{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T08:30:07Z","timestamp":1776760207755,"version":"3.51.2"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000}}],"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AD 131\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AD 131\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008672","name":"Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018.105 (1+2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018.105 (1+2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008672","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021828","name":"German Academic Exchange Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Like all herpesviruses, cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) code for many immunomodulatory proteins including chemokines. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) CC chemokine pUL128 has a dual role in the infection cycle. On one hand, it forms the pentameric receptor-binding complex gHgLpUL(128,130,131A), which is crucial for the broad cell tropism of HCMV. On the other hand, it is an active chemokine that attracts leukocytes and shapes their activation. All animal CMVs studied so far have functionally homologous CC chemokines. In murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), the CC chemokine is encoded by the m131\/m129 reading frames. The MCMV CC chemokine is called MCK2 and forms a trimeric gHgLMCK2 entry complex. Here, we have generated MCK2 mutant viruses either unable to form gHgLMCK2 complexes, lacking the chemokine function or lacking both functions. By using these viruses, we could demonstrate that gHgLMCK2-dependent entry and MCK2 chemokine activity are independent functions of MCK2 <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The gHgLMCK2 complex promotes the tropism for leukocytes like macrophages and dendritic cells and secures high titers in salivary glands in MCMV-infected mice independent of the chemokine activity of MCK2. In contrast, reduced early antiviral T cell responses in MCMV-infected mice are dependent on MCK2 being an active chemokine and do not require the formation of gHgLMCK2 complexes. High levels of CCL2 and IFN-\u03b3 in spleens of infected mice and MCMV virulence depend on both, the formation of gHgLMCK2 complexes and the MCK2 chemokine activity. Thus, independent and concerted functions of MCK2 serving as chemokine and part of a gHgL entry complex shape antiviral immunity and virus dissemination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T18:36:40Z","timestamp":1702060600000},"page":"e1011793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dissecting the cytomegalovirus CC chemokine: Chemokine activity and gHgLchemokine-dependent cell tropism are independent players in CMV infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Marwa","family":"Eletreby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Thiessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Prager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilija","family":"Brizic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Materljan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Kubic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"J\u00e4ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kri\u017ean","family":"Jurinovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josipa","family":"Jerak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Krey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7031-3585","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Barbara","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1011793.ref001","first-page":"1960","volume-title":"Fields virology","author":"ES Mocarski","year":"2013","edition":"6"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1011793.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.3390\/v10120704","article-title":"Pathogen at the Gates: Human Cytomegalovirus Entry and Cell Tropism.","volume":"10","author":"CC Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"ppat.1011793.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1159\/000492161","article-title":"Chemokine Subversion by Human Herpesviruses.","volume":"10","author":"SM Pontejo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of innate immunity"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1011793.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5150","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02100-10","article-title":"Protein pUL128 of human cytomegalovirus is necessary for monocyte infection and blocking of migration","volume":"85","author":"S Straschewski","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"15","key":"ppat.1011793.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7578","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02421-05","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus subverts the functions of monocytes, impairing chemokine-mediated migration and leukocyte recruitment","volume":"80","author":"G Frascaroli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"ppat.1011793.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.80474-0","article-title":"Dendritic-cell infection by human cytomegalovirus is restricted to strains carrying functional UL131-128 genes and mediates efficient viral antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells","volume":"86","author":"G Gerna","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"ppat.1011793.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81595-0","article-title":"Macrophage cultures are susceptible to lytic productive infection by endothelial-cell-propagated human cytomegalovirus strains and present viral IE1 protein to CD4+ T cells despite late downregulation of MHC class II molecules","volume":"87","author":"C Sinzger","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"50","key":"ppat.1011793.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18153","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0509201102","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus virion protein complex required for epithelial and endothelial cell tropism","volume":"102","author":"D Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1011793.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001256","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001256","article-title":"HCMV spread and cell tropism are determined by distinct virus populations","volume":"7","author":"L Scrivano","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1011793.ref010","article-title":"Human Cytomegalovirus Cell Tropism and Host Cell Receptors.","volume":"7","author":"G Gerna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)."},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1011793.