{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T19:15:49Z","timestamp":1785525349102,"version":"3.56.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014441","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000}}],"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French Cardiology Federation","award":["Grant (2019) for the CardioVir study"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant (2019) for the CardioVir study"]}]},{"name":"INSERM Grand-Est","award":["Recurring funding (2024\u20132025)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Recurring funding (2024\u20132025)"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016399","name":"University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Recurring funding (2022\u20132025)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Recurring funding (2022\u20132025)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Viral myocarditis, a leading cause of morbidity in young populations, is strongly linked to Coxsackievirus B (CV-B) infections harboring dominant 5\u2032-terminally deleted (5\u2032TD) and minor full-length (FL) CV-B RNA populations in cardiac tissues. Here, we demonstrate how viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3Dpol)-driven recombination in the 5\u2032UTR orchestrates viral RNA populations dynamics and subverts type I interferon responses. In primary human cardiomyocytes (HCMs), 3Dpol-mediated copy-choice recombination enhances 5\u2032TD RNA replication while suppressing FL populations. Infection of immunocompetent mice with recombination-deficient CV-B3 (3Dpol Y276H) shifted 5\u2032TD populations ratios toward immune-sensing viral RNAs, elevating cardiac IFN-\u03b2\/ISG15 and accelerating viral clearance. Transfection experiments confirmed that 50-nt 5\u2032TD RNAs (TD50) evade innate immunity, whereas shorter deletions (9\u201336-nt, TD15) restore type I interferon responses in HCMs. Our findings establish 3Dpol-driven recombination as a critical mechanism sustaining pathogenic 5\u2032TD RNAs that subvert antiviral innate immunity, highlighting recombination inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy against CV-B myocarditis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T17:48:59Z","timestamp":1784915339000},"page":"e1014441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["EV-B 3D polymerase remodels viral populations through 5\u2032UTR recombination to subvert cardiac antiviral innate immunity"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Glenet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Laure","family":"Lebreil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul-Antoine","family":"Gretteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Berri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7440-8880","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laurent","family":"Andreoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ppat.1014441.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012125","article-title":"Major 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Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases","volume":"34","author":"ALP Caforio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014441","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T17:44:35Z","timestamp":1785519875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014441"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"George 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