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Yet recent surveys suggest that non-tailed phages may be more abundant and have distinct impacts on microbial mortality and gene transfer. Here, we solve the structure of\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio anguillarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    bacteriophage NO16, one of the simplest members of the\n                    <jats:italic>Varidnaviria<\/jats:italic>\n                    realm. Mass spectrometry detected at least nine different proteins in the virion, which has a\n                    <jats:italic>pseudo<\/jats:italic>\n                    T\u2009=\u200921 capsid similar to that of related double jelly roll (DJR) phages, but differs in the organization of minor capsid proteins, particularly those mediating membrane-capsid contacts. The DJR major capsid protein GP19 is stabilized by strong electrostatic interactions between monomers, and possibly by a cation at its base, as seen in corticovirus PM2. Localized reconstruction revealed a symmetry mismatch at the vertex, where two trimeric GP13 spikes attach to the pentameric GP14 penton base. GP13 carbohydrate-binding sites and predicted glycosylase activity point to a role in host entry. Using structural and functional predictions for its entire proteome, we propose a complete atlas of the NO16 infectious cycle.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T17:22:32Z","timestamp":1788888152000},"page":"e1014525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Structure of NO16, a marine non-tailed vibriophage with an unusual symmetry-mismatched vertex arrangement"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Otaegi-Ugartemendia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda (CNB-CSIC)","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Department of Macromolecular Structures"]},{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Escuela de Doctorado"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela N.","family":"Condezo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda (CNB-CSIC)","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Department of Macromolecular Structures"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda (CNB-CSIC)","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Department of Macromolecular Structures"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panos G.","family":"Kalatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Globe Institute, Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Middelboe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen","place":["Copenhagen, Denmark"],"department":["Department of Biology, Marine Biological Section"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Odense, Denmark"],"department":["HADAL & Nordcee, Department of Biology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9799-175X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carmen","family":"San Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda (CNB-CSIC)","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Department of Macromolecular Structures"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"ppat.1014525.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2013.67","article-title":"Global morphological analysis of marine viruses shows minimal regional variation and dominance of non-tailed 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