{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:20:29Z","timestamp":1793089229275,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI152693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI152693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI175245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI175245"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI170752"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI170752"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI165147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI165147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI112541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI112541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR059039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR059039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009252","name":"Science for Life Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VC-2022-0028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VC-2022-0028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007436","name":"Familjen Erling-Perssons Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021 0125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021 0125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016962","name":"Department of Science and Innovation, South Africa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["98341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["98341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016962","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Broadly reactive antibodies that target sequence-diverse antigens are of interest for vaccine design and monoclonal antibody therapeutic development because they can protect against multiple strains of a virus and provide a barrier to evolution of escape mutants. Using LIBRA-seq (linking B cell receptor to antigen specificity through sequencing) data for the B cell repertoire of an individual chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), we identified a lineage of IgG3 antibodies predicted to bind to HIV-1 Envelope (Env) and influenza A Hemagglutinin (HA). Two lineage members, antibodies 2526 and 546, were confirmed to bind to a large panel of diverse antigens, including several strains of HIV-1 Env, influenza HA, coronavirus (CoV) spike, hepatitis C virus (HCV) E protein, Nipah virus (NiV) F protein, and Langya virus (LayV) F protein. We found that both antibodies bind to complex glycans on the antigenic surfaces. Antibody 2526 targets the stem region of influenza HA and the N-terminal domain (NTD) region of SARS-CoV-2 spike.  A crystal structure of 2526 Fab bound to mannose revealed the presence of a glycan-binding pocket on the light chain. Antibody 2526 cross-reacted with antigens from multiple pathogens and displayed no signs of autoreactivity. These features distinguish antibody 2526 from previously described glycan-reactive antibodies. Further study of this antibody class may aid in the selection and engineering of broadly reactive antibody therapeutics and can inform the development of effective vaccines with exceptional breadth of pathogen coverage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T13:37:14Z","timestamp":1726666634000},"page":"e1012499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Isolation and characterization of IgG3 glycan-targeting antibodies with exceptional cross-reactivity for diverse viral families"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7110-9623","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Vukovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea R.","family":"Shiakolas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared","family":"Lindenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay E.","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maggie","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanshun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eden P.","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron J.","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salam","family":"Sammour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chipo","family":"Kambarami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Janowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katayoun","family":"Mansouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor N.","family":"Spence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra A.","family":"Abu-Shmais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelia P.","family":"Manamela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone I.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina E. W.","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn R.","family":"Gripenstraw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Setliff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin O.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel H.","family":"Bonami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted M.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Desaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penny L.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Parks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barton F.","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Sheward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyamvada","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe A.","family":"Sautto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6312-7696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ivelin S.","family":"Georgiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.12.001","article-title":"HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibody Signatures and Application to Epitope-Targeted Vaccine Design","volume":"25","author":"CA Bricault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"6280","key":"ppat.1012499.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9195","article-title":"HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody precursor B cells revealed by germline-targeting immunogen","volume":"351","author":"JG Jardine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6244","key":"ppat.1012499.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac5894","article-title":"HIV-1 VACCINES. Priming a broadly neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1 using a germline-targeting immunogen","volume":"349","author":"JG Jardine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1012499.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0042-6","article-title":"Epitope-based vaccine design yields fusion peptide-directed antibodies that neutralize diverse strains of HIV-1","volume":"24","author":"K Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6470","key":"ppat.1012499.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax4380","article-title":"A generalized HIV vaccine design strategy for priming of broadly neutralizing antibody responses","volume":"366","author":"JM Steichen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"408","key":"ppat.1012499.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aao4235","article-title":"Protection against a mixed SHIV challenge by a broadly neutralizing antibody cocktail","volume":"9","author":"B Julg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"6359","key":"ppat.1012499.