{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T18:06:20Z","timestamp":1784052380784,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VTA113-V1-2-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VTA113-V1-2-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VTA114-V1-2-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VTA114-V1-2-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010425","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSGH-E-113286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSGH-E-113286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010425","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VTA113-V1-2-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VTA113-V1-2-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010425","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSGH-E-114278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSGH-E-114278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010425","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VTA114-V1-2-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VTA114-V1-2-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010425","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSGH-E-115280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSGH-E-115280"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST-110-2314-B-016-063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-110-2314-B-016-063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST-111-2314-B-016-034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST-111-2314-B-016-034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC-112-2314-B-016-024-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC-112-2314-B-016-024-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["114-2314-B-016-030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["114-2314-B-016-030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Bacterial strains harboring lipooligosaccharides (LOS) with a core region are more pathogenic than those without it; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Lipid A has been believed to be the primary moiety of LOS that regulates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, with the core region having minimal impact. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the influence of the LOS core region of\n                    <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    on immune response and pathogenesis. We conducted a series of step-by-step experiments and deciphered the association between the core region of the LOS and the immune response. The influence of this core region on the mechanism of TLR4 signaling pathways and further pathogenesis has also been deciphered. One\n                    <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    wild strain with an intact LOS core region, its LOS core region gene (\n                    <jats:italic>lpsB<\/jats:italic>\n                    )-deficient strain, and the\n                    <jats:italic>lpsB<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene-complemented strain were used in this study. Membrane vesicles released from the strains were collected, quantified, normalized to the particle number, and used in subsequent experiments. Cytokine and chemokine gene expression, protein production, and RNA sequencing analyses were measured. A step-by-step approach was used to explore the underlying mechanism. The effect of the LOS core region on pathogenesis was determined using mouse experiments. Specifically, the LOS core promotes CD14-associated TLR4 endocytosis and boosting the expression of TRIF-associated genes, including\n                    <jats:italic>Infb1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This enhancement in interferon-\u03b2 production correlates with increased pathogenicity in an animal model. These findings highlight the significance of the LOS core region in modulating immune responses through TRIF signaling, challenging previous assumptions regarding the role of this core region in LOS-mediated pathogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:21:40Z","timestamp":1784049700000},"page":"e1014364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acinetobacter baumannii lipooligosaccharide core region promotes CD14-dependent TLR4 endocytosis and enhances pathogenicity through interferon-\u03b2 production"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yi-Tzu","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Te-Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Chen","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Chang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Fen","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei-Chei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I-Ming","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Sung","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8491-8972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yung-Chih","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1014364.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-07","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii: emergence of a successful pathogen","volume":"21","author":"AY Peleg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1014364.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.19700","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii: an emerging opportunistic pathogen","volume":"3","author":"A Howard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1014364.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-16","article-title":"Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview of Acinetobacter Infections: a Century of Challenges","volume":"30","author":"D Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1014364.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2024.2369948","article-title":"Current and novel therapies for management of Acinetobacter baumannii-associated pneumonia","volume":"51","author":"AMS Shein","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1014364.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.148","article-title":"Uncovering the mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii virulence","volume":"16","author":"CM Harding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1014364.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0201-x","article-title":"Pushing the envelope: LPS modifications and their consequences","volume":"17","author":"BW Simpson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ppat.1014364.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15767","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01321","article-title":"A Journey from Structure to Function of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides","volume":"122","author":"F Di Lorenzo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1014364.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03013-23","article-title":"Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii core oligosaccharide synthesis reveals novel aspects of lipooligosaccharide assembly","volume":"15","author":"LM VanOtterloo","year":"2024","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1014364.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2020.1726593","article-title":"Bacterial membrane vesicles from Acinetobacter baumannii induced by ceftazidime are more virulent than those induced by imipenem","volume":"11","author":"C-H Chiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1014364.ref010","article-title":"Recognition of lipopolysaccharide pattern by TLR4 complexes","volume":"45","author":"BS Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.09.051","article-title":"CD14 controls the LPS-induced endocytosis of Toll-like receptor 4","volume":"147","author":"I Zanoni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03656-y","article-title":"TLR4 and CD14 trafficking and its influence on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling","volume":"78","author":"A Ciesielska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1014364.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.3MIR1118-434R","article-title":"Detecting lipopolysaccharide in the cytosol of mammalian cells: Lessons from MD-2\/TLR4","volume":"106","author":"JH Barker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2013.00003","article-title":"Recognition of lipid A variants by the TLR4-MD-2 receptor complex","volume":"3","author":"N Maeshima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1014364.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00016-10","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a glycosyltransferase involved in Acinetobacter baumannii lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis","volume":"78","author":"NR Luke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1014364.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00704-12","article-title":"genetic determinants of intrinsic colistin tolerance in Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"81","author":"MI Hood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1014364.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxr044","article-title":"Intracellular TLR4\/MD-2 in macrophages senses Gram-negative bacteria and induces a unique set of LPS-dependent genes","volume":"23","author":"T Shibata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060078","article-title":"Liposomal lipopolysaccharide initiates TRIF-dependent signaling pathway independent of CD14","volume":"8","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1014364.