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Rapid proliferation of the malaria-causing parasite <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> in the human blood depends on a particularly divergent and acentriolar centrosome, which incorporates several essential centrins. Their precise mode of action, however, remains unclear. In this study calcium-inducible liquid-liquid phase separation is revealed as an evolutionarily conserved principle of assembly for multiple centrins from <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> and other species. Furthermore, the disordered N-terminus and calcium-binding motifs are defined as essential features for reversible biomolecular condensation, and we demonstrate that certain centrins can form co-condensates. In vivo analysis using live cell STED microscopy shows liquid-like dynamics of centrosomal centrin. Additionally, implementation of an inducible protein overexpression system reveals concentration-dependent formation of extra-centrosomal centrin assemblies with condensate-like properties. The timing of foci formation and dissolution suggests that centrin assembly is regulated. This study thereby provides a new model for centrin accumulation at eukaryotic centrosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T18:37:53Z","timestamp":1703702273000},"page":"e1011899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Malaria parasite centrins can assemble by Ca2+-inducible condensation"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yannik","family":"Vo\u00df","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Severina","family":"Klaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas P.","family":"Lichti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Ganter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8762-4259","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julien","family":"Guizetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1011899.ref001","volume-title":"WHO Global, World Malaria Report 2021Word Malaria report Geneva","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"ppat.1011899.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3184","article-title":"Cell division in apicomplexan parasites","volume":"12","author":"ME Francia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ppat.1011899.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.07.006","article-title":"Apicomplexa Cell Cycles: Something Old, Borrowed, Lost, and New","volume":"34","author":"MW White","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends in Parasitology"},{"key":"ppat.1011899.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2800-1","article-title":"Checks and balances? 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