article-title":"Candida and oral candidosis: a review","volume":"5","author":"C Scully","year":"1994","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oral Biol Med"},{"issue":"43","key":"ppat.1010012.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau4594","article-title":"Regulation of host-microbe interactions at oral mucosal barriers by type 17 immunity","volume":"5","author":"SL Gaffen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00330","article-title":"Persistence of Candida albicans in the Oral Mucosa Induces a Curbed Inflammatory Host Response That Is Independent of Immunosuppression.","volume":"10","author":"FR Kirchner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref021","article-title":"Tissue-resident memory Th17 cells maintain stable fungal commensalism in the oral mucosa.","author":"F Kirchner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.1099","article-title":"GFP as a quantitative reporter of gene regulation in Candida albicans","volume":"21","author":"CJ Barelle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Yeast"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1010012.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005882","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005882","article-title":"IL-1 Coordinates the Neutrophil Response to C. albicans in the Oral Mucosa.","volume":"12","author":"S Altmeier","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens."},{"issue":"7597","key":"ppat.1010012.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17625","article-title":"Candidalysin is a fungal peptide toxin critical for mucosal infection","volume":"532","author":"DL Moyes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20081463","article-title":"Th17 cells and IL-17 receptor signaling are essential for mucosal host defense against oral candidiasis","volume":"206","author":"HR Conti","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202924","article-title":"Cutting edge: IL-17-secreting innate lymphoid cells are essential for host defense against fungal infection","volume":"190","author":"A Gladiator","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00942","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00942-15","article-title":"RNA Enrichment Method for Quantitative Transcriptional Analysis of Pathogens In Vivo Applied to the Fungus Candida albicans","volume":"6","author":"S Amorim-Vaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050064","article-title":"Als3 is a Candida albicans invasin that binds to cadherins and induces endocytosis by host cells","volume":"5","author":"QT Phan","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"29","key":"ppat.1010012.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30480","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401929200","article-title":"Functional and structural diversity in the Als protein family of Candida albicans","volume":"279","author":"DC Sheppard","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00935.x","article-title":"Invasion of Candida albicans correlates with expression of secreted aspartic proteinases during experimental infection of human epidermis","volume":"114","author":"M Schaller","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"17","key":"ppat.1010012.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4742","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.17.4742","article-title":"NRG1 represses yeast-hypha morphogenesis and hypha-specific gene expression in Candida albicans","volume":"20","author":"AM Murad","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"16","key":"ppat.1010012.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5053","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00820-14","article-title":"Uptake and metabolism of N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine by Streptococcus mutans","volume":"80","author":"ZD Moye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(61)90133-9","article-title":"The free amino acid composition of human saliva","volume":"3","author":"GC Battistone","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1010012.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.10144","article-title":"Epithelial barrier function: assembly and structural features of the cornified cell envelope","volume":"24","author":"AE Kalinin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref035","first-page":"e01376","article-title":"N-Acetylglucosamine-Induced Cell Death in Candida albicans and Its Implications for Adaptive Mechanisms of Nutrient Sensing in Yeasts.","volume":"6","author":"H Du","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02178-17","article-title":"Processing of Candida albicans Ece1p Is Critical for Candidalysin Maturation and Fungal Virulence.","volume":"9","author":"JP Richardson","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref037","first-page":"e13378","article-title":"Candidalysin delivery to the invasion pocket is critical for host epithelial damage induced by Candida albicans","author":"S Mogavero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1010012.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1009884","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009884","article-title":"A variant ECE1 allele contributes to reduced pathogenicity of Candida albicans during vulvovaginal candidiasis.","volume":"17","author":"J Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens."},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01417-13","article-title":"Fungal morphogenetic pathways are required for the hallmark inflammatory response during Candida albicans vaginitis","volume":"82","author":"BM Peters","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.2.5.1053-1060.2003","article-title":"Engineered control of cell morphology in vivo reveals distinct roles for yeast and filamentous forms of Candida albicans during infection","volume":"2","author":"SP Saville","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3899","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24095-8","article-title":"Rapid proliferation due to better metabolic adaptation results in full virulence of a filament-deficient Candida albicans strain.","volume":"12","author":"C Dunker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"17","key":"ppat.1010012.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4753","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.17.4753","article-title":"NRG1, a repressor of filamentous growth in C.albicans, is down-regulated during filament induction","volume":"20","author":"BR Braun","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12388","article-title":"Candida albicans colonization and dissemination from the murine gastrointestinal tract: the influence of morphology and Th17 immunity","volume":"17","author":"S Vautier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"issue":"7870","key":"ppat.1010012.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03722-w","article-title":"Adaptive immunity induces mutualism between commensal eukaryotes","volume":"596","author":"KS Ost","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05965.x","article-title":"Differential regulation of the transcriptional repressor NRG1 accounts for altered host-cell interactions in Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis","volume":"66","author":"GP Moran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1010012.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.111.000885","article-title":"High-Resolution SNP\/CGH Microarrays Reveal the Accumulation of Loss of Heterozygosity in Commonly Used Candida albicans Strains.","volume":"1","author":"D Abbey","year":"2011","journal-title":"G3 (Bethesda)."},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/fow020","article-title":"Ploidy plasticity: a rapid and reversible strategy for adaptation to stress","volume":"16","author":"J. Berman","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1007787","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007787","article-title":"Circuit diversification in a biofilm regulatory network.","volume":"15","author":"MY Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens."},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0344721","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03447-21","article-title":"Systematic Genetic Interaction Analysis Identifies a Transcription Factor Circuit Required for Oropharyngeal Candidiasis.","author":"NV Solis","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.01.012","article-title":"Murine model of concurrent oral and vaginal Candida albicans colonization to study epithelial host-pathogen interactions","volume":"9","author":"D Rahman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1619","article-title":"The cornified envelope: a model of cell death in the skin","volume":"6","author":"E Candi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03070-19","article-title":"Multiple Alternative Carbon Pathways Combine To Promote Candida albicans Stress Resistance, Immune Interactions, and Virulence.","volume":"11","author":"RB Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1010012.