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The formation of biofilm heightens this threat by embedding bacterial cells in a polysaccharide-rich matrix that limits antibiotic penetration. Here we dissect the anti-biofilm bovine host-defense cathelicidin peptide fragment bac7 (1\u201335), exploring its anti-biofilm mechanism, evaluating its ability to curb colonization of the vital organs by hypervirulent\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and testing its breadth of activity against diverse clinical isolates. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that bac7 (1\u201335) simultaneously compromises the bacterial membrane and inhibits ribosomal function, a dual assault that precipitates rapid biofilm collapse and blocks bacterial spread. Further, bac7 (1\u201335) eradicated the strongest biofilms produced by MDR clinical isolates in the Multidrug-Resistant Organism Repository and Surveillance Network (MRSN) diversity panel. Although bac7 (1\u201335) kills bacterial cells via a cytosolic mechanism, membrane interaction profiles varied among MRSN isolates, correlating with differential peptide translocation. In a delayed-treatment murine skin-abscess model, bac7 (1\u201335) halted\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization of the vital organs by the hypervirulent strain NTUH-K2044. Collectively, these results delineate a multifaceted mode of action for bac7 (1\u201335) and underscore its therapeutic promise against biofilm-associated MDR\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1013437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T18:42:43Z","timestamp":1764614563000},"page":"e1013437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular response to the non-lytic peptide bac7 (1\u201335) triggers disruption of Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilm"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Beckman I.V","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berta","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flor Z.","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela N.","family":"Echeverria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno V.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"D.T. Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Logan","family":"Suits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shantal","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paeton L.","family":"Wantuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesar","family":"de la Fuente-Nunez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prahathees","family":"Eswara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7103-461X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Renee M.","family":"Fleeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"ppat.1013437.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnw219","article-title":"The emerging problems of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: carbapenem resistance and biofilm formation","volume":"363","author":"PY Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"ppat.1013437.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2024.127839","article-title":"Hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: A global public health threat","volume":"288","author":"T-Y Lei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1013437.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit675","article-title":"Increasing occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in China","volume":"58","author":"W Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1013437.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2019.1555470","article-title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: a new public health threat","volume":"17","author":"CM Marr","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1013437.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofu028","article-title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"1","author":"PK Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1013437.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00001-19","article-title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"32","author":"TA Russo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol 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of SbmA, a bacterial inner membrane transporter required for importing the antimicrobial peptide Bac7(1-35)","volume":"195","author":"G Runti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1013437.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2024.101869","article-title":"Polyproline peptide targets Klebsiella pneumoniae polysaccharides to collapse biofilms","volume":"5","author":"L De Los Santos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep Phys Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1013437.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2021370118","article-title":"Limitation of phosphate assimilation maintains cytoplasmic magnesium homeostasis","volume":"118","author":"RE Bruna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1013437.ref040","article-title":"Magnesium Flux Modulates Ribosomes to Increase Bacterial Survival","volume":"177","author":"D-YD 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Strain FO-BEG1","volume":"81","author":"S Romano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1013437.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004969","article-title":"A Macrophage Subversion Factor Is Shared by Intracellular and Extracellular Pathogens","volume":"11","author":"C Belon","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ppat.1013437.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00084","article-title":"Activity of a Synthetic Peptide Targeting MgtC on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Intramacrophage Survival and Biofilm Formation","volume":"9","author":"M Moussouni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"ppat.1013437.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9590","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00665","article-title":"Peptide Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis with Broad Spectrum and SbmA-Independent Bactericidal Activity 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