{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:31:14Z","timestamp":1793741474156,"version":"4.6.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1013595","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000}}],"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00c3\u00b3n Cient\u00c3fica y Tecnol\u00c3\u00b3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT 2018-01494"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT 2018-01494"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012478","name":"Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00c3a - Universidad Nacional de C\u00c3\u00b3rdoba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["33620190100020CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["33620190100020CB"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002923","name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00c3ficas y T\u00c3\u00a9cnicas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIP 201511220150100560CO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIP 201511220150100560CO"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI116432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI116432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Follicular cytotoxic T (Tfc) cells are a distinct subset of CD8\u2009\u207a\u2009T cells predominantly localized in B cell follicles and their surrounding areas. These cells play important roles in supporting B cell responses and controlling pathogens through the elimination of infected cells. Although their involvement in immune-mediated diseases and tumors is well-documented, their role in parasitic infections remains largely unexplored. Through phenotypic and transcriptomic analysis, we identified a specialized Tfc population that transiently emerges during the acute phase of\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Tfc cells in this context were composed mainly of effector cells, peaked concurrently with plasmablasts, and preceded the germinal center response. They exhibited high expression of proteins associated with B cell help, inflammatory chemokine receptors, and transcription factors linked to effector functions.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    assays revealed that Tfc cells display dual functionality: they promote antibody secretion by na\u00efve and stimuli-activated B cells, and they also exert cytotoxic activity against plasmablasts, the antibody-producing cells present during the acute phase, through Fas\/FasL interactions. Altogether, these findings suggest that Tfc cells may contribute to the regulation of early antibody responses during\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    infection by combining helper and cytotoxic functions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1013595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T17:45:03Z","timestamp":1760723103000},"page":"e1013595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Follicular CD8+ T cells in Trypanosoma cruzi infection: helpers or killers depending on the target B cell population"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yamila","family":"Gazzoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Almada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio C.","family":"Gareca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina L.","family":"Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva V.","family":"Acosta-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8034-9303","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adriana","family":"Gruppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1013595.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12020282","article-title":"A review on the immunological response against Trypanosoma cruzi","volume":"12","author":"G Macaluso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1013595.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2000000300001","article-title":"How are antibodies involved in the protective mechanism of susceptible mice infected with T. cruzi?","volume":"33","author":"LF 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