{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:58:13Z","timestamp":1791979093583,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000}}],"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Clinical Doctoral Research Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Clinical Doctoral Research Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Academic Clinical Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Academic Clinical Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmedicine.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Med"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a progressive chronic spinal cord injury estimated to affect 1 in 50 adults. Without standardised guidance, clinical research studies have selected outcomes at their discretion, often underrepresenting the disease and limiting comparability between studies. Utilising a standard minimum data set formed via multi-stakeholder consensus can address these issues. This combines processes to define a core outcome set (COS)\u2014a list of key outcomes\u2014and core data elements (CDEs), a list of key sampling characteristics required to interpret the outcomes. Further \u201chow\u201d these outcomes should be measured and\/or reported is then defined in a core measurement set (CMS). This can include a recommendation of a standardised time point at which outcome data should be reported. This study defines a COS, CDE, and CMS for DCM research.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods and findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A minimum data set was developed using a series of modified Delphi processes. Phase 1 involved the setup of an international DCM stakeholder group. Phase 2 involved the development of a longlist of outcomes, data elements, and formation into domains. Phase 3 prioritised the outcomes and CDEs using a two-stage Delphi process. Phase 4 determined the final DCM minimal data set using a consensus meeting. Using the COS, Phase 5 finalised definitions of the measurement construct for each outcome. In Phase 6, a systematic review of the literature was performed, to scope and define the psychometric properties of measurement tools. Phase 7 used a modified Delphi process to inform the short-listing of candidate measurement tools. The final measurement set was then formed through a consensus meeting (Phase 8). To support implementation, the data set was then integrated into template clinical research forms (CRFs) for use in future clinical trials (Phase 9).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>In total, 28 outcomes and 6 domains (Pain, Neurological Function, Life Impact, Radiology, Economic Impact, and Adverse Events) were entered into the final COS. Thirty two outcomes and 4 domains (Individual, Disease, Investigation, and Intervention) were entered into the final CDE. Finally, 4 outcome instruments (mJOA, NDI, SF-36v2, and SAVES2) were identified for the CMS, with a recommendation for trials evaluating outcomes after surgery, to include baseline measurement and at 6 months from surgery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The AO Spine RECODE-DCM has produced a minimum data set for use in DCM clinical trials today. These are available at <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/myelopathy.org\/minimum-dataset\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/myelopathy.org\/minimum-dataset\/<\/jats:ext-link>. While it is anticipated the CDE and COS have strong and durable relevance, it is acknowledged that new measurement tools, alongside an increasing transition to study patients not undergoing surgery, may necessitate updates and adaptation, particularly with respect to the CMS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T19:58:25Z","timestamp":1724356705000},"page":"e1004447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A minimum data set\u2014Core outcome set, core data elements, and core measurement set\u2014For degenerative cervical myelopathy research (AO Spine RECODE DCM): A consensus study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0591-5069","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Davies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9055-1230","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danyal Z.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6788-745X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oliver D.","family":"Mowforth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9309-1885","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alvaro Y.","family":"Touzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4965-3059","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aria","family":"Nouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0943-3406","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James S.","family":"Harrop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bizhan","family":"Aarabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vafa","family":"Rahimi-Movaghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shekar N.","family":"Kurpad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0931-0286","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James D.","family":"Guest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Tetreault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian K.","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1587-3704","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Timothy F.","family":"Boerger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Rodrigues-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-0018","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julio C.","family":"Furlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8371-8629","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4396-4796","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carl M.","family":"Zipser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Curt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Milligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukhivinder","family":"Kalsi-Rayn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Sarewitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwan","family":"Sadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammy","family":"Blizzard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Treanor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7104-122X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nader","family":"Fallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olesja","family":"Hazenbiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Salzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Wandycz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirley","family":"Widdop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rye","family":"Raine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukvinder K.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7997-4099","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ailish","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6705-1115","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali","family":"Gharooni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jefferson R.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan R.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5722-6364","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael G.","family":"Fehlings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2601-9258","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Angus G. K.","family":"McNair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5145-7199","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark R. N.","family":"Kotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the AO SPINE RECODE-DCM Steering Committee and AO Spine RECODE DCM Community","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k186","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k186","article-title":"Degenerative cervical myelopathy","volume":"360","author":"BM Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref002","first-page":"21925682221111780","article-title":"We Choose to Call it \u2018Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy\u2019: Findings of AO Spine RECODE-DCM, an International and Multi-Stakeholder Partnership to Agree a Standard Unifying Term and Definition for a Disease","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1004447.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220934496","article-title":"The Prevalence of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Spinal Cord Compression on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"SS Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11349-8","article-title":"Most degenerative cervical myelopathy remains undiagnosed, particularly amongst the elderly: modelling the prevalence of degenerative cervical myelopathy in the United Kingdom","volume":"270","author":"B Grodzinski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"17","key":"pmed.1004447.