{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T03:30:55Z","timestamp":1793676655531,"version":"4.5.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1013132","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000}}],"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-388472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-388472"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CGS-D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGS-D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00c3\u00a9bec - Sant\u00c3\u00a9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Macrophages are professional phagocytes that play a major role in engulfing and eliminating invading pathogens. Some intracellular pathogens, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                    serovar Typhimurium, exploit macrophages as niches for their replication, which requires precise and dynamic modulation of bacterial gene expression in order to resist the hostile intracellular environment. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the global transcriptome of\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium across four stages of infection of primary macrophages. Our results revealed a profound change in early-stage gene expression dominated by pathways linked to metabolic processes required for\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    adaptation to the proinflammatory conditions of the macrophage. We identified the phage shock protein (Psp) system to be highly expressed in intracellular\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium, with sustained high expression over the course of infection. We determined that the Psp system is regulated by the virulence-associated two-component system SsrA-SsrB, which coordinates its expression with critical bacterial functions required for immune evasion and intracellular survival. Functional assays demonstrated that the Psp system mediates resistance to host antimicrobial peptides, including cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), which we demonstrate supports bacterial persistence in host tissues and survival within macrophages. Our findings establish the Psp system as a new and critical adaptive mechanism for evading host immune defenses and highlight the utility of temporal transcriptomics in unraveling the genetic strategies employed by\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium during macrophage infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1013132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T17:41:56Z","timestamp":1757439716000},"page":"e1013132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Salmonella phage shock protein system is required for defense against host antimicrobial peptides"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Marie-Ange","family":"Massicotte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline A.","family":"Fiebig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Bogza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9883-1010","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brian K.","family":"Coombes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1013132.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-025-01561-2","article-title":"Non-typhoidal Salmonella transmission reservoirs in Sub-Saharan Africa: a genomic assessment from a one health perspective","volume":"14","author":"T Thye","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect 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