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan8630","article-title":"Trispecific broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies mediate potent SHIV protection in macaques","volume":"358","author":"L Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7365","key":"ppat.1012499.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10373","article-title":"Broad neutralization coverage of HIV by multiple highly potent antibodies","volume":"477","author":"L.M. Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1012499.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.11.003","article-title":"High-Throughput Mapping of B Cell Receptor Sequences to Antigen Specificity","volume":"179","author":"I Setliff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1012499.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101267","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from children exhibit broad neutralization and belong to adult public clonotypes","volume":"4","author":"SC Wall","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"5993","key":"ppat.1012499.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1187659","article-title":"Rational design of envelope identifies broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1","volume":"329","author":"X Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7424","key":"ppat.1012499.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11544","article-title":"Broad and potent neutralization of HIV-1 by a gp41-specific human antibody","volume":"491","author":"J Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03335-4","article-title":"Rational design of a trispecific antibody targeting the HIV-1 Env with elevated anti-viral activity","volume":"9","author":"JJ Steinhardt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"18","key":"ppat.1012499.ref014","article-title":"Targeting the HIV-1 Spike and Coreceptor with Bi- and Trispecific Antibodies for Single-Component Broad Inhibition of Entry","volume":"92","author":"SN Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1012499.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2594","article-title":"Supersite of immune vulnerability on the glycosylated face of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120","volume":"20","author":"L Kong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7377","key":"ppat.1012499.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10696","article-title":"Structure of HIV-1 gp120 V1\/V2 domain with broadly neutralizing antibody PG9","volume":"480","author":"JS McLellan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1012499.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005238","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005238","article-title":"A New Glycan-Dependent CD4-Binding Site Neutralizing Antibody Exerts Pressure on HIV-1","volume":"11","author":"NT Freund","year":"2015","journal-title":"In Vivo. PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"47","key":"ppat.1012499.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3268","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1217207109","article-title":"Complex-type N-glycan recognition by potent broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies","volume":"109","author":"H Mouquet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1012499.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.042","article-title":"Fab-dimerized glycan-reactive antibodies are a structural category of natural antibodies","volume":"184","author":"WB Williams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1012499.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112044","article-title":"Functional HIV-1\/HCV cross-reactive antibodies isolated from a chronically co-infected donor","volume":"42","author":"KA Pilewski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1994.10.359","article-title":"Generation of human monoclonal antibodies against HIV-1 proteins; electrofusion and Epstein-Barr virus transformation for peripheral blood lymphocyte immortalization","volume":"10","author":"A Buchacher","year":"1994","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"issue":"31","key":"ppat.1012499.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13800","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006498107","article-title":"Envelope glycans of immunodeficiency virions are almost entirely oligomannose antigens","volume":"107","author":"KJ Doores","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6501","key":"ppat.1012499.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb9983","article-title":"Site-specific glycan analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike","volume":"369","author":"Y Watanabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1012499.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1617174114","article-title":"Influenza A surface glycosylation and vaccine design","volume":"114","author":"CY Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1012499.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5844","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.07139-11","article-title":"Selection pressure on HIV-1 envelope by broadly neutralizing antibodies to the conserved CD4-binding site","volume":"86","author":"X Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1012499.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0043323","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00433-23","article-title":"Structures of Langya Virus Fusion Protein Ectodomain in Pre- and Postfusion Conformation","volume":"97","author":"AJ May","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1012499.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3051","article-title":"Crystal structure, conformational fixation and entry-related interactions of mature ligand-free HIV-1 Env","volume":"22","author":"YD Kwon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"issue":"5730","key":"ppat.1012499.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1111781","article-title":"Cardiolipin polyspecific autoreactivity in two broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies","volume":"308","author":"BF Haynes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02378-14","article-title":"Polyreactivity and autoreactivity among HIV-1 antibodies","volume":"89","author":"M Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-20141-7","article-title":"Enhanced neutralization potency of an identical HIV neutralizing antibody expressed as different isotypes is achieved through genetically distinct mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"T Moyo-Gwete","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1012499.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1008064","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008064","article-title":"IgG3 enhances neutralization potency and Fc effector function of an HIV V2-specific broadly neutralizing antibody","volume":"15","author":"SI Richardson","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"31","key":"ppat.1012499.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1200024109","article-title":"Isotype modulates epitope specificity, affinity, and antiviral activities of anti-HIV-1 human broadly neutralizing 2F5 antibody","volume":"109","author":"D Tudor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1012499.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112302","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112302","article-title":"A recommended numbering scheme for influenza A HA subtypes","volume":"9","author":"DF Burke","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1012499.