{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:59:23Z","timestamp":1792205963125,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT220100152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT220100152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE200100111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE200100111"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Antibiotic resistance is a growing global concern in the field of medicine as it renders bacterial infections difficult to treat and often more severe.\n                    <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen causing a wide range of infections, including pneumonia, sepsis, urinary tract infections, and wound infections.\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    has emerged as a significant healthcare-associated pathogen due to its high level of antibiotic resistance. The global spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    has resulted in limited treatment options, leading to increased morbidity and mortality rates, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and immunocompromised individuals, as well as longer hospital stays and higher healthcare costs. Further complicating the situation, multi- and pan-drug-resistant strains of\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    are becoming increasingly common, and these deadly strains are resistant to all or almost all available antibiotics.\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    employs various clever strategies to develop antibiotic resistance, including horizontal transfer of resistance genes, overexpression of inherent efflux pumps that remove drugs from the cell, intrinsic mutations, combined with natural selection under antibiotic selective pressure leading to emergence of successful resistance clones. The typical multidrug resistance phenotype of\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is, therefore, an orchestrated collimation of all these mechanisms combined with the worldwide spread of \u201cglobal clones,\u201d rendering infections caused by this pathogen challenging to control and treat. To address the escalating problem of antibiotic resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , there is a need for increased surveillance, strict infection control measures, and the development of new treatment strategies, requiring a concerted effort by healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T13:26:51Z","timestamp":1691674011000},"page":"e1011520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Portrait of a killer: Uncovering resistance mechanisms and global spread of Acinetobacter baumannii"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4230-6572","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amy K.","family":"Cain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3614-7261","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mehrad","family":"Hamidian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1011520.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1086\/533452","article-title":"Federal funding for the study of antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial pathogens: no ESKAPE","volume":"197","author":"LB Rice","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1011520.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3957-c1","article-title":"The value of 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