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0287821","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02878-21","article-title":"Candida albicans Isolates 529L and CHN1 Exhibit Stable Colonization of the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract.","volume":"12","author":"LD McDonough","year":"2021","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1010012.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.039719","article-title":"Keeping Candida commensal: how lactobacilli antagonize pathogenicity of Candida albicans in an in vitro gut model.","volume":"12","author":"K Graf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Disease models & mechanisms"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1010012.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0184438","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184438","article-title":"Antifungal defense of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is mediated by blocking adhesion and nutrient depletion.","volume":"12","author":"D Mailander-Sanchez","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105327","article-title":"Design and Synthesis of New Drugs Inhibitors of Candida albicans Hyphae and Biofilm Formation by Upregulating the Expression of TUP1 Transcription Repressor Gene","author":"R Hamdy","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00328721","article-title":"Isolation of the Candida albicans gene for orotidine-5\u2019-phosphate decarboxylase by complementation of S. cerevisiae ura3 and E. coli pyrF mutations","volume":"198","author":"AM Gillum","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mol Gen Genet"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1010012.ref058","first-page":"471","article-title":"Phylogeny and Diversity of Candida albicans Vaginal Isolates from Three Continents","volume":"3","author":"K Sdoudi","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0865-y","article-title":"Candidemia and candiduria in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units in France: incidence, molecular diversity, management and outcome.","volume":"34","author":"ME Bougnoux","year":"2008","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"14","key":"ppat.1010012.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6935","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky594","article-title":"Generating genomic platforms to study Candida albicans pathogenesis","volume":"46","author":"M Legrand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1010012.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45912","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045912","article-title":"A versatile overexpression strategy in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans: identification of regulators of morphogenesis and fitness","volume":"7","author":"M Chauvel","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2004.06.021","article-title":"The SAT1 flipper, an optimized tool for gene disruption in Candida albicans","volume":"341","author":"O Reuss","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1010012.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02512-19","article-title":"Comparative Genomics for the Elucidation of Multidrug Resistance in Candida lusitaniae.","volume":"10","author":"A Kannan","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00294-017-0720-9","article-title":"Improved Tet-On and Tet-Off systems for tetracycline-regulated expression of genes in Candida","volume":"64","author":"S Bijlani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1010012.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.1813","article-title":"Transformation of Candida albicans with a synthetic hygromycin B resistance gene","volume":"27","author":"LR Basso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Yeast"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.2.1239-1242.2005","article-title":"CaNAT1, a heterologous dominant selectable marker for transformation of Candida albicans and other pathogenic Candida species","volume":"73","author":"J Shen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01478","article-title":"Red-Shifted Firefly Luciferase Optimized for Candida albicans In vivo Bioluminescence Imaging","volume":"8","author":"S Dorsaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref068","first-page":"621","article-title":"Characteristics of four new human cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck","volume":"75","author":"HT Rupniak","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1010012.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36952","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036952","article-title":"Candida albicans-epithelial interactions: dissecting the roles of active penetration, induced endocytosis and host factors on the infection process.","volume":"7","author":"B Wachtler","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17046","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017046","article-title":"From attachment to damage: defined genes of Candida albicans mediate adhesion, invasion and damage during interaction with oral epithelial cells.","volume":"6","author":"B Wachtler","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.011","article-title":"Mouse model of oropharyngeal candidiasis.","volume":"7","author":"NV Solis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1010012.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201970107","article-title":"Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition).","volume":"49","author":"A Cossarizza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00367","article-title":"Examining the virulence of Candida albicans transcription factor mutants using Galleria mellonella and mouse infection models.","volume":"6","author":"S Amorim-Vaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1010012.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr026","article-title":"Quality control and preprocessing of metagenomic datasets","volume":"27","author":"R Schmieder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1010012.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","article-title":"STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner","volume":"29","author":"A Dobin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1010012.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R36","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-4-r36","article-title":"TopHat2: accurate alignment of transcriptomes in the presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions","volume":"14","author":"D Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu638","article-title":"HTSeq\u2014a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data","volume":"31","author":"S Anders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1010012.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R25","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2010-11-3-r25","article-title":"A scaling normalization method for differential expression analysis of RNA-seq data","volume":"11","author":"MD Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1010012.ref079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R29","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2014-15-2-r29","article-title":"voom: Precision weights unlock linear model analysis tools for RNA-seq read counts","volume":"15","author":"CW Law","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"ppat.1010012.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological)."},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1010012.ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq064","article-title":"GOSemSim: an R package for measuring semantic similarity among GO terms and gene products","volume":"26","author":"G Yu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"18","key":"ppat.1010012.ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2847","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw313","article-title":"Complex heatmaps reveal patterns and correlations in multidimensional genomic data","volume":"32","author":"Z Gu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010012","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650931200000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]],"date-time":"2024-09-21T19:34:08Z","timestamp":1726947248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010012"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Damian J.","family":"Krysan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010012","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.10.11.463879","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]}}}