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T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are predominant CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector T cell subset implicated in these processes, yet the factors and detailed mechanisms that assist Tfh cell development and function during <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> infection are largely undefined. Here we provide evidence that receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), an adaptor protein of various intracellular signals, is not only important for CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell expansion as previously implied but also plays a prominent role in Tfh cell differentiation and function during blood-stage <jats:italic>Plasmodium yoelii<\/jats:italic> 17XNL infection. Consequently, RACK1 in CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells contributes significantly to germinal center formation, parasite-specific IgG production, and host resistance to the infection. Mechanistic exploration detects specific interaction of RACK1 with STAT3 in <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>yoelii<\/jats:italic> 17XNL-responsive CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, ablation of RACK1 leads to defective STAT3 phosphorylation, accompanied by substantially lower amount of STAT3 protein in CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, whereas retroviral overexpression of RACK1 or STAT3 in RACK1-deficient CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells greatly restores STAT3 activity and <jats:italic>Bcl-6<\/jats:italic> expression under the Tfh polarization condition. Further analyses suggest RACK1 positively regulates STAT3 stability by inhibiting the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation process, thus promoting optimal STAT3 activity and Bcl-6 induction during Tfh cell differentiation. These findings uncover a novel mechanism by which RACK1 participates in posttranslational regulation of STAT3, Tfh cell differentiation, and subsequent development of anti-<jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> humoral immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T17:57:07Z","timestamp":1721325427000},"page":"e1012352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["RACK1 enhances STAT3 stability and promotes T follicular helper cell development and function during blood-stage Plasmodium infection in mice"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1567-1996","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qianqian","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiqin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijiao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Gai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxiao","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqing","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ppat.1012352.ref001","volume-title":"World Malaria Report 2022","author":"WHO","year":"2022"},{"key":"ppat.1012352.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0228-6","article-title":"Malaria prevention: from immunological concepts to effective vaccines and protective antibodies","volume":"19","author":"IA Cockburn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1012352.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau1458","article-title":"Challenges and strategies for developing efficacious and long-lasting malaria vaccines.","volume":"11","author":"JG Beeson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med."},{"key":"ppat.1012352.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00489-8","article-title":"Malaria vaccine development-where are we?","volume":"21","author":"P. 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