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3682","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.5.3682-3691.1999","article-title":"IV. Spliced mRNA encoding the murine cytomegalovirus chemokine homolog predicts a beta chemokine of novel structure","volume":"73","author":"MR MacDonald","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"21","key":"ppat.1011793.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11833","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00452-12","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus CC chemokine promotes immune cell migration","volume":"86","author":"J Vomaske","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"ppat.1011793.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.18952-0","article-title":"Two novel spliced genes in human cytomegalovirus","volume":"84","author":"P Akter","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1011793.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6800","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.8.6800-6809.1999","article-title":"The murine cytomegalovirus chemokine homolog, m131\/129, is a determinant of viral pathogenicity","volume":"73","author":"P Fleming","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ppat.1011793.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9966","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.20.9966-9976.2001","article-title":"Murine cytomegalovirus CC chemokine homolog MCK-2 (m131-129) is a determinant of dissemination that increases inflammation at initial sites of infection.","volume":"75","author":"N Saederup","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"19","key":"ppat.1011793.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10881","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10881","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-encoded beta chemokine promotes monocyte-associated viremia in the host","volume":"96","author":"N Saederup","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1011793.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-05-1833","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus MCK-2 controls mobilization and recruitment of myeloid progenitor cells to facilitate dissemination","volume":"107","author":"S Noda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1011793.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003493","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003493","article-title":"The Viral Chemokine MCK-2 of Murine Cytomegalovirus Promotes Infection as Part of a gH\/gL\/MCK-2 Complex.","volume":"9","author":"FM Wagner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1011793.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.42","article-title":"Mck2-dependent infection of alveolar macrophages promotes replication of MCMV in nodular inflammatory foci of the neonatal lung","volume":"8","author":"FR Stahl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1011793.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004640","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004640","article-title":"Non-redundant and Redundant Roles of Cytomegalovirus gH\/gL Complexes in Host Organ Entry and Intra-tissue Spread.","volume":"11","author":"NAW Lemmermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS pathogens."},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1011793.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02856-15","article-title":"Alveolar Macrophages Are a Prominent but Nonessential Target for Murine Cytomegalovirus Infecting the Lungs","volume":"90","author":"HE Farrell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1011793.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v12010031","article-title":"Mouse Cytomegalovirus Differentially Exploits Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans in a Cell Type-Dependent and MCK-2-Independent Manner.","volume":"12","author":"SM Pontejo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"19","key":"ppat.1011793.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10346","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00545-11","article-title":"Virus progeny of murine cytomegalovirus bacterial artificial chromosome pSM3fr show reduced growth in salivary Glands due to a fixed mutation of MCK-2","volume":"85","author":"S Jordan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"14","key":"ppat.1011793.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7911","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00187-13","article-title":"A Chemokine-Like Viral Protein Enhances Alpha Interferon Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells but Delays CD8+ T Cell Activation and Impairs Viral Clearance","volume":"87","author":"ME Wikstrom","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1011793.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.04.014","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus impairs antiviral CD8+ T cell immunity by recruiting inflammatory monocytes","volume":"37","author":"LP Daley-Bauer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1011793.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.02.002","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus hijacks CX3CR1(hi) patrolling monocytes as immune-privileged vehicles for dissemination in mice.","volume":"15","author":"LP Daley-Bauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ppat.1011793.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14759","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14759","article-title":"Cloning and mutagenesis of a herpesvirus genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome","volume":"94","author":"M Messerle","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"ppat.1011793.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81921-0","article-title":"Role of human cytomegalovirus UL131A in cell type-specific virus entry and release","volume":"87","author":"B Adler","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of general virology"},{"issue":"16","key":"ppat.1011793.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10330","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.16.10330-10338.2005","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus UL131 open reading frame is required for epithelial cell tropism","volume":"79","author":"D Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1011793.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00251","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00251-16","article-title":"Murine Cytomegalovirus Exploits Olfaction To Enter New Hosts.","volume":"7","author":"HE Farrell","year":"2016","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"17","key":"ppat.1011793.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0069321","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00693-21","article-title":"Murine Cytomegalovirus MCK-2 Facilitates In Vivo Infection Transfer from Dendritic Cells to Salivary Gland Acinar Cells","volume":"95","author":"J Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1011793.