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1377871","article-title":"Site-specific glycosylation profile of influenza A (H1N1) hemagglutinin through tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"14","author":"E Cruz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1012499.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-022-01232-2","article-title":"Efficient discovery of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies via B cell receptor sequencing and ligand blocking","volume":"40","author":"AR Shiakolas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112326","article-title":"Fc-mediated pan-sarbecovirus protection after alphavirus vector vaccination","volume":"42","author":"LE Adams","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39788-5","article-title":"Complement is activated by elevated IgG3 hexameric platforms and deposits C4b onto distinct antibody domains","volume":"14","author":"L Abendstein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1012499.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00278-13","article-title":"Antibody-DEPENDENT, FcgammaRI-mediated neutralization of HIV-1 in TZM-bl cells occurs independently of phagocytosis","volume":"87","author":"LG Perez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1012499.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.07.080","article-title":"Site-Specific Glycosylation of Virion-Derived HIV-1 Env Is Mimicked by a Soluble Trimeric Immunogen","volume":"24","author":"WB Struwe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06121-4","article-title":"Differential processing of HIV envelope glycans on the virus and soluble recombinant trimer","volume":"9","author":"L Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"27","key":"ppat.1012499.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20860","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.085472","article-title":"Glycosylation patterns of HIV-1 gp120 depend on the type of expressing cells and affect antibody recognition","volume":"285","author":"M Raska","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"ppat.1012499.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02268-16","article-title":"Structure-Based Design of a Soluble Prefusion-Closed HIV-1 Env Trimer with Reduced CD4 Affinity and Improved Immunogenicity","volume":"91","author":"GY Chuang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1012499.ref043","article-title":"High-Yield Expression and Purification of Recombinant Influenza Virus Proteins from Stably-Transfected Mammalian Cell Lines","volume":"8","author":"JW Ecker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1012499.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112942","article-title":"Zika-specific neutralizing antibodies targeting inter-dimer envelope epitopes","volume":"42","author":"RS Sankhala","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"ppat.1012499.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.42166","article-title":"New tools for automated high-resolution cryo-EM structure determination in RELION-3","volume":"7","author":"J Zivanov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ppat.1012499.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2013.11.022","article-title":"Optimization and validation of the TZM-bl assay for standardized assessments of neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1","volume":"409","author":"M Sarzotti-Kelsoe","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1012499.ref047","article-title":"Protocol and Reagents for Pseudotyping Lentiviral Particles with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Neutralization Assays","volume":"12","author":"KHD Crawford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1012499.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900379","article-title":"A Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine Strategy Elicits Unique Potent Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against Hemagglutinin","volume":"204","author":"GA Sautto","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1012499.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.12.014","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies isolated from human B cells neutralize a broad range of H1 subtype influenza A viruses including swine-origin Influenza virus (S-OIV)","volume":"399","author":"R Burioni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref050","first-page":"319","article-title":"Molecular cloning of the first human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing with high potency swine-origin influenza A pandemic virus (S-OIV)","volume":"32","author":"R Burioni","year":"2009","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1021\/pr7006957","article-title":"Glycosylation site-specific analysis of HIV envelope proteins (JR-FL and CON-S) reveals major differences in glycosylation site occupancy, glycoform profiles, and antigenic epitopes\u2019 accessibility","volume":"7","author":"EP Go","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1012499.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4231","DOI":"10.1021\/pr9002728","article-title":"Glycosylation site-specific analysis of clade C HIV-1 envelope proteins","volume":"8","author":"EP Go","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1012499.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasms.2008.05.010","article-title":"Comparison of HPLC\/ESI-FTICR MS versus MALDI-TOF\/TOF MS for glycopeptide analysis of a highly glycosylated HIV envelope glycoprotein","volume":"19","author":"J Irungu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Mass Spectrom"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444910048675","article-title":"iMOSFLM: a new graphical interface for diffraction-image processing with MOSFLM","volume":"67","author":"T.G. Battye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"ppat.1012499.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909047337","article-title":"Xds","volume":"66","author":"W. Kabsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889807021206","article-title":"Phaser crystallographic software","volume":"40","author":"A.J. McCoy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Appl Crystallogr"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"ppat.1012499.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909052925","article-title":"PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution","volume":"66","author":"P.D. Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444912001308","article-title":"Towards automated crystallographic structure refinement with phenix.refine","volume":"68","author":"P.V. Afonine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"ppat.1012499.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444910007493","article-title":"Features and development of Coot","volume":"66","author":"P. Emsley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012499","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T13:37:30Z","timestamp":1726666650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012499"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"David T.","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012499","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]}}}