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-021-01565-8","article-title":"Insights into the structure of Escherichia coli outer membrane as the target for engineering microbial cell factories","volume":"20","author":"J Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760488","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.760488","article-title":"Exhausted and Apoptotic BALF T Cells in Proinflammatory Airway Milieu at Acute Phase of Severe Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children","volume":"12","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1014364.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09091858","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar and systemic cytokine profiles in patients with ARDS, severe pneumonia and cardiogenic pulmonary oedema","volume":"9","author":"H Sch\u00fctte","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-4-6","article-title":"The clinical significance of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage inflammatory cytokines in patients at risk for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","volume":"4","author":"D Bouros","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297910040012","article-title":"Structural analysis of lipopolysaccharides from Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"75","author":"DS Kabanov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc)"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1014364.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.10.008","article-title":"Mechanisms of Toll-like Receptor 4 Endocytosis Reveal a Common Immune-Evasion Strategy Used by Pathogenic and Commensal Bacteria","volume":"43","author":"Y Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1014364.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M600027-JLR200","article-title":"Kdo2-Lipid A of Escherichia coli, a defined endotoxin that activates macrophages via TLR-4","volume":"47","author":"CRH Raetz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1014364.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.09.039","article-title":"Hexa-acylation and KDO(2)-glycosylation determine the specific immunostimulatory activity of Neisseria meningitidis lipid A for human monocyte derived dendritic cells","volume":"24","author":"S Zughaier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2024.02.003","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide delivery systems in innate immunity","volume":"45","author":"J Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1014364.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000567","article-title":"O-antigen delays lipopolysaccharide recognition and impairs antibacterial host defense in murine intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"5","author":"CU Duerr","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"12","key":"ppat.1014364.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5458","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00871-09","article-title":"Effect of the O-antigen length of lipopolysaccharide on the functions of Type III secretion systems in Salmonella enterica","volume":"77","author":"SU H\u00f6lzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2011.12.002","article-title":"Similarities and differences of innate immune responses elicited by smooth and rough LPS","volume":"142","author":"I Zanoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuw007","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide modification in Gram-negative bacteria during chronic infection","volume":"40","author":"RF Maldonado","year":"2016","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1014364.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3940","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.6.3940","article-title":"Influence of CD14 on ligand interactions between lipopolysaccharide and its receptor complex","volume":"175","author":"SC Gangloff","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1014364.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1207","article-title":"CD14 is required for MyD88-independent LPS signaling","volume":"6","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1014364.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3787","article-title":"Type I interferons in infectious disease","volume":"15","author":"F McNab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1014364.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.05.016","article-title":"The Roles of Type I Interferon in Bacterial Infection","volume":"19","author":"GM Boxx","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"2","key":"ppat.1014364.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001129","article-title":"Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Licenses the Cytosolic Transport of Lipopolysaccharide From Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles","volume":"51","author":"L Gu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"11","key":"ppat.1014364.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3383","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800380","article-title":"Computationally Designed Bispecific MD2\/CD14 Binding Peptides Show TLR4 Agonist Activity","volume":"201","author":"A Michaeli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ppat.1014364.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1159\/000515740","article-title":"Intracellular and Extracellular Lipopolysaccharide Signaling in Sepsis: Avenues for Novel Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"13","author":"RS Gabarin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Innate Immun"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600991","article-title":"Endocytic pathways regulate Toll-like receptor 4 signaling and link innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"25","author":"H Husebye","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"4","key":"ppat.1014364.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1569","article-title":"TRAM couples endocytosis of Toll-like receptor 4 to the induction of interferon-beta","volume":"9","author":"JC Kagan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-595","article-title":"BIGSdb: Scalable analysis of bacterial genome variation at the population level","volume":"11","author":"KA Jolley","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2008.10","article-title":"A complete collection of single-gene deletion mutants of Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1","volume":"4","author":"V de Berardinis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.03.001","article-title":"The role of TonB-dependent copper receptor in virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"60","author":"S Abdollahi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1014364.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2009.21.5.514","article-title":"First identification of blaOXA-51-like in non-baumannii Acinetobacter spp","volume":"21","author":"Y-T Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"issue":"19","key":"ppat.1014364.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5620","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.19.5620-5623.2000","article-title":"Mutation of the lipopolysaccharide core glycosyltransferase encoded by waaG destabilizes the outer membrane of Escherichia coli by interfering with core phosphorylation","volume":"182","author":"JA Yethon","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ppat.1014364.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2016.01.012","article-title":"The choice of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate differentiation protocol influences the response of THP-1 macrophages to a pro-inflammatory stimulus","volume":"430","author":"ME Lund","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"issue":"15","key":"ppat.1014364.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170","article-title":"Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data","volume":"30","author":"AM Bolger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"8","key":"ppat.1014364.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0201-4","article-title":"Graph-based genome alignment and genotyping with HISAT2 and HISAT-genotype","volume":"37","author":"D Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ppat.1014364.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656","article-title":"featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features","volume":"30","author":"Y Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ppat.1014364.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-018-2486-6","article-title":"iDEP: an integrated web application for differential expression and pathway analysis of RNA-Seq data","volume":"19","author":"SX Ge","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"ppat.1014364.ref051","first-page":"1824","article-title":"Resveratrol inhibits LPS-induced inflammation through suppressing the signaling cascades of TLR4-NF-\u03baB\/MAPKs\/IRF3","volume":"19","author":"W Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014364","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:21:53Z","timestamp":1784049713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014364"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mario F","family":"Feldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014364","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]}}}