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001333","article-title":"Murine cytomegalovirus disseminates independently of CX3CR1, CCL2 or its m131\/m129 chemokine homologue","volume":"100","author":"HE Farrell","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Journal of general virology"},{"issue":"14","key":"ppat.1011793.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.05.009","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus subverts macrophage identity","volume":"184","author":"S Baasch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1011793.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1038\/ni724","article-title":"Infection of dendritic cells by murine cytomegalovirus induces functional paralysis","volume":"2","author":"DM Andrews","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature Immunology"},{"issue":"17","key":"ppat.1011793.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7715","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00320-16","article-title":"Repair of a Mutation Disrupting the Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus Pentameric Complex Acquired during Fibroblast Passage Restores Pathogenesis in Immune-Suppressed Guinea Pigs and in the Context of Congenital Infection","volume":"90","author":"MA McVoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1011793.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-012-1378-8","article-title":"Recombinant HCMV UL128 expression and functional identification of PBMC-attracting activity in vitro","volume":"158","author":"H Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ppat.1011793.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00533","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00533-19","article-title":"Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection of Melanoma Lesions Delays Tumor Growth by Recruiting and Repolarizing Monocytic Phagocytes in the Tumor","volume":"93","author":"NA Wilski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ppat.1011793.ref038","first-page":"10","article-title":"Characterization of the guinea pig CMV gH\/gL\/GP129\/GP131\/GP133 complex in infection and spread","author":"M Auerbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"45","key":"ppat.1011793.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.07.092","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus vaccines fail to induce epithelial entry neutralizing antibodies comparable to natural infection","volume":"26","author":"X Cui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1011793.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01809-09","article-title":"Isolation of human monoclonal antibodies that potently neutralize human cytomegalovirus infection by targeting different epitopes on the gH\/gL\/UL128-131A complex","volume":"84","author":"A Macagno","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"22","key":"ppat.1011793.ref041","article-title":"Inclusion of the Viral Pentamer Complex in a Vaccine Design Greatly Improves Protection against Congenital Cytomegalovirus in the Guinea Pig Model","volume":"93","author":"KY Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of virology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1011793.ref042","article-title":"Rat Cytomegalovirus Virion-Associated Proteins R131 and R129 Are Necessary for Infection of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells.","volume":"9","author":"IKA Jones","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens."},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1011793.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-007-0073-y","article-title":"Rhesus CMV: an emerging animal model for human CMV","volume":"197","author":"C Powers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"6135","key":"ppat.1011793.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237874","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1237874","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus vectors violate CD8+ T cell epitope recognition paradigms","volume":"340","author":"SG Hansen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1011793.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112597","article-title":"MCK2-mediated MCMV infection of macrophages and virus dissemination to the salivary gland depends on MHC class I molecules","volume":"42","author":"B Bo\u0161njak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1011793.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01264","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01264-17","article-title":"Murine Cytomegalovirus Spreads by Dendritic Cell Recirculation.","volume":"8","author":"HE Farrell","year":"2017","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"15","key":"ppat.1011793.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00540","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00540-19","article-title":"Murine Cytomegalovirus Spread Depends on the Infected Myeloid Cell Type","volume":"93","author":"HE Farrell","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1011793.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2023.02.001","article-title":"Programming cytomegalovirus as an HIV vaccine","volume":"44","author":"LJ Picker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"7348","key":"ppat.1011793.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10003","article-title":"Profound early control of highly pathogenic SIV by an effector memory T-cell vaccine","volume":"473","author":"SG Hansen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ppat.1011793.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0580-9517(10)37016-4","volume-title":"Methods in Microbiology: Immunology of Infection","author":"NA Lemmermann","year":"2010","edition":"3"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1011793.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2144\/000112096","article-title":"Two-step red-mediated recombination for versatile high-efficiency markerless DNA manipulation in Escherichia coli","volume":"40","author":"BK Tischer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1011793.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01378","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01378-18","article-title":"Murine Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein O Promotes Epithelial Cell Infection In Vivo","volume":"93","author":"J Yunis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Virol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T18:46:23Z","timestamp":1703097983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Brune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011793","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]}}}