{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T20:06:05Z","timestamp":1784837165157,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014140","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000}}],"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-22- CE44-0044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-22- CE44-0044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-19-CE12-0003-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-19-CE12-0003-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006489","name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006489","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010190","name":"Institut du d\u00e9veloppement et des ressources en informatique scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010190","name":"Grand \u00c9quipement National De Calcul Intensif","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025-AD010314343R2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-AD010314343R2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Exchange of genetic information by natural transformation shapes bacterial evolution. In\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    it is thought to drive its unusually high recombination rate, which has a crucial role in the evolution of virulence and the propagation of antibiotics resistance genes. While in most cases uptake of the incoming DNA into the periplasm is mediated by type IV pili, in\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    this initial step of natural transformation requires ComB, a unique competence-specific type IV secretion system (T4SS). The mechanisms by which ComB mediates DNA uptake are still poorly understood, since T4SS are usually involved in an opposite process of DNA export. Here, we identify a gene (\n                    <jats:italic>hp1421<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) that is absolutely required for uptake of the transforming DNA into the periplasm, although distant from the\n                    <jats:italic>comB<\/jats:italic>\n                    operons. We show that\n                    <jats:italic>hp1421<\/jats:italic>\n                    codes for a hexameric ATPase from the VirB11 family. HP1421 is present in the cytoplasm and interacts with ComB4, another ATPase of the T4SS inner membrane subcomplex. The structural modelling and functional analysis of HP1421 and its interaction with ComB4 indicate that HP1421 is a missing component of the ComB inner-membrane subcomplex that we propose to name ComB11. Phylogenetic analyses show that\n                    <jats:italic>comB11<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    core gene and suggest that the competence-dedicated ComB T4SS was a recent acquisition within\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacteraceae.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Hence, co-option of the T4SS for DNA transformation requires nearly all the proteins that were previously essential for DNA conjugation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:39:49Z","timestamp":1784050789000},"page":"e1014140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling a missing component of the atypical type IV secretion system required for natural transformation of Helicobacter pylori"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"J. Francisco","family":"Villa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumedha","family":"Kondekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoann","family":"Fauconnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9rick","family":"Machouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Lacrouts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Veaute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Gu\u00e9rois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo P. C.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Andreani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8807-7226","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J. Pablo","family":"Radicella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1014140.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2025.03.009","article-title":"Unraveling the tempo and mode of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria","volume":"33","author":"BH Good","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014140.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00650-4","article-title":"Horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution in bacteria","volume":"20","author":"BJ Arnold","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1014140.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3962","article-title":"Horizontal gene transfer: building the web of life","volume":"16","author":"SM 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