{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:48:26Z","timestamp":1790711306226,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["148598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["148598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/jats:italic> is a nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) that has shown an exponential rise in its ability to cause disease. Due to its ubiquitous presence in the environment, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abscessus<\/jats:italic> is widely implicated in secondary exacerbations of many nosocomial infections and genetic respiratory disorders, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Contrary to other rapidly growing NTMs, the cell envelope of <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abscessus<\/jats:italic> harbors several prominent features and undergoes modifications that are responsible for its pathogenesis. Compositional changes of the mycobacterial outer membrane (MOM) significantly decrease the presence of glycopeptidolipids (GPLs) and enable the transition from a colonizing, smooth morphotype into a virulent, rough morphotype. The GPLs are transported to the MOM by the Mycobacterial membrane proteins Large (MmpL), which further act as drug efflux pumps and confer antibiotic resistance. Lastly, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abscessus<\/jats:italic> possesses 2 type VII secretion systems (T7SS): ESX-3 and ESX-4, both of which have recently been implicated in host\u2013pathogen interactions and virulence. This review summarizes the current knowledge of <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>abscessus<\/jats:italic> pathogenesis and highlights the clinically relevant association between the structure and functions of its cell envelope.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T17:21:22Z","timestamp":1684430482000},"page":"e1011318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["The cell envelope of Mycobacterium abscessus and its role in pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Shweta","family":"Parmar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4869-8319","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elitza I.","family":"Tocheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1011318.ref001","article-title":"Mycobacterium abscessus: Complex Infections in Humans","volume":"21","author":"M-R Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"23","key":"ppat.1011318.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5868","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20235868","article-title":"Mycobacterium abscessus, an Emerging and Worrisome Pathogen among Cystic Fibrosis Patients","volume":"20","author":"G Degiacomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1011318.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0331-1","article-title":"Non-tuberculous mycobacteria and the rise of Mycobacterium abscessus","volume":"18","author":"MD Johansen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev 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