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000988","article-title":"A global perspective on the outcomes of surgical decompression in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy: results from the prospective multicenter AOSpine international study on 479 patients","volume":"40","author":"MG Fehlings","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211039835","article-title":"Establishing the Socio-Economic Impact of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Is Fundamental to Improving Outcomes [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 8]","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.12.124","article-title":"Comparing Quality of Life in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy with Other Chronic Debilitating Diseases Using the Short Form Survey 36-Health Survey","volume":"106","author":"T Oh","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmed.1004447.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020535","article-title":"Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Brief Review of Past Perspectives, Present Developments, and Future Directions","volume":"9","author":"A Nouri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"pmed.1004447.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0157263","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157263","article-title":"Reported Outcome Measures in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review","volume":"11","author":"BM Davies","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1004447.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e031486","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031486","article-title":"Recovery priorities in degenerative cervical myelopathy: a cross-sectional survey of an international, online community of patients","volume":"9","author":"B Davies","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211050927","article-title":"Improving Awareness Could Transform Outcomes in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 1]","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65s","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219832855","article-title":"RE-CODE DCM (REsearch Objectives and Common Data Elements for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy): A Consensus Process to Improve Research Efficiency in DCM, Through Establishment of a Standardized Dataset for Clinical Research and the Definition of the Research Priorities","volume":"9","author":"BM Davies","year":"2019","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211047546","article-title":"Gathering Global Perspectives to Establish the Research Priorities and Minimum Data Sets for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Sampling Strategy of the First Round Consensus Surveys of AO Spine RECODE-DCM","volume":"12","author":"OD Mowforth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211062501","article-title":"James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM]: An Overview of the Methodology Used to Process and Short-List Research Uncertainties","volume":"12","author":"L Tetreault","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211036071","article-title":"Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Development and Natural History [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 2]","volume":"12","author":"A Nouri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211030871","article-title":"Establishing Diagnostic Criteria for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 3]","volume":"12","author":"B Hilton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211063854","article-title":"Improving Assessment of Disease Severity and Strategies for Monitoring Progression in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 4]","volume":"12","author":"L Tetreault","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211057546","article-title":"A New Framework for Investigating the Biological Basis of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 5]: Mechanical Stress, Vulnerability and Time","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211050925","article-title":"Developing Peri-Operative Rehabilitation in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 6]: An Unexplored Opportunity?","volume":"12","author":"TF Boerger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211052920","article-title":"Developing Novel Therapies for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 7]: Opportunities From Restorative Neurobiology","volume":"12","author":"AA Gharooni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211057484","article-title":"Imaging and Electrophysiology for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 9]","volume":"12","author":"AR Martin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211062494","article-title":"Optimizing the Application of Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 10]","volume":"12","author":"R Rodrigues-Pinto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211035381","article-title":"The AO Spine RECODE-DCM International Collaborative-Establishing the Foundations for Accelerated and Patient-Centered Innovation","volume":"12","author":"DZ Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c365","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c365","article-title":"The impact of outcome reporting bias in randomised controlled trials on a cohort of systematic reviews","volume":"340","author":"JJ Kirkham","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmed.1004447.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e060436","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-060436","article-title":"Development of a core measurement set for research in degenerative cervical myelopathy: a study protocol (AO Spine RECODE-DCM CMS)","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05349-8","article-title":"The development of lived experience-centered word clouds to support research uncertainty gathering in degenerative cervical myelopathy: results from an engagement process and protocol for their evaluation, via a nested randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"BM Davies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1_suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5s","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211035379","article-title":"AO Spine RECODE-DCM: Why Prioritize Research in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy?","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e057650","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-057650","article-title":"Clinical outcome measures and their evidence base in degenerative cervical myelopathy: a systematic review to inform a core measurement set (AO Spine RECODE-DCM)","volume":"12","author":"A Yanez Touzet","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"pmed.1004447.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1080\/13611260500069947","article-title":"The Delphi technique in health sciences education research","volume":"27","author":"MR de Villiers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-017-1978-4","article-title":"The COMET Handbook: version 1.0","volume":"18","author":"PR Williamson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1004447.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002148","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002148","article-title":"Core Outcome Set-STAndards for Reporting: The COS-STAR Statement","volume":"13","author":"JJ Kirkham","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref032","first-page":"e000023","article-title":"Patient, sufferer, victim, casualty or person with cervical myelopathy: let us decide our identifier","volume":"2","author":"T Boerger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Health J"},{"issue":"18","key":"pmed.1004447.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003066","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Definitions for Neurological Complications and Disease Progression in Patients Treated Surgically for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy","volume":"44","author":"L Tetreault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0172564","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172564","article-title":"The reporting of study and population characteristics in degenerative cervical myelopathy: A systematic review","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmed.1004447.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18732","DOI":"10.2196\/18732","article-title":"Prevailing Outcome Themes Reported by People With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Focus Group Study","volume":"5","author":"DZ Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res"},{"issue":"7650","key":"pmed.1004447.