{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:58:05Z","timestamp":1773032285823,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010876","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000}}],"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75D30120C09870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75D30120C09870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75D30121C11060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75D30121C11060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant of Concern is highly transmissible and contains mutations that confer partial immune escape. The emergence of Delta in North America caused the first surge in COVID-19 cases after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines became widely available. To determine whether individuals infected despite vaccination might be capable of transmitting SARS-CoV-2, we compared RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) data from 20,431 test-positive anterior nasal swab specimens from fully vaccinated (n = 9,347) or unvaccinated (n = 11,084) individuals tested at a single commercial laboratory during the interval 28 June\u2013 1 December 2021 when Delta variants were predominant. We observed no significant effect of vaccine status alone on Ct value, nor when controlling for vaccine product or sex. Testing a subset of low-Ct (&lt;25) samples, we detected infectious virus at similar rates, and at similar titers, in specimens from vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. These data indicate that vaccinated individuals infected with Delta variants are capable of shedding infectious SARS-CoV-2 and could play a role in spreading COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T13:57:56Z","timestamp":1664546276000},"page":"e1010876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 despite vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Kasen K.","family":"Riemersma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis A.","family":"Haddock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy A.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Minor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Eickhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittany E.","family":"Grogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Kita-Yarbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Halfmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah E.","family":"Segaloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kocharian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelsey R.","family":"Florek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Westergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Bateman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunnar E.","family":"Jeppson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Kawaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8852-2855","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katarina M.","family":"Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1010876.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7023e2","article-title":"Decreases in COVID-19 Cases, Emergency Department Visits, Hospital Admissions, and Deaths Among Older Adults Following the Introduction of COVID-19 Vaccine\u2014United States, September 6, 2020-May 1, 2021","volume":"70","author":"A Christie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"ppat.1010876.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0254456","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254456","article-title":"The impact of vaccination to control COVID-19 burden in the United States: A simulation modeling approach","volume":"16","author":"O Alagoz","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ppat.1010876.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7019e3","article-title":"Modeling of Future COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalizations, and Deaths, by Vaccination Rates and Nonpharmaceutical Intervention Scenarios\u2014United States, April-September 2021","volume":"70","author":"RK Borchering","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ppat.1010876.ref004","first-page":"26","article-title":"Nosocomial outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in a highly vaccinated population, Israel, July 2021","author":"P Shitrit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"ppat.1010876.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2116597","article-title":"Effect of Covid-19 Vaccination on Transmission of Alpha and Delta Variants","volume":"386","author":"DW Eyre","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ppat.1010876.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4","volume-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"H. 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