{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:13:26Z","timestamp":1790273606729,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014587","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000}}],"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015691","name":"Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI150647"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI150647"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015691","name":"Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AI060555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI060555"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM135741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM135741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM153586"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM153586"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plospathogens.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Pathog"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Infection with enteric bacterial pathogens continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Effective control of these infections requires coordinated immune responses that are shaped in part by bidirectional communication between the nervous and immune systems. Sensory neurons are now well appreciated to detect inflammatory or microbial stimuli in numerous organ systems, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and for eliciting the recruitment or activation of specific immune cells. Central to the host protective effect of these neuroimmune circuits is the localized release of neurotransmitters that activate substance P (SP) receptor signaling. However, the precise contribution of sensory neuropeptides encoded by the\n                      <jats:italic>Tac1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene, such as SP, in the host response to enteric infection remains incompletely understood.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The role of the Tac1-encoded sensory neurotransmitters in the host response to\n                      <jats:italic>Citrobacter rodentium<\/jats:italic>\n                      was assessed using\n                      <jats:italic>Tac1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:italic>-\/-<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      and wildtype (WT) mice. Infection and inflammation were determined by bacterial enumeration, histopathology, qPCR, and flow cytometry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Tac1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup>\n                      mice had significantly reduced pathogen shedding and colonic bacterial burden, accompanied by decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines compared to WT controls. In accordance with reduced chemokine production, we observed reduced colonic recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and IFN\u03b3- and IL-17A-producing T-cells in\n                      <jats:italic>Tac1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:italic>-\/-<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      compared with WT mice. This reduced immune response was associated with markedly reduced colonic histopathology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sensory neuropeptides encoded by\n                      <jats:italic>Tac1<\/jats:italic>\n                      regulate key aspects of the immune response to enteric bacterial infection and may serve as unique targets in the treatment of enteric disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1014587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:53:34Z","timestamp":1789754014000},"page":"e1014587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tac1 deficiency reduces the severity of enteric bacterial infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Elliot","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Cremin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmy","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungjae","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YuanYuan","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie G.","family":"Gareau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis","place":["Davis, California, United States of America"],"department":["Department of Anatomy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2204-8091","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Colin","family":"Reardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Cell Biology. 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