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0529-3","article-title":"Development and validation of a MEDLINE search filter\/hedge for degenerative cervical myelopathy","volume":"18","author":"BM Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pmed.1004447.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-009-9528-5","article-title":"Development of a methodological PubMed search filter for finding studies on measurement properties of measurement instruments","volume":"18","author":"CB Terwee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"pmed.1004447.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-2935-x","article-title":"A summary of assessment tools for patients suffering from cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a systematic review on validity, reliability and responsiveness","volume":"24","author":"A Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"22 Suppl 1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S111","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a7f499","article-title":"Ancillary outcome measures for assessment of individuals with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"38","author":"S Kalsi-Ryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmed.1004447.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1765-4","article-title":"COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist for systematic reviews of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures","volume":"27","author":"LB Mokkink","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmed.1004447.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-018-1798-3","article-title":"COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures","volume":"27","author":"CAC Prinsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmed.1004447.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-018-1829-0","article-title":"COSMIN methodology for evaluating the content validity of patient-reported outcome measures: a Delphi study","volume":"27","author":"CB Terwee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e061294","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-061294","article-title":"Targeting patient recovery priorities in degenerative cervical myelopathy: design and rationale for the RECEDE-Myelopathy trial-study protocol","volume":"13","author":"B Davies","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220953811","article-title":"Outcomes of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy From The Perspective of Persons Living With the Condition: Findings of a Semistructured Interview Process With Partnered Internet Survey","volume":"12","author":"BM Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"7","key":"pmed.1004447.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.11.013","article-title":"Developing core outcome measurement sets for clinical trials: OMERACT filter 2.0","volume":"67","author":"M Boers","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1555-2","article-title":"How to select outcome measurement instruments for outcomes included in a \u201cCore Outcome Set\u201d\u2013a practical guideline","volume":"17","author":"CAC Prinsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref048","unstructured":"IMMPACT. Publications: IMMPACT Consensus Recommendations [Internet] 2021 [cited 2021 Jul 26]. http:\/\/www.immpact.org\/publications.html. [Accessed: 10\/07\/2023]"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmed.1004447.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.3.FOCUS1648","article-title":"Psychometric analysis and critical appraisal of the original, revised, and modified versions of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score in the assessment of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"40","author":"JC Furlan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"pmed.1004447.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70s","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217701914","article-title":"A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Recommendations for Patients With Mild, Moderate, and Severe Disease and Nonmyelopathic Patients With Evidence of Cord Compression","volume":"7","author":"MG Fehlings","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1938240.120","article-title":"Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Natural Course and the Value of Diagnostic Techniques -WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations","volume":"16","author":"M Zileli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1938274.137","article-title":"Posterior Surgical Techniques for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations","volume":"16","author":"AH Bajamal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1004447.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.1938250.125","article-title":"Anterior Surgical Techniques for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations","volume":"16","author":"H Deora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1004447.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1233","article-title":"Effect of Ventral vs Dorsal Spinal Surgery on Patient-Reported Physical Functioning in Patients With Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"325","author":"Z Ghogawala","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref055","article-title":"Genetics of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Candidate Gene Studies","volume":"9","author":"DH Pope","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2023.09.015","article-title":"Is the type and\/or co-existence of degenerative spinal pathology associated with the occurrence of degenerative cervical myelopathy? A single centre retrospective analysis of individuals with MRI defined cervical cord compression","volume":"117","author":"BM Davies","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-015-0247-8","article-title":"Trends in guideline implementation: a scoping systematic review","volume":"10","author":"AR Gagliardi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00003","article-title":"Enhancing the Impact of Implementation Strategies in Healthcare: A Research Agenda","volume":"7","author":"BJ Powell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j2262","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2262","article-title":"A methodological approach for assessing the uptake of core outcome sets using ClinicalTrials.gov: findings from a review of randomised controlled trials of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"357","author":"JJ Kirkham","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"pmed.1004447.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0256997","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256997","article-title":"Can co-authorship networks be used to predict author research impact? A machine-learning based analysis within the field of degenerative cervical myelopathy research","volume":"16","author":"N Grodzinski","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pmed.1004447.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.081229","article-title":"Defining knowledge translation","volume":"181","author":"SE Straus","year":"2009","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1004447.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219847439","article-title":"Research Inefficiency in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Findings of a Systematic Review on Research Activity Over the Past 20 Years","volume":"10","author":"OD Mowforth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmed.1004447.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-021-04767-6","article-title":"Research activity amongst DCM research priorities","volume":"163","author":"B Grodzinski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref064","unstructured":"Beaton D, Maxwell L, Grosskleg S, Shea B, Tugwell B, editors. The OMERACT Handbook Version 2.1 [updated March 2021]. OMERACT. Available from https:\/\/omeract.org\/handbook\/"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pmed.1004447.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i23","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.031823","article-title":"The EULAR-OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the wrist joint","volume":"64 Suppl 1","author":"B Ejbjerg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"pmed.1004447.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-8-38","article-title":"OMERACT: an international initiative to improve outcome measurement in rheumatology","volume":"8","author":"P Tugwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trials"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T18:29:17Z","timestamp":1725647357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004447","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1549-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]}}}