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These cells could resist antibiotic treatment <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> transient phenotypic and gene expression alterations. We conducted a high-throughput screening of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium transposon mutants to identify key genes for intramacrophage antibiotic persistence. The results show that a sulfur transferase complex encoded by <jats:italic>yheM<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>yheL, yheN<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>trmU<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>yhhP<\/jats:italic> are involved in bacterial intramacrophage antibiotic persistence. <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> could persist in macrophages by downregulating the expression of the sulfur transferase complex during exposure to high concentrations of antibiotics, and even in a persistent infection mouse model. Mechanistically, deletion of <jats:italic>yheM<\/jats:italic> increases reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the exponential phase, which inhibits bacterial respiration and ATP generation. In contrast, absence of <jats:italic>yheM<\/jats:italic> promotes persister formation by elevating (p)ppGpp levels in the stationary phase. Taken together, our data demonstrate that bacteria use the sulfur transferase to coordinate intramacrophage replication and persistence for adaptation to various environmental stresses. These findings reveal the role of the sulfur transferase complex in bacterial intramacrophage persistence and provide a promising target for antibacterial infection therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1013136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T17:57:28Z","timestamp":1747245448000},"page":"e1013136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Disruption of sulfur transferase complex increases bacterial intramacrophage 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